Pregnancy Prevention
Parent/Adult Education
Planned Parenthood Los Angeles
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Planned Parenthood Los Angeles
Health Center Locations©
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Canoga Park
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Van Nuys
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Burbank
Hollywood
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East Los Angeles
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Boyle Heights
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El Monte
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Crenshaw/Baldwin Hills •
Basics
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Lakewood
Lakewood Basics
South Bay
South Los Angeles
Santa Monica
Whittier
Pomona
Downtown LA
Long Beach
Planned Parenthood Los Angeles
Key Policies ©
• Teens are welcome.
• PPLA services are confidential.
• Fees are based on an individual’s ability to
pay.
• Citizenship is not required.
Planned Parenthood Los Angeles
Services
Available for
Men, Women &
Teens
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Pregnancy Tests
Options Counseling
STI Testing & Treatment
Birth Control
Emergency Contraception
Abortion Care
Health Exams
Cancer Screenings
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Planned Parenthood Los Angeles
Contact Information
• For an appointment, call the customer
service line: (800) 576-5544
• To make an appointment or for additional
information, access our website at
www.pplosangeles.org
• To contact Parent/Adult Education &
Training, please call (213) 284-3311
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Pregnancy Prevention,
Birth Control Methods,
& Pregnancy Options
Can a Pregnancy Happen If…?
• A female has intercourse during her
period?
• He withdraws before ejaculating?
• She douches after intercourse?
• One person is drunk or high?
• A couple has sex standing up?
• She urinates immediately after?
• He drinks a lot of Mountain Dew?
• A couple has sex in a pool or hot tub?
• She takes a shower or bath right away?
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The 4 “C’s” of Birth Control
Consistently:
Use every time
Correctly:
Understand how method works & practice
Comfort:
Choose methods you are comfortable with
Communication:
Discuss with partner beforehand
Make it part of a relationship
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For Your Consideration…
• Typical vs. Perfect use
• STD prevention
• Health exams
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Birth
Control
Birth Control Options©
• Abstinence
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• Fertility Awareness/Natural •
Family Planning
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• LAM (Lactation Amenorrhea
Method)
• Coitus Interruptus
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(Withdrawal)
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• Male Condoms
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• Female Condoms
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• Cervical Cap
• Diaphragms
• Contraceptive Sponge
• Spermicide
• Oral Contraceptive Pill
(COCP/POP)
• Ortho Evra
• Contraceptive Ring
Depro Provera
Implanon
IUD/IUS
– Mirena
– Copper T
Tubal Ligation
Essure
Vasectomy
Emergency Contraception
Behavioral Methods:
Natural Family Planning (NFP) & Fertility
Awareness Method (FAM)
• Based on knowing how people’s bodies
and pregnancy works.
– NFP: abstain during the time the woman
could get pregnant.
– FAM: barrier method during the time the
woman could get pregnant.
• However…
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Behavioral Methods:
Natural Family Planning (NFP) & Fertility
Awareness Method (FAM)
• Follow body’s fertility signs--this may include
close monitoring of:
– Cervical mucus
– Where the cervix is located
– Basal body temperature (BBT)
• Types:
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Cervical Mucus Method
Basal Body Temperature Method (BBT)
Sympto-thermal Method (combo)
Calendar Method
Standard Days Method (Cycle Beads)
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Over the Counter Method:
Male Condom
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Latex or polyurethane
Lubricated or un-lubricated
The “411” on animal skin
Latex/polyurethane condoms
reduce risk of STIs
• One time use
• 85-98% effective
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Over the Counter Method:
Female Condom
• Polyurethane
• Highly lubricated
• One time use for one
act of vaginal intercourse
• Reduces risk of STIs
• 89-95% effective
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Over the Counter Method:
Latex Barrier
• Also called
dental dams
• Oral intercourse
• Placed over vulva or anus
• Can reduce risk of exposure to bodily
fluids / transmission of STIs
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Over the Counter Method:
Spermicide
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Chemical that immobilizes and kills sperm
1 hour or one act of intercourse
71-85% effective
Does not need to be removed
Foam/Jelly effective immediately
Film/Suppositories effective
within 15 min.
• No protection against STIs
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Over the Counter Method:
Sponge
• Soft polyurethane foam
• Absorbs sperm, blocks cervix, releases
spermicide
• Many acts of intercourse in a 24 hour period
• 84-91% effective
• Must be left in at least 6
hours after last intercourse
• No protection against STIs
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Prescription Methods: Hormonal
• Works by preventing ovulation
• Other effects of method include thickening
cervical mucus and thinning lining of uterus
• Reversible
• Side effects include: breast tenderness,
headaches, dizziness, change in appetite
• No STI protection
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Prescription Methods:
Birth Control Pill
• One pill swallowed everyday at the same time of day
• Not effective immediately
• 92-99.7% effective
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Prescription Methods:
Ortho Evra
• Band-aid like patch worn on the skin
• Patch remains on for 7 days at a time- 3 patches in
a row then 7 days patch free
• 92-99% effective
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Prescription Methods:
Nuva Ring
• Flexible plastic ring
• One ring in vagina for three weeks, then removed
for 7 days
• One size
• 92-99% effective
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Prescription Methods:
Depo Provera
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Injection
Effective for 12 weeks
99.7-99.9% effective
Progesterone-only method
Can result in unpredictable cycle or no period
Cannot undo method once given
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Prescription Methods:
Implanon
• Placed under skin in middle of upper arm
• Designed for easy insertion & removal
• 1 implant, effective against pregnancy for
3 years
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Prescription Methods:
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
• Mirena
• Effective for up to 5 years
• Hormonal method
• Changes menstrual
periods
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• Paragard
• Effective for up to 10
years
• Made of copper and
impairs sperm function
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Prescription Methods:
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
– Paragard impairs sperm function, Mirena is a hormonal
method which prevents ovulation.
– Contemporary IUDs rival sterilization in terms of
effectiveness
– Initial cost maybe be high
– Possible benefits include high effectiveness rate, long
lasting, convenient
– Possible disadvantages may include altered bleeding
patterns and cramps
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EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION
(Morning After Pill / EC / Plan B)
• Can be used up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse
• Most effective within 3 days (72 hours)
• Can be used in cases of rape, condom or method failure, or lack
of method
• Available at PPLA and doctors’ offices
• OTC for men and women over age 17
• (800) NOT-2-LATE
• Reduces chance of pregnancy 75-90%
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Sterilization
• Sterilization is one of the safest, most effective, and most cost
effective contraceptive methods.
• Sterilization has become one of the most widely used methods of
family planning in the world in both developed and developing
countries.
– Vasectomy (males)
– Tubal Ligation (females)
– Essure (females)
• Sterilization should be considered permanent. While it is true that in
some cases, some types of sterilization can be reversed (traditional
tubal ligation, vasectomy), this should not be counted on and is not
the intended use. ©
Sterilization
• Vasectomy
– A health care provider closes or blocks the tubes that carry
sperm. When the tubes are closed, sperm cannot leave a man's
body and cause pregnancy.
– It is nearly 100 percent effective.
– However, vasectomy is not immediately effective. Sperm
remains beyond the blocked tubes. Another birth control method
must be used until the sperm are used up. It usually takes about
three months. A simple test, called a semen analysis, shows
when there are no more sperm remaining in a person’s
ejaculate.
– No protection against STIs©
Internal Male Anatomy©
Sterilization
• Tubal Ligation and Essure
– There are a variety of ways Tubal Ligation can be done.
• One way is by tying and cutting the tubes. The fallopian
tubes also can be sealed using an instrument with an
electrical current. They also can be closed with clips, clamps,
or rings. Sometimes, a small piece of the tube is removed.
– Essure is another option for sterilization. Essure is the brand
name for very small metal coils that are inserted in the tubes.
Scar tissue grows around them and blocks the tubes.
– Sterilization is nearly 100 percent effective and offers no
protection against STIs. ©
Internal Female Anatomy©
For More Information
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• Guttmacher Institute:
www.guttmacher.org
• Planned Parenthood:
www.plannedparenthood.org
• National Abortion Federation:
www.prochoice.org
STI and Pregnancy
Prevention Messages
• Abstinence
• Communication with partner(s)
• Proper & consistent use of condoms, latex
barriers and birth control for every act of
intercourse: oral, vaginal or anal.
• Regular Testing – every 6 months
• Communication with your health care provider
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Thank you!
Further questions:
www.pplosangeles.org
213.284.3311
PPLA Education