Name_____________________
Grade 8 History
Unit 3, Chapter 7: Growth and Change
1. The prairies were growing wheat. Towns such as Lethbridge and Sudbury were mining. But the major cities
were still growing the most thanks to the “snowball effect.” What is the snowball effect? (page 145)
The snowball effect is; the more ______________________ settled in ______________________, the more
______________________ developed. The more industry ______________________, the more people were
drawn to ______________________.
2. Canada was becoming a nation of people living in cities! Take a look on page 146 where it lists the top six
cities in Canada. On the lines below, rank these cities from #1 (the city whose percentage grew the most) to #6
(the city whose percentage grew the least.)
#1_____________________________
#4_____________________________
#2_____________________________
#5_____________________________
#3_____________________________
#6_____________________________
3. Beside each sentence, please write a “C” for cottage system (the old way) or an ‘’F’’ for factory system (the
new way). (page 147)
_____ farmers grow the flax and then send it to their cottages.
_____ men weave the thread into linen cloth.
_____ machines spin, weave, dye, cut and sew the cloth to make a shirt.
_____ adults cut and sew the cloth to make a shirt.
_____ children separate the fibre from the rest of the plant.
_____ materials are just fed into a machine that spits out the finished product.
_____ cotton fibre is imported from the US to a factory in the city.
_____ cloth is sent to another family cottage.
_____ women use spinning wheels to spin the fibre into thread.
Grade 8 Canadian History chapter 7 homework
_____ children dye the cloth.
_____ the shirt is sent to a shop to be sold
_____ the shirt is sent to the store for sale.
4. There was a lot of money to be made by factory owners. But why share that money with the employees? As
a result, workers suffered through 12 hour workdays, bad conditions, poor wages (12 cents an hour) and many
fines! Who would speak up for these poor people? Circle the correct answer for each statement. (pages 149150)
i) Started by James S. Woodsworth
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
ii) demanded that the government introduce laws to protect workers from the worst evils of the workplace.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
iii) they worked to improve conditions through negotiations with employers and strikes, if necessary.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
iv) they campaigned against the use of tobacco and actively promoted education and women’s rights.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
Grade 8 Canadian History chapter 7 homework
v) believed religious people had a duty to improve their communities.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
vi) they made only limited progress in Canada.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
vii) believed alcohol caused drunkenness, crime, family violence, and ruined many lives.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
viii) organized charities to help the poor and pressured the government to pass laws to protect workers.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
viv) supported prohibition meaning banning alcohol entirely.
a) the Social Gospel
b) the Temperance Movement
c) Labour Unions
James S. Woodsworth
Grade 8 Canadian History chapter 7 homework
5. What were the three reasons that Labour Unions struggled in the early years? (page 150)
a) The governments were _____________________ to unions. They saw unions as ______________________
to hurt employers.
b) Unions were generally interested only in ______________ workers. The _________________ of Labour was
one of the first unions to ________________ themselves with _________________ as well as ___________.
c) Early unions were formed by _________________ workers, such as _________________ makers and
carpenters. They were generally not concerned with ____________________ _________________.
6. On pages 152 to 154 you will see biographies of 8 Canadian inventors and pioneers. Beside each name
below, please write a one sentence synopsis of what they are most famous for!
George Ross ________________________________________________________________________________
Alexander Graham Bell _______________________________________________________________________
John AD McCurdy ____________________________________________________________________________
Adam Beck_________________________________________________________________________________
Martha Black________________________________________________________________________________
Robert S. McLaughlin_________________________________________________________________________
Guglielmo Marconi___________________________________________________________________________
Mabel Hubbard Bell__________________________________________________________________________
7. Below you will see the top 20 inventions by Canadians as selected by current Canadian inventors, historians
and leaders. Beside each invention, write what that invention’s ranking is. Yes, all of these items were
invented by CANADIANS!
_____ Ski-Doo
_____ Wireless Radio
_____ Zipper
_____ Electric Wheelchair
_____ Five Pin Bowling
_____ Robertson Screw and Screwdriver
_____ BlackBerry
_____ Birch Bark Canoe
_____ Electron Microscope
_____ WonderBra
_____ Cobalt “Bomb” Cancer Treatment
_____ Standard Time
Grade 8 Canadian History chapter 7 homework
Sir Sanford Fleming
Father of Standard Time
_____ Pacemaker
_____ Poutine
_____Bloody Caesar Drink
_____ Insulin (for Diabetes)
_____ CanadArm (for the Space Shuttle)
_____ The Light Bulb
_____ Telephone
_____ Java Programming Language
Dr. Fredrick Banting
Discovered Insulin
Now that you know the answers, which “ranking” surprised you the most? Would you have rated that item
higher or lower?

The ranking that surprised me the most was ________________________. I would have ranked it
_________________ (higher or lower) because: _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Some of Canada’s greatest women are discussed on pages 155 to 157. Beside each description below, write
the name of the woman that is being described!
_____________________________: She was the first woman in the British Empire to be appointed as a
magistrate after her work to improve the legal rights of women. She was one of the first female judges in
Canada. She also worked to allow women to be members of the Senate.
_____________________________: Her husband was governor general of Canada. She founded the National
Council of Women of Canada and the Victorian Order of Nurses. She was the first woman in Canada to receive
an honorary degree from Queen’s.
_____________________________: This lady was a member of the WCTU to stop the sale of alcohol in Canada
and worked to allow women to vote. She was a member of the Liberal party in Alberta.
_____________________________: This amazing woman was the first female principal of a public school in
Canada West. She raised three children and then decided to become a doctor. She was one of the first women
licensed to practise medicine in Canada!
_____________________________: This woman was inspired to work for women’s education when her own
son died after drinking non-pasteurized milk. She founded the Women’s Institute to educate and support
fairness for women.
Grade 8 Canadian History chapter 7 homework