Step Up To:
Discovering Psychology
by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury
Discovering Psychology 4e
Worth Publishers (2007)
Chapter 12: Stress, Health, and Coping
Why Me?
Mind-Body Connection
Stressed Out?
Deal with it!
Applications
Stressed Out?
500
400
300
200
100
Mind-Body Connection
500
400
300
200
100
Why Me?
500
400
300
200
100
Deal with it!
500
400
300
200
100
Applications
500
400
300
200
100
1. Whether or not we experience
stress depends upon:
•
•
•
•
A) the situation.
B) how life-threatening it is.
C) our cognitive appraisal.
D) whether or not others are
involved.
2. The Social Readjustment Rating Scale
was designed to measure:
• A) the impact of positive and
negative events on stress.
• B) the impact of negative events on
stress.
• C) the person’s subjective
appraisal of an event.
• D) the individual’s response to
stressful events.
3. Everyday minor events that annoy
and upset people are called:
•
•
•
•
A) stressors.
B) daily hassles.
C) life changes.
D) normal setbacks.
4. Individuals who come to another
country and adopt the new culture
as their own are said to be:
•
•
•
•
A) migrants.
B) immigrants.
C) acculturated.
D) assimilated.
5. Robert received an offer for a job he
really wanted, but it was in a location
where he did not want to live. This is an
example of a(n) __ conflict.
•
•
•
•
A) approach-approach
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) partial-approach
D) approach-avoidance
6. When threatened, the ____ nervous
system is activated.
•
•
•
•
A) parasympathetic
B) sympathetic
C) somatic
D) adrenal
7. During the fight-or-flight response,
the adrenal medulla secretes the
hormones called:
•
•
•
•
A) catecholamines.
B) acetylcholine and GABA.
C) dopamine and serotonin.
D) testosterone and
progesterone.
8. Corticosteroids are important stress
hormones, but they have some negative
properties that cause:
•
•
•
•
A) premature aging.
B) cardiovascular disease.
C) weakening of the immune system.
D) all of the above.
9. The scientific study of the mind-body
connection and how it relates to the
nervous and immune systems is called:
•
•
•
•
A) organic psychology.
B) biopsychology.
C) psychoneuroimmunology.
D) stress psychology.
10. Physical disorders may be most
likely to occur during the ___ stage of
the General Adaptation Syndrome.
•
•
•
•
A) resistance
B) exhaustion
C) alarm
D) breakdown
11. Among individuals in western
cultures, stress may be reduced by:
• A) being “talked out of it.”
• B) increasing a realistic sense of
personal control.
• C) use of tranquilizing agents.
• D) an increased sense of willpower.
12. Mary has a pessimistic
explanatory style. As a result, it is likely
she:
• A) tends to use external, unstable and
specific explanations.
• B) tends to be more realistic and
accurate in her assessments.
• C) tends to experience more stress
than optimists.
• D) does all of the above.
13. The association of Type A behavior
pattern with heart disease was found to
be due primarily to one factor, which is:
• A) pessimism.
• B) intense ambition or
competitiveness.
• C) an exaggerated sense of time
urgency.
• D) hostility.
14. Social relationships have what
effect on stress?
•
•
•
•
A) They are stress-reducing.
B) They have no effect on stress.
C) They increase stress.
D) They are helpful in reducing
stress but can also be a source of
stress.
15. Support behaviors perceived as
helpful to those under stress include all
of the following except:
• A) talking about yourself or your own
problems.
• B) showing concern and interest.
• C) expressing understanding about
why the person is upset.
• D) helping the person with
housework.
16. Steve copes with stress by getting
drunk. He is demonstrating the
maladaptive strategy known as:
•
•
•
•
A) denial.
B) escape-avoidance.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) spring break.
17. “Sure it hurt to get fired, but I learned
something from it. I am really a better
person for it.” This statement is an
example of:
•
•
•
•
A) denial.
B) seeking social support.
C) positive reappraisal.
D) escape-avoidance.
18. Collectivist cultures place a greater
emphasis on:
• A) a problem-focused coping
style.
• B) an emotion-focused coping
style.
• C) controlling the situation.
• D) an optimistic coping strategy.
19. In response to stress, women are more
likely to:
•
•
•
•
A) create large social networks.
B) give up and cry.
C) fight or flee.
D) respond to a placebo.
20. After the hurricane hit, those in
the affected community helped each
other clear the wreckage. This
behavior demonstrates:
•
•
•
•
A) optimistic style.
B) tending and befriending.
C) emotion-focused coping.
D) problem-focused coping.
21. The authors of your textbook
suggest all of the following as ways of
minimizing the negative effects of
stress except:
•
•
•
•
A) getting enough sleep.
B) exercising regularly.
C) avoiding alcohol.
D) practicing relaxation.
22. The relaxation technique called
___ involves focusing your attention
on an object, word, or phrase.
•
•
•
•
A) self-hypnosis
B) progressive muscle relaxation
C) meditation
D) guided imagery
23. James smokes cigarettes “to relax,” he
says. Knowing what you know from the
chapter, you tell him:
• A) nicotine is a stimulant.
• B) smoking will make his stress
worse.
• C) smoking raises heart rate and
blood pressure.
• D) all of the above.
24. “When life gives you lemons, make
lemonade,” is a statement that illustrates
the coping strategy called:
•
•
•
•
A) negative reappraisal.
B) planful problem solving.
C) optimistic style.
D) denial.
25. Which of the following can help you get
“unstuck” in an approach-avoidance
conflict?
• A) Keep thinking about it until the
answer is clear.
• B) Objectively analyze the pros and
cons.
• C) Talk to a friend who has the same
conflict.
• D) “Sleep on it” and wake up with a
solution.
Stop here, or continue as a review
1. Whether we experience stress
depends upon:
•
•
•
•
A) the situation.
B) how life threatening it is.
C) our cognitive appraisal.
D) whether or not others are
involved.
477
2. The Social Readjustment Rating
Scale was designed to measure:
• A) the impact of positive and
negative events on stress.
• B) the impact of negative events on
stress.
• C) the person’s subjective
appraisal of an event.
• D) the individual’s response to
stressful events.
478
3. Everyday minor events that annoy
and upset people are called:
•
•
•
•
A) stressors.
B) daily hassles.
C) life changes.
D) normal setbacks.
479
4. Individuals who come to another
country and adopt the new culture
as their own are said to be:
•
•
•
•
A) migrants.
B) immigrants.
C) acculturated.
D) assimilated.
481
5. Robert received an offer for a job he
really wanted, but it was in a location
where he did not want to live. This is an
example of a/an __ conflict.
•
•
•
•
A) approach-approach
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) partial-approach
D) approach-avoidance
480
6. When threatened, the ____ nervous
system is activated.
•
•
•
•
A) parasympathetic
B) sympathetic
C) somatic
D) adrenal
483
7. During the fight-or-flight response,
the adrenal medulla secretes the
hormones called:
•
•
•
•
A) catecholamines.
B) acetylcholine and GABA.
C) dopamine and serotonin.
D) testosterone and
progesterone.
483
8. Corticosteroids are important
stress hormones, but have some
negative properties resulting in:
•
•
•
•
A) premature aging.
B) cardiovascular disease.
C) lowering the immune system.
D) all of the above.
484
9. The scientific study of the mind-body
connection and how it relates to the
nervous and immune systems is called:
•
•
•
•
A) organic psychology.
B) biopsychology.
C) psychoneuroimmunology.
D) stress psychology.
486
10. Physical disorders may be most
likely to occur during the ___ stage of
the General Adaptation Syndrome.
•
•
•
•
A) resistance
B) exhaustion
C) alarm
D) breakdown
484
11. Among those of western
cultures, stress may be lowered by:
• A) being “talked out of it.”
• B) increasing a realistic sense of
personal control.
• C) use of tranquilizing agents.
• D) an increased sense of willpower.
488
12. Mary has a pessimistic
explanatory style. As a result, it is
likely she:
• A) tends to use external, unstable and
specific explanations.
• B) tends to be more realistic and
accurate in her assessments.
• C) tends to experience more stress
than optimists.
• D) does all of the above.
489
13. The association of Type A behavior
pattern with heart disease was found to
be due primarily to one factor, which is:
• A) pessimism.
• B) intense ambition or
competitiveness.
• C) an exaggerated sense of time
urgency.
• D) hostility.
491
14. Social relationships have what
effect on stress?
•
•
•
•
A) They are stress-reducing.
B) They have no effect on stress.
C) They increase stress.
D) They are helpful in reducing
stress but can also be a source of
stress.
493
15. Support behaviors perceived as
helpful to those under stress include all
of the following except:
• A) talking about yourself or your own
problems.
• B) showing concern and interest.
• C) expressing understanding about
why the person is upset.
• D) helping the person with
housework.
495
16. Steve copes with stress by getting
drunk. He is demonstrating the
maladaptive strategy known as:
•
•
•
•
A) denial.
B) escape-avoidance.
C) problem-focused coping.
D) spring break.
497
17. “Sure it hurt to get fired, but I
learned something from it. I am really a
better person for it.” This statement is
an example of:
•
•
•
•
A) denial.
B) seeking social support.
C) positive reappraisal.
D) escape-avoidance.
499
18. Collectivist cultures place a greater
emphasis on:
• A) a problem-focused coping
style.
• B) an emotion-focused coping
style.
• C) controlling the situation.
• D) an optimistic coping strategy.
500
19. In response to stress, women are more
likely to:
•
•
•
•
A) create large social networks.
B) give up and cry.
C) fight or flee.
D) respond to a placebo.
498
20. After the hurricane hit, those in
the affected community helped each
other clear the wreckage. This
behavior demonstrates:
•
•
•
•
A) optimistic style.
B) tending and befriending.
C) emotion-focused coping.
D) problem-focused coping.
497
21. The authors of your textbook
suggest all of the following as ways of
minimizing the negative effects of stress
except:
•
•
•
•
A) getting enough sleep.
B) exercising regularly.
C) avoiding alcohol.
D) practicing relaxation.
501
22. The relaxation technique called
___ involves focusing your attention
on an object, word, or phrase.
•
•
•
•
A) self-hypnosis
B) progressive muscle relaxation
C) meditation
D) guided imagery
501
23. James smokes cigarettes “to relax,” he
says. Knowing what you know from the
chapter, you tell him:
• A) nicotine is a stimulant.
• B) smoking will make his stress
worse.
• C) smoking raises heart rate and
blood pressure.
• D) all of the above.
500
24. “When life gives you lemons, make
lemonade,” is a statement that illustrates
the coping strategy called:
•
•
•
•
A) negative reappraisal.
B) planful problem solving.
C) optimistic style.
D) denial.
497
25. Which of the following can help you get
“unstuck” in an approach-avoidance
conflict?
• A) Keep thinking about it until the
answer is clear.
• B) Objectively analyze the pros and
cons.
• C) Talk to a friend who has the same
conflict.
• D) “Sleep on it” and wake up with a
solution.
480
Acknowledgments
• Step Up Created by:
John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
• Based on Discovering
Psychology 4e by
Hockenbury & Hockenbury
• Worth Publishers, 2007
Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
C
A
B
D
D
B
A
D
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
C
B
B
C
D
D
A
B
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
C
B
A
D
C
C
D
B
25. B