A New South and a New Georgia
Chapter 14
Chapter 14 Section 1 Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monopoly
Laissez-faire
Sherman Anti-trust Act
Suburbs
American Modernization
• The US experienced tremendous growth
and change
• Monopolies developed in many
industries
– Steel, RR, telephone, farm equipment
– Sugar, fruit, vegetables
Laissez-faire Attitude
• Government “leave it alone” approach to
problems of industrialization
• Made a few very wealthy, many stayed poor
• Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act
– 1890-outlawed attempts to create monopolies
Modern America
• Alexander Bell improved
communication
– telegraph, telephone
Edison found a way to provide
electricity to many
– 1882-opened a power plant in New
York City
– Electric street cars made it possible
to travel greater distances faster
Urbanization
• Millions of European immigrants came
to the United States
– Towns and cities grew rapidly
– Very few settled in the South because of lack of
jobs
• Those who could settled the suburbs
– Got away from over-population,
filth, disease, noise
Section 2 Vocabulary
5. New South
6. Henry Grady
7. Lost Cause Movement
8. Lint head
9. Market Town
10.booster
New South Movement
A group of leaders who:
• Promoted industry in the South
• Grow more food crops
• Wanted to rely less on cash crops
– Cotton
– tobacco
Henry W. Grady
• Atlanta Journal Constitution (AJC) editor
• Leader of New South Movement with:
– John B. Gordon
– Joseph Brown
– Alfred Colquitt
• Politicians (governor and senators)
• Insisted whites were top of social order
• Promoted economic change
• Coined the phrase
Lost Cause Movement
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•
•
•
Opposed New South Movement
Confederate veterans, Southerners
Could not accept the Old South was gone
Did not care for:
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Large cities
Capitalism
Mass production
modernization
Cotton Mills
• Employed white farmers, people in
Piedmont region, whole families
• When cotton lint stuck to hair and clothes,
they were called “lintheads”
• Looked down upon
• Leaders encouraged mill
business for economy
New South & Other Industries
• Besides cotton:
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Tobacco
Steel
Timber
Coal
Cottonseed
New South & Agriculture
• Wanted small, self-sufficient farms to replace
plantations
• However, large plantations made a few men
wealthy while workers stayed poor
*Sharecropping encouraged this
Could not grow food crops
–
–
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Forced to buy food and supplies from landowners
Stayed in debt
Had to grow cash crops (like cotton, tobacco)
Easily sold
Pay on debt
New South & Railroads
• Mostly damaged or destroyed during Civil
War
• 1880-10,000 miles of RR in the south
• 1890-40,000 miles
– Most Southerners lived near a RR
– Connected them to regional
and national markets
New South & Labor
• Low wages, poor working conditions
• Convicts were “leased”
– Built RRs, roads, grew and harvested crops and in
mines
– Most were black
• Beaten, underfed, did dangerous work
• Chained together to prevent escape
• Labor unions were not popular
• First in south was Workingmen’s
Union #1, next The Knights of Labor
– Never very popular
Market Towns
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•
•
•
Population 5,000-10,000
Usually had a cotton gin
Stores that sold goods to farmers families
Larger ones had RR
– Area farmers would travel to ship their crops
• Boosters promoted their town
– Mail delivery, fire depts., electricity, telephone
service, public schools/colleges
Assignment page 310-315
•
•
•
•
•
Answer the #3 Main Idea questions
A.
B.
C.
You DO NOT have to write the question,
but you DO have to answer in complete
sentences.
Assignment page 310-315 Key
#3. a. The New South became more diversified
by adding industry and new crops to their
economy.
b. Northern businessmen saw great potential in
the South’s abundant resources and raw
materials.
c. Those who opposed the New South did not
care for large cities, mass production,
modernization, or capitalism. They pined for
the antebellum period in the south.
Section 3 Vocabulary
• Crop lien
• Alonzo F. Herndon
Georgia Business & Industry
• Many small industries
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Buggy/wagon makers
Small cotton mills
Cottonseed oil mills
Lumber mills
Coal mines
Brick factories
• 1900-15 industrial companies
– 11 cotton mills
– 4 RR shops
Entrepreneurs
• Coca Cola
– Invented in 1885 by an Atlanta pharmacy owner as a
headache remedy
• Charles H. Herty
– Invented new processes to extract resin from pine trees
– Invented method to turn trees into newsprint and paper
• Alonzo Herndon-black business owner catered to black
customers when whites would not
• Crystal Palace Barber Shop
• Atlanta Mutual Insurance