Nancy Kemp Ware, Instructor
Gainesville High School
a. Explain the importance of President Truman’s order
to integrate the U.S. military and the federal
government.
b. Identify Jackie Robinson and the integration of
baseball.
c. Explain Brown v. Board of Education and efforts to
resist the decision.
d. Describe the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s
Letter from a Birmingham Jail and his I have a dream
speech.
e. Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
1.
2.
3.
July 1948-President
T__________ issued Executive
Order 9981, declaring that
“three shall be e___________
of treatment and
o____________ for all persons
in the armed services”
He ordered d_____________of
military facilities ”to be put
into effect as rapidly as
possible”. Desegregation was
slow in the 1940’s but by
1951, most of the units in
Korea were i____________.
This is a foreshadow of the
things to come….
1.
2.
3.
July 1948-President Truman
issued Executive Order 9981,
declaring that “three shall be
equality of treatment and
opportunity for all persons in
the armed services”
He ordered desegregation of
military facilities ”to be put
into effect as rapidly as
possible”. Desegregation was
slow in the 1940’s but by 1951,
most of the units in Korea were
integrated.
This is a foreshadow of the
things to come….





Born: January 31, 1919 Cairo, Georgia
Jerry Robinson, father, left the family
one day to look for work in
Memphis, and never returned
Jackie’s Mother moved the family to
Pasadena, CA & a young Jackie
joined a gang, got into trouble at
school, and police before finding
sports
Became a four sport athletic star:
Football, Basketball, Track, Baseball
1937: Entered Pasadena Junior
College & excelled in football &
baseball, setting track records






1939: enters UCLA on athletic
scholarship
First student to earn 4 varsity letters
in one year
1942: After college he is drafted into
the Army
Jackie’s Older brother, Mack, went
to the 1936 Olympic games in
Berlin, Germany as part of the US
track team & won the Silver medal
in the 200-meter dash
This influenced Jackie greatly
In 1945: Robinson released from the
Army and joined the Negro
Baseball league
1.
2.
3.
4.
Branch Rickey: President of the
Brooklyn Dodgers wanted to
bring the ideal black player into
the MLB
August 28,1945: Jackie Robinson
was interviewed by Branch
Rickey. Jackie showed that he had
the character along with his
immense baseball talent.
Rickey wanted a player who
was strong enough not to
fight back.
October 23,1945: Jackie signs with
Montreal Royals, a Dodgers farm
team.
Robinson is seen with Branch Rickey signing a
contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers farm team.
1.
Received racial t________ from white fans and
players




2.
3.
Fans threw t_________ on him
Opposing pitchers hit him on p__________ while players
s__________ him with their cleats
His own t_______________ petitioned to get Jackie off the
Dodgers
Players expected him to carry their b_______ and shine
their s_______
Robinson family received many d_______ threats
He had to obey s_____________ laws


Rode in back of team b_____
Had to enter r____________ through black entrances
while rest of team went through the f________ door
1.
Received racial threats from white fans and
players




2.
3.
Fans threw trash on him
Opposing pitchers hit him purposely while players
spiked him with their cleats
His own teammates petitioned to get Jackie off the
Dodgers
Players expected him to carry their bags and shine their
shoes
Robinson family received many death threats
Had to obey segregation laws


Rode in back of team bus
Had to enter restaurants through black entrances while
rest of team went through the front door
1.
Jackie excelled for the Dodgers, and his talent could not
be denied. Jackie never publicly started any fights or
said anything about all the abuse he received. He was a
believer in MLK’s message of non-violent social
change.
Blacks saw Jackie as a hero, and eventually, even whites
began to see Jackie as a heroic figure. Americans of all
races come to love a Jackie for his talent and his calm
demeanor in the wake of the racial civil rights storm. He
became a iconic symbol in American society for hard
work, perseverance, and social mobility.
What was the thing that got Jackie noticed?
2.
What did Jackie Robinson believe in?
3.
Why was Jackie Robinson loved by all races?


I started the season as a lonely man, often feeling like a black Don
Quixote tilting at a lot of white windmills. I ended it feeling like a
member of a solid team.
-- Jackie Robinson
Life Magazine 1951








Batting Average: .311
Hits: 1518
Homeruns: 137
First Game: April 15, 1947
Final Game: September 30, 1956
1947: National League rookie of
the year
1949: National League MVP
6 time All-Star


1962: Inducted into
Hall of Fame
Inducted on first
ballot

124 votes out of 160
ballots (77.5%)
1.
2.
3.
“A life is not important except in the impact it has on
other lives.”
Jackie Robinson’s success in the
-Jackie Robinson
major leagues proved that blacks
could s__________ in America.
D_____________ became more
meaningful to African Americans
because they had someone to look
up to.
Jackie Robinson helped to break
down racial s____________ that
had existed since s__________.
The result was increased
r_________ for African Americans
by whites, a more democratic
s___________, and increased
a___________ for the black
community.
Martin Luther King Jr. and Jackie
Robinson before a press conference in
NYC
•
“A life is not important except in the impact it has on
other lives.”
Jackie Robinson’s success in
-Jackie Robinson
the major leagues proved
that blacks could succeed in
America. Democracy became
more meaningful to African
Americans because they had
someone to look up to.
Jackie Robinson helped to
break down racial
stereotypes that had existed
since slavery. The result was
increased respect for African
Americans by whites, a more
democratic society, and
increased ambition for the
black community.
Martin Luther King Jr. and Jackie
Robinson before a press conference in
NYC
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In 1951, Oliver Brown wanted his 8-year-old
daughter to attend a Topeka, Kansas school,
which only ___________ children were
permitted to attend.
Linda Brown had to walk miles and miles to
a broken down black school due to
_________________
Brown sued the Topeka Board of Education,
and his case reached the
S____________C________. Thurgood Marshall
of the NAACP argued Brown’s case.
On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court issued its
ruling in the Brown v. Board of Education of
Topeka, Kansas case. In this ruling, the court
supported Brown’s case for
d__________________, stating that, “Separate
educational facilities are inherently
_____________.”
A year later, the Court ruled that local school
boards should move to d______________ “with
all deliberate speed.”
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In 1951, Oliver Brown wanted his 8-year-old
daughter to attend a Topeka, Kansas school,
which only white children were permitted to
attend.
Linda Brown had to walk miles and miles to
a broken down black school due to
segregation
Brown sued the Topeka Board of Education,
and his case reached the Supreme Court.
Thurgood Marshall of the NAACP argued
Brown’s case.
On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court issued its
ruling in the Brown v. Board of Education of
Topeka, Kansas case. In this ruling, the court
supported Brown’s case for desegregation,
stating that, “Separate educational facilities are
inherently unequal.”
A year later, the Court ruled that local school
boards should move to desegregate “with all
deliberate speed.”
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The L_________ R______ N______ was a
group of African-American students enrolled
in Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
The ensuing Little Rock Crisis, in which the
students were initially p_____________ from
entering the racially segregated school by
Arkansas Governor O_______ F________, and
then attended after the intervention of
President D___________ D. E____________, is
considered to be one of the most important
events in the African-American Civil Rights
Movement.
On their first day of school, t__________from
the Arkansas National Guard would not let
them enter the school and they were followed
by mobs making threats to l_________.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MksNGcNzKc&safety_mode=true&persist_s
afety_mode=1&safe=active
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/brown
-aftermath.html
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The Little Rock Nine was a group of AfricanAmerican students enrolled in Little Rock
Central High School in 1957.
The ensuing Little Rock Crisis, in which the
students were initially prevented from
entering the racially segregated school by
Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus, and then
attended after the intervention of President
Eisenhower, is considered to be one of the
most important events in the AfricanAmerican Civil Rights Movement.
On their first day of school, troops from the
Arkansas National Guard would not let them
enter the school and they were followed by
mobs making threats to lynch.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MksNGcNzKc&safety_mode=true&persist_s
afety_mode=1&safe=active
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/brown
-aftermath.html
President Eisenhower sent in the
federal troops to escort the Little Rock
Nine into Little Rock Central High
School.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3P6N9gdQg&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&
safe=active
How did these 2 pieces of work by MLK influence
civil rights?
Civil Rights Actors
Person
Impact on Civil Rights
Branch Ricky
Hired J__________ R_________, ending segregation in the Major
Leagues.
Jackie Robinson
F______ African-American major league b__________ player over
the modern era in 1947.
Thurgood Marshall
American jurist and the first African American to serve on the
S__________ C__________of the U.S.
Earl Warren
California district attorney of Alameda County, the 20th Attorney
General of California, the 30th Governor of California, and the 14th
C__________ Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court
Jo Ann Robinson
Civil rights activist and educator in Montgomery, Alabama.
Dwight Eisenhower
5 star G_________ in the U.S. army during WW2 and U.S.
politician who served as the 34th P_____________ of the U.S.
Rosa Parks
African American civil rights activist, arrested for not giving up her
________ on the bus to a ________ man, whom the U.S. Congress
later called “Mother of Modern-Day Civil Rights Movement.”
Orval Faubus
Six-term Democratic Governor of A____________.
Civil Rights Actors
Person
Impact on Civil Rights
Branch Ricky
Hired Jackie Robinson, ending segregation in the Major Leagues.
Jackie Robinson
First African-American major league baseball player over the
modern era in 1947.
Thurgood Marshall
American jurist and the first African American to serve on the
Supreme Court of the U.S.
Earl Warren
California district attorney of Alameda County, the 20th Attorney
General of California, the 30th Governor of California, and the 14th
Chief Justice of the U.S.
Jo Ann Robinson
Civil rights activist and educator in Montgomery, Alabama.
Dwight Eisenhower
5 star General in the U.S. army and U.S. politician who served as
the 34th president of the U.S.
Rosa Parks
African American civil rights activist, arrested for not giving up her
seat on a bus to q white man, whom the U.S. Congress later called
“Mother of Modern-Day Civil Rights Movement.”
Orval Faubus
Six-term Democratic Governor of Arkansas.
YEAR
EVENT and OUTCOME
1954
B_________v. Board of E__________
The supreme court ruled against the “separate but equal” doctrine and ordered the desegregation of all public
schools. Violent protest in the southern states followed.
1955-1956
M__________________ B_____B_____________: African Americans stopped using the bus to travel
completely. The Result: Bus company desegregated its buses. MLK emerged as an important civil right leader.
1960s
_________-ins
Peaceful actions sparked violent reactions and many protesters were jailed. Many sit ins were filmed and
broadcast on TV. The tactic gained momentum for the civil rights movement.
1961
F____________ R____________
Attempts to desegregate interstate travel led to mob violence. Buses were bombed, and many freedom riders
died. The Interstate Commerce Commission banned segregation in interstate transportation.
1962
James Meredith Enrolls at the University of M__________________i
The supreme court upheld Meredith’s right to enter the all white institution. Violence erupts on the campus.
1963
Protest M________________ and B___________________ in Birmingham, Alabama
Violence against peaceful demonstrators shocked the nation. Under pressure, Birmingham desegregated
public facilities.
1963
March on W______________ DC
More than 200,000 people demonstrated in an impressive display of support for civil rights.
1965
S___________, AL March
State Troopers attacked marchers. President Johnson used federal force to protect the route from the Selma
to Montgomery, and thousands joined the march, which was designed to call attention to the issue of voting
rights.
YEAR
EVENT and OUTCOME
1954
Brown v. Board of Education
The supreme court ruled against the “separate but equal” doctrine and ordered the desegregation of all
public schools. Violent protest in the southern states followed.
1955-1956
Montgomery Bus Boycott: African Americans stopped using the bus to travel completely. The Result:
Bus company desegregated its buses. MLK emerged as an important civil right leader.
1960s
Sit-ins
Peaceful actions sparked violent reactions and many protesters were jailed. Many sit ins were filmed and
broadcast on TV. The tactic gained momentum for the civil rights movement.
1961
Freedom Rides
Attempts to desegregate interstate travel led to mob violence. Buses were bombed, and many freedom
riders died. The Interstate Commerce Commission banned segregation in interstate transportation.
1962
James Meredith Enrolls at the University of Mississippi
The supreme court upheld Meredith’s right to enter the all white institution. Violence erupts on the
campus.
1963
Protest Marches and Boycotts in Birmingham, Alabama
Violence against peaceful demonstrators shocked the nation. Under pressure, Birmingham desegregated
public facilities.
1963
March on Washington
More than 200,000 people demonstrated in an impressive display of support for civil rights.
1965
Selma March
State Troopers attacked marchers. President Johnson used federal force to protect the route from the
Selma to Montgomery, and thousands joined the march, which was designed to call attention to the issue
of voting rights.
Modern Civil Rights Legislation Timeline
Legislation
Provisions
Brown v. The Board of Education 1954
Overturned P________ v. F___________
“separate but equal”; Desegregated
P___________ Schools
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlawed segregation in the US s__________
and public places E__________________
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Outlawed the requirement that would make
voters in the US take a l______________ test
to qualify to register to v_______, and it
provided for federal r_______________ of
voters in areas that had less than _____% of
eligible minority voters registered.
Twenty-fourth Amendment to the
Constitution
Prohibits both Congress and the states from
conditioning the right to vote in federal
elections on payment of a p_______ tax or
other types of tax.
Modern Civil Rights Legislation Timeline
Legislation
Provisions
Brown v. The Board of Education 1954
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson’s “separate but
equal”; Desegregated Public Schools
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlawed segregation in the US schools and
public places EVERYWHERE
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Outlawed the requirement that would make
voters in the US take a literacy test to qualify
to register to vote, and it provided for federal
registration of voters in areas that had less
than 50% of eligible minority voters registered.
Twenty-fourth Amendment
Prohibits both Congress and the states from
conditioning the right to vote in federal
elections on payment of a poll tax or other
types of tax.