Objectives: Lesson 1
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TSWBAT define anatomy and physiology and sub-divisions.
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TSWBAT evaluate how anatomy and physiology are closely related.

What do you know??
• anatomy
• from the Greek for “a cutting up”
• physiology
• from the Greek for “relationship to nature”

Overview of Anatomy
Anatomy is………….
• the study of the structure and shape of the body
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Includes both internal and external structures of the body

Andreas Vesalius- Father of Human Anatomy
1514-1564
A Belgian physician, Andreas Vesalius, was the first to dissect human bodies to study anatomy.
He wrote a book on human anatomy in 1538. This book was the first accurate description of the interior of the human body.

2 Main Divisions of Anatomy
I. Gross Anatomy
Concerned with those structures in the body large enough to be seen with the naked eye.
II. Microscopic Anatomy
A microscope or magnifying instrument is used to see very small structures in the body.

Forms of Gross Anatomy
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Surface – the study of general form and superficial markings
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Regional – focuses on the anatomical organization of specific areas of the body (head, neck, trunk)
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Systematic – study of the structure of organ systems
(skeletal system)
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Developmental – describes the changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity
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Clinical – subspecialties in clinical practice (surgical anatomy)

Subdivisions of the Study of Anatomy:
Microscopic Anatomy
Cytology – study of the cell (simplest units of life)
Histology
– study of tissues

Physiology
Physiology - the study of the functions of the body, often at the cellular or molecular level.
Physio = nature Ology = the study of

Sub-groups of Physiology
Considers the operation of specific organ systems
Cardiovascular physiology is the study of?
Neurophysiology is the study of?
Renal physiology is the study of?
Respiratory physiology is the study of?
Pathophysiology is the study of?
Exercise physiology is the study of?

Relationship between Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy and Physiology are always related

All specific functions are performed by specific structures.

Structure therefore, determines function
Example:
A loss of a particular cell type brings on diabetes.
Diabetes effects the system (Anatomy) and the function (Physiology).

Real world application – doctor visit
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Physicians normally use a combination of anatomical, physiological, chemical, and psychological information when they evaluate a patient
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When a patient presents symptoms; the physician will look at the structures affected (Gross anatomy)
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Collect a fluid or tissue sample (Microscopic anatomy)
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Evaluates your physiological processes by asking questions

Anatomy and Physiology Relationship
An anatomist and a physiologist are asked to examine a car and report their findings. What would an anatomist do? What would a physiologist do?

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