Chapter 29
Taking on
Segregation
Thurgood Marshall
NAACP
29 out of 32 Cases in
Supreme Court
Brown vs. Board of
Education of Topeka
Kansas
Brown v Board of Education, 1954
Ended
legalized
segregation
in the entire
United
States
Rosa Parks
Decided to fight
segregation
Sat on the first row of
seats on a bus
When asked to move
refused
Arrested
Bus Boycott
Organized by a little known pastor of local
church who really did not want to do it.
Refusal to ride buses
Marched every where
Rode in cars and organized rides for all
Supreme court finally rued that bus segregation
was illegal
The Little known Pastor was Martin
Luther King Jr.
SCLC
Southern
Christian
Leadership
Conference
Non-violent
protest against
segregation
SNCC
Students
Nonviolent
coordinating
committees
Picture is
Atlanta
Division
Freedom Riders
The March on Washington
(I have a dream Speech)
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Established Federal Commission of Civil Rights
Established a Civil Right division in the Justice
Department to enforce Civil Rights Laws
Enlarged Federal power to protect voting rights
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Banned most discrimination in employment and
in public accommodations
Enlarged federal power to protect voting rights
and speed up school desegregation
Established the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission to ensure fair treatment in
employment
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Eliminated voter literacy tests
Enable federal examiners to register voters
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Prohibited discrimination in the sale and rental of
most housing
Strengthened anti lynching laws
Made it a crime to harm civil rights workers
Types of Segregation sought
De facto segregation
• Segregation that exists by practice and custom
De jure segregation
• Segregation by law
One of the worst violent outbreaks
in the history of the US
Watts, California
New Leaders begin to emerge
Stokely Carmichael
Black Power
Black Panthers
April 4, 1968
James Earl Ray
Affirmative Action
Efforts to consciously hire or employ
people who have been discriminated
against