Imperialism 1867-1914 P Pick up your C-Notes, and get your clicker! Fill out political cartoon analysis worksheet Major Presidents During Imperialism William McKinley 1897-1901 Theodore Roosevelt 19011909 William H. Taft 1909-1913 William McKinley left his term early due to A. impeachment B. assassination C. gout D. resigned Theodore (Teddy or TR) Roosevelt • Before he was President, TR was assistant secretary of the Navy and a military officer during the Spanish-American War American imperialism took interest in this part of the world A. Atlantic B. Europe C. Pacific D. Asia Imperialism-Definition • The Policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories Write a definition of Imperialism in your own words 3 Reasons for American Imperialism • 1. Competition for raw materials and markets for its manufactured goods. • 2. Political and Military competition, based on the need for a powerful new navy • 3. A belief in racial superiority and mission to spread Christianity and civilization to the world View American Expansionism around 1900 All of the following are reasons for American Imperialism, except A. Raw materials B. Racial and religious superiority C. Political and military competition D. Social conditions Imperialism is A. Stronger nations extend their control on weaker territories B. Creating alliances with other countries C. The building of militaries Anti-Imperialism • Not everyone agreed U.S. should expand – Some felt it was morally wrong – Some felt it cost too much money – Famous AntiImperialist – • Andrew Carnegie, Jane Addams, William Jennings Bryan All of the following are antiImperialists except A. William Jennings Bryan B. Andrew Carnegie C. Theodore Roosevelt D. Jane Addams America Expands - Alaska • “Seward’s Folly”-the purchase of Alaska – 1867, US bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million (2 cents an acre) Thomas Nast cartoon of Seward – People thought Alaska was frozen wasteland and a huge mistake William Seward America Expands - Hawaii • Annex-to acquire/take over • 1898-United States/ President McKinley annexed Hawaii – Overthrow of Queen Lil, and Native Hawaiians – Wanted access to China and East Last Queen of Hawaii, Lil Sanford B. Dole Which of the following statements are true? A. America fought and won the lands of Hawaii and Alaska B. Hawaii was purchased and Alaska was annexed. C. Hawaii was annexed and Alaska was purchased. D. Both Hawaii and Alaska were taken by force. The Spanish-American War 1898 • Cuba was fighting Spain for Independence • Jose Marti`-Cuban leader • Spain put 300,000 civilians in concentration camps • American newspapers began writing exaggerated claims of Spanish brutality towards Cubans that became known as Yellow Journalism -exaggerated news to lure new readers Jose Marti “Yellow Kid” Cartoon Newspaper drawing about Spanish officials strip searching U.S. woman Yellow Journalism • Two New York Journalists race to sell the most papers • Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst publish lies about the war to sell the most papers Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Which headline is an example of Yellow Journalism? A. US History Teacher teaches kids a lesson about manners B. US History Teacher Stands Her Ground. C. US History Teacher forces students to sit on the floor, In Their Own Filth. D. History Teacher Takes Control. The Spanish-American War 1898 • 3 reasons U.S. enters War – 1. Yellow journalism – 2. DeLome LetterSpanish ambassador claims Pres. McKinley is “weak” – 3. The U.S.S. Maine mysteriously blows up in Havana and the U.S. blames Spain View beginnings of Spanish-American war Did economic interests have anything to do with the causes of the Spanish-American War A. Yes B. No [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] • Spanish American War! “The Splendid Little War” • U.S. attacks Spanish fleet at Manila Bay in Philippines (Spanish territory) • U.S. and Filipino forces quickly defeat Spanish “The Splendid Little War” • War in Cuba – Fighting is somewhat fierce – Teddy Roosevelt leads a group of volunteers called The Rough Riders in the Battle of San Juan Hill in Cuba – Rough Riders play only small part, but Roosevelt gets famous View Spanish American War video San Juan Hill Rough Riders African-American Unit that fought along side Rough Riders Rough Riders were a volunteer unit A. true B. false Treaty of Paris 1898 • Spain grants Cuba its Independence • U.S. gets the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam • Platt Amendment: gave the U.S. a permanent base in Cuba – Guantanamo Bay The following are conditions of the Platt Amendment A. Cuba could not make any treaty with another nation that would weaken its independence B. Cuba had to allow the United States to buy or lease naval stations in Cuba. C. The US would have the right to interven to protext Cuban independence and keep order. D. Established a civil government. E. Cubas debts had to be kept low to prevent foreign countries from landing troops to enforce payment Step 1: Complete the Cartoon Analysis Step 2: Ask 3 different questions, that reflect the levels of questioning on back of your cartoon analysis. Step 3: (On back) List 2 causes and 2 effects of Imperialism American Expansion Video • The video is about 30 minutes • At the end there will be a 10 question True/False Quiz US History • Take out your chart from last class period. • On the back, write one paragraph about any country of your choosing and explain: – Why America was involved. – The good, the bad, and the ugly of American Intervention – Make sure you use COMPLETE Sentences and write in paragraph form. Levels of Questioning Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 Create a level 1, 2, and 3 questions about American Intervention in other nations. This can be specific to country. The Open Door Policy Included: A. No nation would prevent others from trading in a sphere of influence; B. ƒAll taxes on imports and exports would be collected by the Chinese government; C. ƒNo nation would ask for harbor or railroad duties that discriminated against the other powers in its sphere of influence. D. All of the above. The Boxer Rebellion A. Occurred in response to foreign involvement in China. B. Occurred when the current leader, San Yat-sen was overthrown. C. Occurred when China closed it’s doors to trade. The US helped make significant gains for the Dominican Republic A. True B. False [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] This crop was highly profitable in Hawaii, making many American missionaries move there to grow it A. Corn B. sugar C. grain D. tobacco “The Ugly” of America’s involvement with Mexico includes A. The support of Pancho Villa, a rebel army leader who ultimately killed 17 Americans. B. America transferring support to those who would do what the US wanted. C. Severe tension between Mexico and the US D. All of the above. E. None of the above. The Filipinos were _____ about America colonizing them. A. excited B. angry C. apathetic After 30 years of U.S. rule in Puerto Rico, the territory had ____ percent of unemployment A. 30 B. 20 C. 15 The US gave Cuba full independence under the Platt Amendment A. True B. False [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Philippine-American War • Filipinos were outraged when U.S. did not grant independence • War lasted for 3 years 1899 to 1902 – 20,000 Filipinos died – 4,000 U.S. troops died • Needed Philippines for easier access to China New York Journal –example of Yellow Journalism during Philippine-American War China Open Door Policy • Spheres of InfluenceEuropean nations had divided up China for trading purposes • 1899 John Hay (Sec. of State) called for – 1. open access to all of China’s coastal ports to all countries – 2. eliminate special privileges for any trading nations – 3. maintenance of China’s independence The Open Door Policy included all of the following except: open access to all of China’s coastal ports to all countries B. eliminate special privileges for any trading nations C. maintenance of China’s independence D. A special relationship between China and Russia, exluding other countries. A. Boxer Rebellion • An attempt by a group of Chinese known as the Boxers, in which they attempted to expel all Westerners and Western influences from China. • Rebellion was put down by joint Western forces The Boxer Rebellion A. Occurred in response to foreign involvement in China. B. Occurred when the current leader, San Yat-sen was overthrown. C. Occurred when China closed it’s doors to trade. 3 American Beliefs reflected in Open Door Policy • 1. Growth of American economy depended on exports • 2. America had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open • 3. A fear that closing of an area to American products, citizens, or ideas threatened U.S. survival America felt like they had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open. A. True B. False [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] America As World Power • Great White Fleet – New all steel fleet of a dozen or so ships that TR sent around the world to show U.S. dominance – Painted white Great White’s World Wide Tour Share your quickwrite response with your neighbor Roosevelt and Latin America • Gunboat Diplomacy – Use force to accomplish goals in world, especially Latin America – “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far”-famous saying by Teddy Roosevelt believed in using _____________ to accomplish goals in the world. A. patience B. force C. Subtle clues Taft and Latin America • Dollar Diplomacy – Invest money into a country to help strengthen that country’s economy in hopes of preventing revolutions – By investing money, it normally meant U.S. corporations in Latin American countries By investing money, Taft actually meant A. donating money B. Loaning money to the nation C. Setting up US businesses Wilson and Latin America • Moral Diplomacy– Wilson’s philosophy of extending moral standards to foreign policy – Wilson told the world the U.S. will never take anymore territories. – Wilson did send in troops to Latin American countries to stop revolutions Wilson believed in helping other countries only if A. There were economic interests for the US there. B. They were facing a political revolution C. There was a moral reason to get involved Achievements During Imperialism • U.S. expanded access to foreign markets to ensure economic growth • Built a modern Navy to protect its interest abroad • Became an international police force to ensure domestic dominance in Latin America • US Becomes World Power Looking to Foreign Lands-Video Video Quiz Bellringer Political Cartoon: Spanish-American War 1. What roles has the artist assigned to each of the countries? 2. What symbolic elements does the artist use to characterize each of the three countries? 3. In what direction is the artist hoping to influence public opinion in 1896? This cartoon dates to 1898 shortly after the war 1. What symbols are used to represent the various nations involved in the unfolding drama of the birth of the American empire? 2. How does the portrayal of Cuba in this cartoon compare with the previous cartoon? 1. Is there a contrasting underlying message in this cartoon compared with the previous cartoon? 2. This cartoon says “Its really most extraordinary what training will do. Why, only the other day I thought that man unable to support himself” Interpret what that means in regards to “Won’t you join the stars and be my forty-sixth? 1. What is the significance of Cuba being represented as white and attractive or voluptuous? 2. Explain the apparent intention of the artist in the context of 1901, when Spanish troops had left Cuba and the United States continued its military occupation of the island? “After the First Mile” is the title. 1. How is Cuba characterized? Compare this to the Cuba in the previous Cartoon. 2. What do you suppose is the artist’s attitude toward the possibility of Cuba being annexed as a state of the United States? 3. What symbols does the artists use to represent stability, order, prosperity? “And to think that bad boy came near to being your brother!” is the caption at the bottom 1. This cartoon was published in 1905 and compares Cuba and Puerto Rico. What symbols are used to create contrast? 2. Note the racial representation of both islands. What is the historical context behind these seemingly opposite outcomes? Create your own Political Cartoon • Choose a topic/event in Imperialism • Brainstorm a list of specific facts or ideas related to the topic or event. • Decide what message or opinion to convey • Brainstorm a list of caricatures, symbols, distortions, stereotypes, and/or humor techniques that can express your chose message or opinion. US History • Pick up sheets from up front • Pick up clicker • Label the map using colors from up front US History Create your own map guide, using colors of your choice, and use this legend William McKinley left his term early due to A. impeachment B. assassination C. gout D. resigned American imperialism took interest in this part of the world A. Atlantic B. Europe C. Pacific D. Asia All of the following are reasons for American Imperialism, except A. Raw materials B. Racial and religious superiority C. Political and military competition D. Social conditions Imperialism is A. Stronger nations extend their control on weaker territories B. Creating alliances with other countries C. The building of militaries All of the following are antiImperialists except A. William Jennings Bryan B. Andrew Carnegie C. Theodore Roosevelt D. Jane Addams Which of the following statements are true? A. America fought and won the lands of Hawaii and Alaska B. Hawaii was purchased and Alaska was annexed. C. Hawaii was annexed and Alaska was purchased. D. Both Hawaii and Alaska were taken by force. Which headline is an example of Yellow Journalism? A. US History Teacher teaches kids a lesson about manners B. US History Teacher Stands Her Ground. C. US History Teacher forces students to sit on the floor, In Their Own Filth. D. History Teacher Takes Control. The Open Door Policy Included: A. No nation would prevent others from trading in a sphere of influence; B. ƒAll taxes on imports and exports would be collected by the Chinese government; C. ƒNo nation would ask for harbor or railroad duties that discriminated against the other powers in its sphere of influence. D. All of the above. The US gave Cuba full independence under the Platt Amendment A. True B. False [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] America felt like they had the right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open. A. True B. False [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Roosevelt believed in using _____________ to accomplish goals in the world. A. patience B. force C. Subtle clues By investing money, Taft actually meant A. donating money B. Loaning money to the nation C. Setting up US businesses Wilson believed in helping other countries only if A. There were economic interests for the US there. B. They were facing a political revolution C. There was a moral reason to get involved Roosevelt and Latin America • Monroe Doctrine- 1823 James Monroe told European nations to stay out of Western Hemisphere • Roosevelt CorollaryRoosevelt restated Monroe Doctrine, it was an extension to it and called for U.S. to be “police man” for hemisphere The Monroe Doctrine from 1823 told European Nations to stay out of Western Hemisphere A. True B. False. The Roosevelt Corollary told European Nations to stay out of the Eastern Hemisphere. Roosevelt • Latin America in debt, • Roosevelt uses Roosevelt Corollary to pay off debts to keep European nations out. • Would cause tension between Latin America and America, as Roosevelt played “police” America As World Power • Panama Canal – Built to connect Atlantic and Pacific Ocean – Cutting travel time of U.S. ships by half – Panama was province of Colombia, but TR helped Panama get its Independence to get Canal built – Teddy Roosevelt got credit • The US gave control • of the Panama Canal • back to Panama in • the 1970s Video Chunking • After each video chunk, write a quick summary in the chunk on your graphic organizer. • BBC • National Geographic Achievements During Imperialism • U.S. expanded access to foreign markets to ensure economic growth • Built a modern Navy to protect its interest abroad • Became an international police force to ensure domestic dominance in Latin America • US Becomes World Power Looking to Foreign Lands-Video Video Quiz US History • Get out ALL your notes from the unit, organize into different piles: • 1. Factory Conditions • 2. Progressive Goals and Presidents • 3. Woman’s Suffrage • 4. Imperialism – Pacific and Presidents • 5. Imperialism – Panama Canal and World Power • Get some paper clips to organize them. Created by: Tommy Denning Created by: Zoe Saldana This political cartoon addresses A. The war in the Phillipines B. The annexation of Hawaii and Alaska C. The exclusion of the US in the spheres of influence D. The debate over whether China can [Default] operate their country themselves. [MC Any] [MC All] Created by: Isaiah VanDyke This political Cartoon addresses A. Gunboat Diplomacy B. Dollar Diplomacy C. Moral Diplomacy [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Dollar Diplomacy was A. The idea of using force to persuade countries to allow the US in. B. Intervening with other countries only if there was a moral reason to do so. C. Investing in other countries to help stop [Default] revolutions [MC Any] [MC All] D. [Option 4] Created by: Luke Riley This Political Cartoon addresses A. Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy B. Roosevelt’s Great White Fleet Tour C. The Spanish – American War D. Open Door Policy [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Created by: Nicole Brittingham This political cartoon addresses A. The Open Door Policy B. The Monroe Doctrine C. Roosevelt Corollary D. Panama Canal [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Created by: Tarince Bridges This political cartoon addresses A. America asserting power over Hawaii and Cuba B. America giving Hawaii and Cuba their independence C. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Created by: Marcus Archibald Created by: Kiera Sadler This Political Cartoon Addresses A. Moral Diplomacy B. Gunboat Diplomacy C. Dollar Diplomacy [Default] [MC Any] [MC All] Created by: Travis Tuttle This political cartoon addresses A. The differences of diplomacy between McKinley, Taft, and Wilson B. The differences of diplomacy between Cleveland, Taft, and Roosevelt C. The differences of diplomacy between [Default] Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson [MC Any] [MC All] Created by: Juwan Depriest This political cartoon addresses A. Theodore Roosevelt as an Imperialist B. Woodrow Wilson as an Imperialist C. Theodore Roosevelt as an isolationist and non-interventionist D. Woodrow Wilson as an isolationist and [Default] non-interventionist [MC Any] [MC All] Levels of Questioning • Create 2 level two or three questions – One from Progressives – One from Imperialism Try to extend what we have learned. Only 2 questions per group Socratic Seminar Reflection • On your C-Notes, answer the following: • How does America advance in the time period between 1880-1914?