Introduction and
Timeline
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Introduction
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 Reading Revelation
 Would the churches which received John’s Revelation
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have sat down and studied it ‘verse by verse’?
Question: What would have happened?
Task: Sit down with a coffee, and with a modern
version (like the NIV) and read Revelation right
through in one go.
That is: Get the gist, without worrying about the
detail.
Parts that are clear; parts that are incomprehensible.
Introduction
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 This would have been the same for those first century
Christians .
 They would have read it or heard it read, many times.
 It would have stimulated much discussion … for a very
long time ... And it is the same today.
 If you do that – sit down and read it right through …
what do you find.
Introduction
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 Chapter 1: an interesting introduction.
 Chapters 2-3: letters to churches: strength and
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weakness
Chapters 4-20: visions of future events, in heaven and
upon earth
Chapter 21: the creation of the new heavens and new
earth and new Jerusalem
Chapter 22: concluding chapter
If you do read right through Revelation ask yourself
these sorts of questions …
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 Who did John write to? Jewish Christians or Gentile
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Christians?
Did John assume any prior knowledge from his
readers? If so, what?
What event is the focus of much of Revelation?
What period of time is Revelation mainly dealing
with?
The central part of Revelation changes back and forth
between heaven and earth and it seems to go over
events three times. When dealing with the earth,
which part of the earth is the main focus?
Introduction
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 Sit down and read right through Revelation and enjoy
its climax.
 Revelation 21:1-2: (Read)
 Then I saw ‘a new heaven and a new earth,’ for the first
heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there
was no longer any sea. I saw the Holy City, the new
Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God,
prepared as a bride beautifully dressed for her
husband.
Introduction
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 Revelation 21:3-4 (Read)
 And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying,
‘Look! God’s dwelling-place is now among the people,
and he will dwell with them. They will be his people,
and God himself will be with them and be their God.
 “He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be
no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for
the old order of things has passed away.’
 Wow! How? Why?
Introduction
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 How? Why?
 No more sin
 Note 2 Peter 3:12-13: That day will bring about the
destruction of the heavens by fire, and the elements
will melt in the heat. But in keeping with his promise
we are looking forward to a new heaven and a new
earth, the home of righteousness.
 KJV: wherein dwells righteousness
 But beware … if you read on.
Introduction
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 Revelation 22:14-15: ‘Blessed are those who wash their
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robes, that they may have the right to the tree of life
and may go through the gates into the city. Outside are
the dogs, those who practise magic arts, the sexually
immoral, the murderers, the idolaters and everyone
who loves and practises falsehood.
Note: John has gone back to the Jerusalem of the
Millennial Kingdom.
First and second advents put together in OT prophecy
Millennium and New earth also put together in OT
and NT prophecy.
How can you tell? Is there sin and death around?
Introduction
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 Isaiah 65:17-21: (Read): See, I will create new heavens and
a new earth. The former things will not be remembered,
nor will they come to mind.
 18 But be glad and rejoice for ever in what I will create, for I
will create Jerusalem to be a delight and its people a joy.
19 I will rejoice over Jerusalem and take delight in my
people; the sound of weeping and of crying will be heard in
it no more.
 20 ‘Never again will there be in it an infant who lives but a
few days, or an old man who does not live out his years;
the one who dies at a hundred will be thought a mere
child; the one who fails to reach a hundred will be
considered accursed.
Introduction
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 Ch 1: Introduction
 Ch 2 & 3: The people on earth in John’s Day: The letters
to the Seven Churches
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Ch 4–20: Visions of future events in Heaven and on Earth
 Ch 21-22:5: The people on the New Earth
 Ch 22:6-21: Conclusion
 The central part of Revelation (chapters 4-20) changes
back and forth between heaven and earth and it seems
to go over the same time period three times. It is not
linear (which is what we like).
Serious questions
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 (1) Which group, or groups, of people is a prophecy
intended to benefit?
 Those to who it was originally given?
 Those alive when the prophecy comes true?
 Those living between those two times?
 (2) Which group(s) are most likely to get the
interpretation wrong?
 Note: Humility
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 Hand-out:
 Point A ?
 Some time in the future Israel will again be ‘ammi’ –
My people
 Lo ammi – not my people
 Started after Acts 28:17-28 (Read)
 Started at Acts 28:28 (about AD 63) and confirmed in
AD 70 by the destruction of the temple.
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 Need some years before we get to Point B as a number
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of prophetic events (especially from Daniel) have to be
fulfilled before we get to Point B (e.g. battles between
the King of the North and the King of the South).
The King of the North emerges victorious
Point B
The King of the North makes a seven year agreement
with Israel
Daniel 9:27: He will confirm a covenant with many
[the Jews] for one seven [seven years].
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 Question: What are the likely terms of the covenant?
 Rebuilding of the Temple and the setting up of the
evening and morning sacrifice.
 Note: Daniel 8:13-14: Then I heard a holy one
speaking, and another holy one said to him, ‘How long
will it take for the vision to be fulfilled – the vision
concerning the daily sacrifice, the rebellion that causes
desolation, the surrender of the sanctuary and the
trampling underfoot of the LORD’s people?’
 He said to me, ‘It will take 2,300 evenings and
mornings; then the sanctuary will be reconsecrated.’
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 Note: 2300 days is short of seven years
 7 x 360 = 2520
 2520 – 2300 = 220
 About 7-8 months
 Question: Is that how long it will take to get the
temple into a fit state for the first evening and
morning sacrifice?
 Between Point B and Point C is a time of peace for
Israel but …
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 Point C
 1 Thessalonians 5:1-3:
 Now, brothers and sisters, about times and dates we do
not need to write to you, for you know very well that
the day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night.
While people are saying, ‘Peace and safety’, destruction
will come on them suddenly, as labour pains on a
pregnant woman, and they will not escape.
 Question: Why? What happens?
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 Point C: What happens?
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 Point C
 1 Thessalonians 5:1-3:
 Now, brothers and sisters, about times and dates we do
not need to write to you, for you know very well that
the day of the Lord will come like a thief in the night.
While people are saying, ‘Peace and safety’, destruction
will come on them suddenly, as labour pains on a
pregnant woman, and they will not escape.
 Question: Why? What happens?
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 Daniel 9:27:
 He will confirm a covenant with many for one “seven”.
In the middle of the “seven” he will put an end to
sacrifice and offering. And at the temple he will set up
an abomination that causes desolation ...
 That is: after 3 ½ years he [the King of the North]
breaks the covenant he made with the many (Israel).
 Why?
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 Just before Point C:
 Daniel 11:25-28: With a large army he will stir up his
strength and courage against the king of the South. The
king of the South will wage war with a large and very
powerful army, but he will not be able to stand because of
the plots devised against him. Those who eat from the
king’s provisions will try to destroy him; his army will be
swept away, and many will fall in battle. The two kings,
with their hearts bent on evil, will sit at the same table and
lie to each other, but to no avail, because an end will still
come at the appointed time. The king of the North will
return to his own country with great wealth, but his heart
will be set against the holy covenant. He will take action
against it and then return to his own country.
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 Daniel 11:29-30: ‘At the appointed time he will invade
the South again, but this time the outcome will be
different from what it was before. Ships of the western
coastlands will oppose him, and he will lose heart.
Then he will turn back and vent his fury against the
holy covenant. He will return and show favour to
those who forsake the holy covenant.
 Note 1: This person is not the all-dominant worldwide antichrist that some people make him out to be.
 Note 2: Those who forsake the holy covenant –
renegade Jews.
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 Back to Daniel 9:27:
 He will confirm a covenant with many for one “seven”.
In the middle of the “seven” he will put an end to
sacrifice and offering. And at the temple he will set
up an abomination that causes desolation ...
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 Matthew 24:15: So when you see standing in the
holy place `the abomination that causes
desolation,' spoken of through the prophet
Daniel …
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Matthew 24:15: So when you see standing in the holy
place `the abomination that causes desolation,'
spoken of through the prophet Daniel
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 V 15: So when you see
standing in the holy place
`the abomination that
causes desolation,'
spoken of through the
prophet Daniel
 Note: If we are going to
understand Matthew &
Revelation, we need to have
some understanding of
Daniel’s prophecy.
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 Daniel 9:27: He will confirm a covenant with many
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for one `seven.' In the middle of the `seven' he will
put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on a
wing [of the temple] he will set up an abomination
that causes desolation, until the end that is
decreed is poured out on him. "
He … the King of the North …The Antichrist
Many … the Jewish people
A seven year covenant of peace … allowing the
morning and evening sacrifices in the temple.
In the middle of the seven … i.e. after 3 ½ years … he
breaks the covenant and sets up an abomination in
the temple.
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 Daniel 11:31: "His armed forces will rise up to
desecrate the temple fortress and will abolish
the daily sacrifice. Then they will set up the
abomination that causes desolation.
 Daniel 12:11. "From the time that the daily
sacrifice is abolished and the abomination
that causes desolation is set up, there will be
1,290 days.”
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 Note: three things from Daniel:
 (1) Sacrifice is to be abolished;
 (2) The temple is not to be destroyed;
 (3) The abomination is to be set up in the temple.
 Question: Did the Romans do that in AD 70?
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2 Thessalonians 2:1-4: (Read)
Concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our
being gathered to him, we ask you, brothers, not to
become easily unsettled or alarmed by some prophecy,
report or letter supposed to have come from us, saying
that the day of the Lord has already come.
3. Don't let anyone deceive you in any way, for that day will
not come until the rebellion [falling away] occurs and the
man of lawlessness is revealed, the man doomed to
destruction.
4. He will oppose and will exalt himself over everything that
is called God or is worshiped, so that he sets himself up in
God's temple, proclaiming himself to be God.
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 Revelation 13:14-15. Because of the signs he [the
false prophet] was given power to do on behalf of
the first beast, he deceived the inhabitants of the
earth[ge = the land]. He ordered them to set up
an image in honour of the beast who was
wounded by the sword and yet lived. He was
given power to give breath to the image of the
first beast, so that it could speak and cause all
who refused to worship the image to be killed
 Note: Only one image to be set up.
 Question: Where?
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 Question: Where?
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 Revelation 13: 16-18. He also forced everyone,
small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to
receive a mark on his right hand or on his
forehead, so that no one could buy or sell unless
he had the mark, which is the name of the beast
or the number of his name. This calls for wisdom.
If anyone has insight, let him calculate the
number of the beast, for it is man's number. His
number is 666.
 Note: Everyone? The Jews to take a mark on
their forehead or right hand?
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 Note: Everyone? All this is to do with the Jews and
Jerusalem and the Temple and Judea; it has little if
anything to do with the Gentile Christian Church
worldwide.
 Deuteronomy 6:6-8: These commandments that I
give you today are to be upon your hearts. Impress
them on your children. Talk about them when you sit
at home and when you walk along the road, when you
lie down and when you get up. Tie them as symbols
on your hands and bind them on your foreheads.
 The mark of the beast replaces these .... For Jews.
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 Available from
www.obt.org.uk
Also available as an eBook
from Amazon and Apple
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 Question: What happens between points C & D
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 Question: What happens between points C & D
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 Question: What happens between points C & D
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 Question: What happens between points C & D
 Point C: Matthew 24:15: "So when you see standing in the
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holy place `the abomination that causes desolation,'
spoken of through the prophet Daniel--let the reader
understand-Matthew 24:16-18: then [at that time] let those who are in
Judea flee to the mountains. Let no one on the housetop go
down to take anything out of the house. Let no one in the
field go back to get their cloak.
Question: Take nothing; no cloak … no food?
Answer: No!
Question: Why not?
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 Revelation 12:1-2: (Read)
 A great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the
sun, with the moon under her feet and a crown of twelve
stars on her head. She was pregnant and cried out in pain
as she was about to give birth.
 Note: This is not a picture of Mary giving birth to Christ.
 Genesis 37:9-10: Then he had another dream, and he told it
to his brothers. ‘Listen,’ he said, ‘I had another dream, and
this time the sun and moon and eleven stars were
bowing down to me.’ When he told his father as well as his
brothers, his father rebuked him and said, ‘What is this
dream you had? Will your mother and I and your brothers
actually come and bow down to the ground before you?’
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 Revelation 12:3-4: Then another sign appeared in
heaven: an enormous red dragon with seven heads and
ten horns and seven crowns on its heads. Its tail swept
a third of the stars out of the sky and flung them to the
earth. The dragon stood in front of the woman who
was about to give birth, so that it might devour her
child the moment he was born.
 Note: This child was not, and could not have been, the
baby Jesus.
 Question: Who is this child?
 Question: But first, who is this dragon?
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 Revelation 12:7-9: (Read)
 Then war broke out in heaven. Michael and his angels
fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his
angels fought back. But he was not strong enough,
and they lost their place in heaven. The great dragon
was hurled down – that ancient snake called the devil,
or Satan, who leads the whole world astray. He was
hurled to the earth, and his angels with him.
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 Revelation 12:13-14: (Read)
 When the dragon saw that he had been hurled to the
earth, he pursued the woman who had given birth to
the male child. The woman was given the two wings of
a great eagle, so that she might fly to the place
prepared for her in the wilderness, where she would be
taken care of for a time, times and half a time, out of
the snake’s reach.
 Note: a time = 1 years; times = 2 years; half a time = ½
year.
 That is 3 ½ years
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 Revelation 12:5: She gave birth to a son, a male child,
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who ‘will rule all the nations with an iron sceptre.’ And
her child was snatched up to God and to his throne.
Question: Who is this son? Not Christ; all future.
Note: Christ will rule the nations with a rod of iron
but note …
The overcomers of Revelation chapters 2 & 3
E.g. Revelation 2:26-27: To the one who is victorious
and does my will to the end, I will give authority over
the nations – that one “will rule them with an iron
sceptre”
These are the overcomers of Israel and will join …
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 Matthew 27:28-29: Peter answered him, ‘We have left
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everything to follow you! What then will there be for
us?’ Jesus said to them, ‘Truly I tell you, at the renewal
of all things, when the Son of Man sits on his glorious
throne, you who have followed me will also sit on
twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
Matthew 24:16-18: (Read)
Question: Take nothing; no cloak … no food?
Answer: No!
Question: Why not?
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 Revelation 12:6: The woman fled into the wilderness to
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a place prepared for her by God, where she might be
taken care of for 1,260 days.
Fed for 1260 days = 3 ½ years. (Time, times, ½ time v 14)
Remember: Manna in the wilderness.
Note: take nothing; no cloak … no clothing?
Deuteronomy 29:5: Yet the LORD says, ‘During the
forty years that I led you through the wilderness, your
clothes did not wear out, nor did the sandals on your
feet.’
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 Note Matthew 24: 19: How dreadful it will be in those
days for pregnant women and nursing mothers!
 Compare Paul in 1 Corinthians 7:26-29. Because of
the present crisis, I think that it is good for a man to
remain as he is. Are you pledged to a woman? Do not
seek to be released. Are you free from such a
commitment? Do not look for a wife. But if you do
marry, you have not sinned; and if a virgin marries,
she has not sinned. But those who marry will face
many troubles in this life, and I want to spare you this
…
 Question: What was the ‘present crisis’?
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 V 29: But those who marry will face many
troubles in this life, and I want to spare you this …
 1 Corinthians 7:30: What I mean, brothers and
sisters, is that the time is short. From now on
those who have wives should live as if they do
not.
 Note: later when the ‘crisis’ is over, Paul wrote:
 1 Timothy 5:14: So I counsel younger widows to
marry, to have children
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 Matthew 24: 20: Pray that your flight will not take
place in winter or on the Sabbath.
 Note: Sabbath Day – Jews
 Note: Practically all the events relating to these
last 3 1/2 years, between Point C and Point D,
relate to the temple, Jerusalem, Judea and the
Jews.
 Question: But what will the wider effect be?
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 Getting close to Point D.
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 Getting close to Point D.
 Matthew 24: 21: For then there will be great
distress, unequalled from the beginning of the
world until now – and never to be equalled again.
 Unequalled Distress; The Great Tribulation
(KJV)
 Where? Jerusalem; Judea! How much further?
 Who? The Jews.
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 Matthew 24:22: If those days had not been cut
short, no one would survive, but for the sake of
the elect those days will be shortened.
 Question: Who are the elect?
 Who were the elect when Christ spoke?
 Question: How will those days be cut short?
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 Matthew 24: 29-30 (Read)
 Immediately after the distress of those days
 “the sun will be darkened,
and the moon will not give its light;
the stars will fall from the sky,
and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.”
 Then will appear the sign of the Son of Man in heaven.
And then all the peoples of the earth will mourn when
they see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of
heaven, with power and great glory.
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 Matthew 24:29-30: compare with Zechariah 14:1-7 (read)
 I will gather all the nations to Jerusalem to fight against it;
the city will be captured … Half of the city will go into exile,
but the rest of the people will not be taken from the city.
3 Then the LORD will go out and fight against those nations,
as he fights on a day of battle.
 4 On that day his feet will stand on the Mount of Olives,
east of Jerusalem, and the Mount of Olives will be split in
two from east to west, forming a great valley … You will flee
by my mountain valley … Then the LORD my God will
come, and all the holy ones with him. On that day there
will be neither sunlight nor cold, frosty darkness. It will be
a unique day … with no distinction between day and night.
When evening comes, there will be light.
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 This is Point E … and a number of things happen.
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 This is Point E … and a number of things happen.
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 This is Point E … and a number of things happen.
 Israel are saved and those who fled into the mountains
and those elsewhere are gathered.
 Matthew 24:30-31: ‘Then will appear the sign of the
Son of Man in heaven. And then all the peoples of
the earth[a] will mourn when they see the Son of Man
coming on the clouds of heaven, with power and great
glory. And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet
call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds,
from one end of the heavens to the other.
 [a] all tribes of the land [footnote latest NIV]
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 Revelation 1:7: ‘Look, he is coming with the
clouds,’ and ‘every eye will see him, even those who
pierced him’; and all peoples on earth ‘will mourn
because of him.’
 Zechariah 12:10: ‘And I will pour out on the house of
David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace
and supplication. They will look on me, the one they
have pierced, and they will mourn for him as one
mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for him as
one grieves for a firstborn son.
 Question: Just been saved; why mourn?
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 Daniel 7:11-14 (Read)
 11 ‘Then I continued to watch because of the boastful words
the horn was speaking. I kept looking until the beast was
slain and its body destroyed and thrown into the blazing
fire.
 13 ‘In my vision at night I looked, and there before me was
one like a son of man, coming with the clouds of heaven.
He approached the Ancient of Days and was led into his
presence.
 14 He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all
nations and peoples of every language worshipped him.
His dominion is an everlasting dominion that will not pass
away, and his kingdom is one that will never be destroyed.
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 Another thing at Point E is Satan is defeated and
bound.
 Revelation 20:1-3: And I saw an angel coming down
out of heaven, having the key to the Abyss and holding
in his hand a great chain. He seized the dragon, that
ancient snake, who is the devil, or Satan, and bound
him for a thousand years. He threw him into the Abyss,
and locked and sealed it over him, to keep him from
deceiving the nations any more until the thousand
years were ended. After that, he must be set free for a
short time.
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 At Point E we have the first resurrection.
 Revelation 20:4-6: I saw thrones on which were seated
those who had been given authority to judge. And I saw the
souls of those who had been beheaded because of their
testimony about Jesus and because of the word of God.
They had not worshipped the beast or its image and had
not received its mark on their foreheads or their hands.
They came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand
years. (The rest of the dead did not come to life until the
thousand years were ended.) This is the first resurrection.
Blessed and holy are those who share in the first
resurrection. The second death has no power over them,
but they will be priests of God and of Christ and will reign
with him for a thousand years.
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 The First resurrection at The Last Trumpet
 Revelation 11:15: The seventh angel sounded his
trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, which
said: The kingdom of the world has become the
kingdom of our Lord and of his Messiah, and he will
reign for ever and ever.’
 1 Corinthians 15:51-52: Listen, I tell you a mystery: we
will not all sleep, but we will all be changed – in a
flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet.
For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised
imperishable, and we will be changed.
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 1 Thessalonians 4:15-17: (Read)
 According to the Lord’s word, we tell you that we who
are still alive, who are left until the coming of the Lord,
will certainly not precede those who have fallen asleep.
For the Lord himself will come down from heaven,
with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel
and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in
Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive
and are left will be caught up together with them in
the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will
be with the Lord for ever.
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 At Point E Christ sets up His kingdom on Earth
 Revelation 11:15: The seventh angel sounded his
trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, which
said: The kingdom of the world has become the
kingdom of our Lord and of his Messiah, and he will
reign for ever and ever.’
 Matthew 5:5: Blessed are the meek, for they will
inherit the earth
 Matthew 6:10: your kingdom come, your will be done,
on earth as it is in heaven.
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 Isaiah 2:2-4 (Read)
 In the last days the mountain of the LORD’s temple will be
established as the highest of the mountains; it will be
exalted above the hills, and all nations will stream to it.
 3 Many peoples will come and say, ‘Come, let us go up to the
mountain of the LORD, to the temple of the God of Jacob.
He will teach us his ways, so that we may walk in his paths.’
The law will go out from Zion, the word of the LORD from
Jerusalem.
 4 He will judge between the nations and will settle disputes
for many peoples. They will beat their swords into
ploughshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation
will not take up sword against nation, nor will they train for
war any more.
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 Israel fulfil their role as a Kingdom of Priests
 The Kingdom last for 1,000 years, but it is not perfect.
 Point F – Satan is released!
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 Revelation 20:7-10: (Read)
 When the thousand years are over, Satan will be
released from his prison and will go out to deceive the
nations in the four corners of the earth – Gog and
Magog – and to gather them for battle. In number they
are like the sand on the seashore. They marched across
the breadth of the earth and surrounded the camp of
God’s people, the city he loves. But fire came down
from heaven and devoured them. And the devil, who
deceived them, was thrown into the lake of burning
sulphur, where the beast and the false prophet had
been thrown. They will be tormented day and night for
ever and ever.
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 Satan is destroyed:
 Hebrews 2:14: Since the children have flesh and blood,
he too shared in their humanity so that by his death he
might destroy him who holds the power of death – that
is, the devil.
 Ezekiel 28:13,18: You were in Eden, the garden of God
… So I made a fire come out from you, and it consumed
you, and I reduced you to ashes on the ground in the
sight of all who were watching.
 Question: tormented day and night for ever and ever?
 For ever and ever = Greek = until the age of the ages
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 Point G – The Second Resurrection: Revelation 20:11-15:
 Then I saw a great white throne and him who was seated on
it. The earth and the heavens fled from his presence, and
there was no place for them. And I saw the dead, great and
small, standing before the throne, and books were opened.
Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The
dead were judged according to what they had done as
recorded in the books. The sea gave up the dead that were
in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in
them, and each person was judged according to what they
had done. Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake
of fire. The lake of fire is the second death. Anyone whose
name was not found written in the book of life was thrown
into the lake of fire.
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 Point H – The Age of the Ages: The new Heavens and
New Earth
 2 Peter 3:10-14: (Read)
 The heavens will disappear with a roar; the elements
will be destroyed by fire, and the earth and everything
done in it will be laid bare… That day will bring about
the destruction of the heavens by fire, and the
elements will melt in the heat. But in keeping with his
promise we are looking forward to a new heaven and a
new earth, where righteousness dwells.
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 Revelation 21:1-5: (Read)
 Then I saw ‘a new heaven and a new earth,’ for the first
heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there
was no longer any sea. I saw the Holy City, the new
Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God,
prepared as a bride beautifully dressed for her
husband. And I heard a loud voice from the throne
saying, ‘Look! God’s dwelling-place is now among the
people, and he will dwell with them. They will be his
people, and God himself will be with them and be
their God.
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 4 “He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There
will be no more
 death or
 mourning or
 crying or
 pain,
 for the old order of things has passed away.’
 5 He who was seated on the throne said, ‘I am
making everything new!’
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