CLASS SET-DO NOT WRITE ON
CHAPTER 15 EXAM REVIEW
13th Amendment-made slavery illegal in the United States
Amendment-a change made to a law, bill, or document
Andrew Johnson-a Democrat from Tennessee who became president
Black Codes-assigned African-Americans to second class status
Civil rights-rights belonging to all citizens
Constitution of 1866-series of amendments to the Constitution of 1845 approved
by Texas voters
Constitution of 1876-limited powers of the legislature to make changes: still used
by Texas today
Emancipation Proclamation-freed all slaves in Confederate states still rebelling
against the Union
Freedman’s Bureau-created by the U.S. Congress to help former slaves adjust to
freedom
James W. Throckmorton-became governor of Texas in 1866; opposed secession
but served in the Confederacy
Obnoxious Acts-Redeemer’s term for Edmund Davis’s legislative program
Radical Republicans-saw Reconstruction as a way to punish Southerners and to
reorganize the South
Reconstruction-period after the Civil War during which the South experienced
great changes
Reconstruction Act-placed the Southern states under military rule
Veto- refusal by a head of government to sign a bill passed by the legislature
 During the Constitutional Convention of 1868-1869, some Texans wanted
to divide the state into several parts.
 Governor Edmund J. Davis was described as a necessary evil because while
he was in power, Texas was able to be readmitted to the United States.
 In 1863 after President issued the Emancipation Proclamation, the
Confederacy decided to ignore the order.
 In 1867 Congress drew up a plan for Reconstruction that protected the
rights of African Americans and limited the roles of former Confederate
leaders.
 In President Andrew Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction, former
Confederate states had to declare that their secession had been illegal.
 Many people who lived in what was the Confederacy had money problems
because Confederate money was worthless after the war was over.
 Many Texans called Edmund Davis’s legislative program the Obnoxious
Acts.
 Martial law can best be described as rule by an army instead of by the usual
civil authorities.
 One major contribution of the Freedman’s Bureau was the creation of
schools for African-American children.
 One of the duties assigned to the troops in Texas during military rule was to
register only people loyal to the Union as voters.
 Political Reconstruction required the people of the South to write new
constitutions that rejected secession and ended slavery.
 Powers granted to the governor during Edmund Davis’s term in office were:
control over state police force and state militia, authority to declare martial
law, AND the authority to appoint individuals to fill available state offices.
 Richard Coke defeated Edmund Davis in the 1873 election for Texas
governor.
 Texas was finally readmitted to the Union when the state legislature
ratified the 14th and 15th amendments.
 The Constitution of 1866 was basically the pre-war constitution with a
series of amendments.
 The Constitution of 1876 set aside land grants for education.
 The Ku Klux Clan was organized in order to stop freed slaves from exercising
their rights.
 The Reconstruction Act of 1867 was passed in response to most Southern
states refusal to approve the 14th amendment.
 The Redeemers were people who wanted to save Texas from the Radical
Republicans.
 The Texas Constitution of 1876 allowed the legislature to meet only every
other year.