Effector Organ
Eye – Iris
Cranial III
Oculomotor
Eye – Ciliary
Muscles
Lacrimal Glands
Cranial VII
Facial
Salivary Glands
Cranial VII & IX
Sweat Glands
Parasympathetic
Receptor Response
M3
Constriction of
circular muscles
(Miosis)
M3
Contracts muscle
Relaxes Suspensory
Fibers – Lens Round
Near vision – no
longer fat
M3
Stimulates secretory
activity
Sympathetic
Receptor Response
Alpha 1
Contraction of radial
muscles (Mydriasis)
Alpha 1
Stimulates secretions
(minimal)
M3
Alpha 1
Stimulates secretions
(minimal)
Temperature Control
Generalized
Sympathetic –
Cholinergic (Eccrine)
Emotion
Adrenergic sweating
(Apocrine)
Localized
No effect
None
Stimulates water
secretions
No innervation
No
significant
effect
M
(M2/M3)
Alpha 1
Nasopharyngeal
Glands
Adrenal Gland
M3
Secretion
No effect
None
No innervation
Nn
Heart
SA node
AV node
M2
Beta 1
HIS system
M2
Decreases rate
(automaticity)
Decreases
conduction velocity
and decrease
contraction
Little or no
innervation (only do
by AV node)
Beta 1
Increases conduction
and automaticity
Atria
M2
Increases
conduction velocity
and decreases
contraction
Beta 1
Increase in force of
contraction and
velocity of
conduction
M2
Beta 1
Releases Epi and NE
from medullary cells
(comes from
thracolumbar region)
Increases rate
(automaticity)
Increase conduction
velocity, contractility
and automaticity
Ventricles
M2
Little or NO
innervation
Beta 1
Increase in force of
contraction and
velocity of
conduction
Blood vessels (remember, there may also be alpha 2 receptors on blood
vessels) – on nerve ending will be inhibitory. Can be postsynaptic blood vessel will
work the same as alpha 1 receptors (constriction).
Arterioles
Coronary
NONE
Little or NO
innervation
Alpha 1
M3
Vasodilation
(indirect)
Beta 2
M3
Vasodilation (Nitric
Oxide)
Alpha 1
Constriction –
decreases blood
flow
Vasodilation –
increase blood
flow
Constriction
Beta 2
Dilation
Coronary Blood Flow – Auto-Regulation Dominates
Too much Blood Flow = Auto-Dilate
Too little Blood Flow = Auto-Constrict
Skin
Abdominal
viscera
Glands
Renal
Skeletal
Muscle
Pulmonary
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Alpha 1
Alpha 1
Constriction
Constriction
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Alpha 1
Alpha 1
Beta 2
Constriction
Constriction
Dilation dominates
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Beta 2
Dilate
Pulmonary Blood Flow – Auto-Regulation Dominates
Veins (reservoir
for blood)
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Alpha 1
Constriction
Beta 2
DA 1
Dilation
Dilation (stimulation
cause blood vessels
to dilate and blood
pressure will
decrease.
Relaxes bronchial
smooth muscle
Renal and
Mesenteric Blood
Vessels
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Lungs
M3
Contracts bronchial Beta 2
smooth muscle
Bronchial Glands
GI Tract (stomach
and intestines)
M3
M3
Stimulation
Increases motility
and amounts of
secretions; Relaxes
sphincters
Beta 2
Alpha 1
Decreases secretions
Contract Sphincters
Beta 2
Presynaptic
Alpha 2A
Gallbladder and
ducts
Liver
M
Contraction
Beta 2
Relax smooth muscle
Presynpatic – on
cholinergic nerves to
inhibits release of
Ach
Relaxation
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Insulin Secretion
from Beta Cells of
Pancreas
NO PSNS
NO PSNS
Alpha 1 and
Beta 2
Beta 2
Glycogenolysis and
gluconeogenesis
Increases secretion
Inhibits secretion
Inhibits secretion
Promotes RENIN
release – JG cells
Increase muscle tone
Relaxes detrusor
muscle
Acini Cells of
Pancreas
Kidney
M3
Secretion
Alpha 2
Alpha
NONE
No innervation
Beta 1
Ureters
Bladder
Unknown
M3
Unknown
Contracts detrusor
muscle; Relaxes
trigone and urethra
sphincter
Alpha 1
Beta 2
Alpha 1
Sex Organ - Male
M3
Skeletal Muscle
NONE
Vasodilation –
Alpha 1
erection (reflex and
emotions)
No innervation
Beta 2
Uterus
Varies
Varies
Beta 2
Arrector pili
muscles attached
to hair follicles
Spleen Capsule
NONE
No innervation
Alpha 1
Alpha 1
NONE
No innervation
Alpha 1
Contracts trigone and
urethra sphincter
Ejaculation
Increased
contractility
Small muscle bundles
– Type I slow fibers
(tremors, twitching)
Relaxes smooth
muscle
Pregnant – contract
Contracts to erect
hairs
Contraction – to
release RBCs
Sympathetic Nerve Endings
Autoreceptor – inhibits release of NE
Heteroreceptor – inhibits NE release
Alpha2A > Alpha2C – by NE
M2, M4 – by Ach
Parasympathetic Nerve Endings
Autoreceptor – inhibits release of Ach
Heteroreceptor – inhibits Ach release
M2, M4 – by Ach
Alpha2A > Alpha2C – by NE