The Internationalization of Engineering Education: a Tale of Two Countries Keith W. Hipel Conflict Analysis Group, Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada http://www.systems.uwaterloo.ca/Faculty/Hipel/ http://www.systems.uwaterloo.ca/Research/CAG/ kwhipel@uwaterloo.ca 1 INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO • Almost 300 agreements with institutions in 56 countries • Over 100 student exchange programs • More than 50 in Engineering in 25 countries or regions 2 EXCHANGE PROGRAMS IN ENGINEERING AT WATERLOO • Major educational innovation. • Most comprehensive engineering exchange programs in Canada. • Exchange agreements with over 50 institutions in 25 countries from around the world. • Waterloo is especially proud of its Japanese connections. 3 JAPANESE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS University of Waterloo with Tottori University Kyoto University Tokyo Institute of Technology 4 Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Japan World Map (Source: www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/world.html) 5 FRIENDSHIP CANADA JAPAN 6 Map of Canada (Source: http://gashydrate.nrcan.gc.ca/mallik2002/images/canada_map.jpg) 7 8 Map of Ontario (http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/) DEFINITION OF A CANADIAN A Canadian is an American who carries a Medicare Card but does not carry a gun. 9 ABORIGINAL PLACE NAMES • Canada: means “village” in the Huron language. • Ontario: “beautiful lake” in Huron • Toronto: “a place of meeting” in Huron • Nunavut: “our land” in Inuktitut • Ottawa: “to trade” from the Algonquin language • Yukon: “great river” in the Loucheux language • Quebec: “narrow passage” in Algonquin • Saskatchewan: “swift flowing river” from the Cree language 10 A SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP Friendship Visits Research Student Exchange Programs Conferences . . . Log Cabins 11 COMMON RESEARCH INTERESTS • Multiple Participant-Multiple Objective Decision Making • • • • • • • • • The Graph Model for Conflict Resolution Systems Thinking Risk Assessment Resource Allocation Sustainable Development Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis Uncertainty Analysis Water Resources Environmental Engineering Compliance Many Joint Publications 12 STUDENT EXCHANGE PROGRAMS University of Waterloo Tottori University (1987) Kyoto University (1992) Tokyo Institute of Technology (2006) 200 Japanese and Canadian Students Professor Okada received a Doctor of Engineering, Honoris Causa, in 1995 from the University of Waterloo 13 14 15 PRINCIPLES FOR SUCCESS • • • • • • • • • Culture Fist Champion Commitment Friendship Self-Supporting Universality Continuity Equality Flexibility 16 THIRD YEAR WATERLOO ENGINEERING STUDENTS, STUDYING AT TOTTORI UNIVERSITY • • • • • Arrive in Tottori in early April Take classes from mid-April until the end of July Final examinations written in English Travel around Japan and Asia until mid-September From mid-September until mid-December, Tottori Professors arrange work term jobs located throughout Japan • Professional presentations about workterm in mid-December at Tottori University 100 Waterloo Students 17 Evaluation of the Waterloo/Tottori exchange program by participating Waterloo students. (Legend: E—Excellent, V—Very good, G—Good, and L—Little impact). 18 JAPANESE GRADUATE STUDENTS • Study at Waterloo during the Fall (September to December) and Winter (January to April) Academic Terms • Visit Niagara Falls, Quebec City, Ottawa, Montreal, Toronto and elsewhere during the Christmas break • Travel to Western Canada or Europe during the return trip to Japan in April 19 PERSONAL SUCCESS STORIES • Professor Kei Fukayama – Member of the first group of Tottori exchange students to study at the University of Waterloo (September 1988-April 1989) – Graduated with PhD in Systems Design Engineering in May 1995 Now a Full Professor, Department of Social Systems Engineering Tottori University • Professor Hiroyuki Sakakibara – Member of the first group of Kyoto students to study at Waterloo (September 1995-April 1996) – Now an Associate Professor in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Yamaguchi University 20 PERSONAL SUCCESS STORIES (Cont’d) • Bryan Mark works on equities trading for HSBC Securities Japan Limited in Tokyo. He went to Tottori in 1994 and he joyfully proclaims “I met my wife in Japan (Tottori).We are happily married and have a daughter.” He also states that the exchange experience “provided more of a cultural education than a pure technical [one].” • Brian Wong is President of a software consulting company, Dezlang Systems Inc., located in Thornhill, Ontario. He participated in the exchange program in 1988, and speaks from his heart when he says, “I had one of the best times of my life on the exchange. It definitely influenced my life in terms of honesty, independence, generosity, balance, and respecting others.” 21 PERSONAL SUCCESS STORIES (Cont’d) • Daniel Kenny is employed with HSBC Securities Japan Limited, in Tokyo, where he manages trading systems. As a result of living in Japan in 1994 he declares, “The exchange ultimately changed my life and I contribute my career progression and personal development over the last five years primarily to the experience gained from this outstanding exchange program.” • Nimish Patel who now works as a systems analyst for the Bank of Montreal in Agincourt, Ontario, and participated in the Waterloo/Tottori exchange program in 1988, says that the experience “Provided a deep and rich appreciation and respect for the culture mosaic that influences our lives.” 22 PERSONAL SUCCESS STORIES (Cont’d) • Adrienne Law completed the survey while she was still completing her undergraduate degree in Systems Design Engineering. For her workterm experience in Japan in 1998, she worked as a computer programmer for geographical information systems for the company, Nihon Suido Consultants. Ms. Law states, “I benefited from the exchange program in gaining a world perspective as well as learning about the Japanese culture, social structures and economy…. The welcome to Tottori University by faculty and students was very warm. International students are very well supported by the community.” 23 PERSONAL SUCCESS STORIES (Cont’d) • James F. Kilpatrick is a partner in the firm Deloitte Consulting, located in Toronto, and specializes in management consulting with a focus on supply chain management. He was with the first group of Waterloo students to go to Tottori University in 1988, and states in his survey response, “I grew tremendously and learned a lot about the world. I gained a broader perspective and learned how to deal with new and unique situations.” 24 MICHAEL POSSMAYER • Went to Japan as part of the Tottori / Waterloo Exchange Program in 1992 to study his 3A term at Tottori University and work in Japanese industry. • Graduated from the University of Waterloo with a Bachelor’s of Applied Science Degree in Systems Design Engineering in May 1994. • From May to August 1997, he spent a semester at Kyoto University as part of his Master’s program in Systems Design Engineering. • After he received his Master’s degree in May 1998, Michael went to Pakistan to work on rural energy and water development problems. 25 ANNA ZYZNIEWSKI • From April to December 1997, went to Japan under the auspices of the Tottori / Waterloo Exchange Program to study her 3A term at Tottori University and work in Japanese industry. • Graduated from the University of Waterloo in May 1998 with a Bachelor’s of Applied Science Degree in Civil Engineering. • From September 1999 to August 2000 carried out research at Kyoto University on the topic of modeling tradeble greenhouse gas emissions. • Finished her Master’s degree in Systems Design Engineering in May 2001. • Now working with Natural Resources Canada in Ottawa. 26 TOMOO AOKI AND KOZUO UEZUMI • Studied at Waterloo from September 1991 to April 1992 as part of their Master’s degree programs. • Completed Master’s degrees in 1993 in Social Systems Engineering at Tottori University. Hired by international consulting firms based in Japan Tomoo Aoki is with Nihon Koei Consultant, Tokyo, specializing in infrastructure planning and management. Conducts his business in English in the Middle East and Southern Asia. Kazuo Uezumi works for Central Consultants International of Tokyo and builds port facilities in Southeast Asia, Pacific Islands, and the Black Sea. Conducting his business in English. 27 CANADIANS WORKING IN JAPAN • Ian Clarke and Kerry Chow participated in the Waterloo / Tottori Exchange Program in 1993. • Received their Bachelor’s of Applied Science Degree in Systems Design Engineering from the University of Waterloo in 1995. • Ian Clarke is employed as an engineer in the systems design department of the Seiko Epson Corporation, Hirooka Office in Shoji City, Nagano Prefecture. Ian would like to start a Canadian company linked to Japan. • Kenny Chow is working for the Tokyo Branch of the Bank of Montreal. Both students use Japanese and English in their work. 28 CANADIANS WORKING IN JAPAN (Cont’d) • Bryam Mark and Daniol Kenny are working for HSBC Securities Japan Limited in Tokyo. • Kris Jubandhu is employed by Fusion Consulting in Tokyo. Use both English and Japanese at work. 29 PROFESSOR T.E. UNNY CONFERENCES • “ACADEMIC FATHER” OF THE CANADIAN-JAPANESE CONNECTIONS • Stochastic and Statistical methods in Hydrology and Environmental Engineering: an International Conference in Honour of Professor T.E. Unny held at the University of Waterloo from June 21-23, 1993. • Japanese colleagues continued the spirit of the Unny conference by hosting the memorable “International Conference on Water Resources and Environmental Research (ICWRER): Towards the 21st Century” at the Heisan Kaikan in Kyoto from October 29-31, 1996. • ICWRER in Brisbane, Australia (July 6-8, 1999). • ICWRER in Dresden, Germany (July 22-26, 2002). • ICWRER in Adelaide, Australia (April 15-17, 2008). 30 IEEE SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS (SMC) SOCIETY • Special sessions on “Conflict and Risk Analysis in Systems Management” held at every Annual IEEE International Conference on SMC since 1991. • IEEE SMC Conferences held in Canada (Vancouver in 1995 and Montreal in 2007). • IEEE SMC Conference held in Tokyo in 1999. • Japanese and Canadian researchers participate in these special sessions. 31 REFERENCES • Hipel, K.W., Okada, N., and Fukuyama, K.: The internationalization of engineering education: a tale of two countries, IEEE Transactions Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol.33, No.1, pp.137-148, 2003. • Fukuyama, K., Okada, N., and Hipel, K.W.: Internationalization of engineering education through exchange programs, Journal of the Japanese Society for Engineering Education, Vol.53, No.2, pp.36-42, 2005 32 33 AHUPUA’A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN HAWAII 34 HAWAIIAN EXPRESSIONS RELATED TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Ahupua’a − from the mountain top to the sea Aloha − respect Laulima − cooperation Malama − stewardship Lokahi − balance 35 COLLAPSE OF THE MAOI CIVILIZATION ON EASTER ISLAND Deforestation caused by overpopulation and poor land management led to the extinction of the Maoi around 1680. The Maoi people erected large stone statues throughout Easter Island from 1400 to 1680. However, the Maoi failed to abide by the concept of sustainable development. Easter Island was discovered by the Dutch explorer Jacob Roggereen in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean on Easter Sunday in 1722. 36 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NEW ZEALAND The Maori of New Zealand practice sustainable development. Kaitiakitanga is a holistic approach that ensures balance and harmony with nature for the sake of future generations. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69