A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
How did World War II change U.S. society? How does the story of the Atlanta teacher demonstrate the
social stresses underway in the South in the 1950s / 1960s?
Examine the quote from MLK on this page (1955) and the evidence on page 3 of this study guide. What
are 4 different approaches expressed in this evidence to achieving equal civil rights? Which of them is
like Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise speech and W.E.B. DuBoi’s Souls of Black Folk ??
The Civil Rights Movement
Mechanization of Cotton Farming
Results for southern labor:
The ultimate irony arose:
Pay attention to – and remember the name – Thurgood Marshall and his strategy.
Pay attention to – and remember the name – Chief Justice Earl Warren and who appointed him.
1954 - Hernandez v. Texas
_______ - Brown vs. Topeka
Board of Education
For discussion: Consider Martin Luther King, Jr.’s statement in 1955: “In our protest there will be no cross
burnings. No white person will be taken from his home by a hooded Negro mob and brutally murdered.” “If we protest
courageously, and yet with dignity and Christian love … when the future history books are written, somebody will have to say, ‘There
lived a race of people, of black people, of people who had the moral courage to stand up for their rights.”
What does he want you to understand?
______ - Montgomery Bus
Boycott
Court rules:
Results for Martin Luther King, Jr.:
____ - Pres. Eisenhower
orders federal troops to
take control of AR
National Guard
To do what?
Result:
From 1955-59:
For discussion: What strategies are being used by the civil rights activists?
Page 1
A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
A Movement Becomes a Crusade
Who said this? When?
“The waitress looked at me as if I
were from outer space.”
Where was he?
What was this about?
Define SCLC:
Define CORE:
Define SNCC:
Define “freedom rides”:
The reaction they got:
Pay attention to the political dilemma facing President John F. Kennedy and his Attorney General Robert
F. Kennedy
_______ - SNCC shifts to voter
registration
Pay attention to James Meredith and University of Mississippi and what happened to him there.
President Kennedy throws his
support behind a strong civil
rights bill to end segregation and
protect black voters.
_______ - March on Washington
_______ - JFK is assassinated
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Pay attention to the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X, and the Nation’s view of integration.
“Black Power”
Who said this?
Why?
Define the “Black Panthers”:
“We won because we made them
pay attention to us.”
1964 Harlem & Rochester NY riots
1965 Watts riots
1966 Chicago
1967 Newark & Detroit
Who said this and when?
What point was the speaker making?
For discussion: How does this show the difference between urban
blacks and Martin Luther King’s SCLC?
For discussion: What’s the crusade? What divisions were there in the “civil rights movement”? Compare
Martin Luther King’s approach to the approach of urban blacks. Why the difference? (Hint: remember the
impact of urbanization on blacks).
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A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
Consider the following evidence. How does it demonstrate the differences between the approaches to
racial equality and does it demonstrate any change over time?
April 16, 1963 MY DEAR FELLOW CLERGYMEN: … I “This is the 27th I have been arrested-I ain’t going
am in Birmingham because injustice is here.
to jail no more. We have been saying ‘freedom’ for
… it is … unfortunate that the city's white
six years and we ain’t got nothin’. What we gonna
power structure left the Negro community
start saying now is Black Power! Black Power!
with no alternative … You speak of our
What do we want? Black Power!”
activity in Birmingham as extreme. … [But] I
--Stokely Carmichael, June, 1966
have tried to stand between the forces of
the "do-nothingism" of the complacent and
“Integration … has been based on complete
the hatred and despair of the black
acceptance of the fact that in order to have a
nationalist. For there is the more
decent house or education, blacks must move into a
excellent way of love and nonviolent
white neighborhood or send their children to a white
protest. I am grateful to God that, through
school." This reinforces, among both black and
the influence of the Negro church, the way
of nonviolence became an integral part of
white, the idea that "white" is automatically better
our struggle. … The Negro has many pent-up
and "black" is by definition inferior. This is why
resentments and frustrations, and he must
integration is a subterfuge for the maintenance of
release them. So let him march; let him make white supremacy.
prayer pilgrimages to the city hall; let him The need for psychological equality is the reason
go on freedom rides-and try to understand
why SNCC today believes that blacks must organize
why he must do so. If his repressed emotions
in the black community.
are not released in nonviolent ways, they
Black people do not want to "take over" this
will seek expression through violence; this
country. They don't want to "get whitey"; they just
is not a threat but a fact of history.
want to get him off their backs … They want to be
in his place because that is where a decent life can
--Martin Luther King, Jr. “Letter from
be had.”
Birmingham Jail.”
-- Stokely Carmichael, September, 1966
“I’m still a Muslim, but my philosophy is black
nationalism … black nationalism is designed to
encourage our people, the black people, to gain
complete control over the politics and the politicians
of our own people.
… [economically] black nationalism means we
should gain economic control over the economy of
our own community, the businesses and the other
things which create employment so that we can
provide jobs for our own people instead of having to
picket and boycott and beg someone else for a job.
… [socially] black nationalism means that we feel
that it is time to get together among our own kind
and eliminate the evils that are destroying the
moral fiber of our society, like drug addiction,
drunkenness, adultery that leads to an abundance
of bastard children, welfare problems. ...to lift the
level of our own society to a higher level wherein
we will be satisfied [without] pushing ourselves into
other societies where we are not wanted. . . .
-- Malcolm X, 1964
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A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society
_______ - The Other America is
published
Author:
Thesis:
_______ - Economic Opportunity
Act
Election of 1964 – Candidates and major platform issues
Democrats
Republicans
(what about LBJ led to the
“Great Society”)
The Great Society
1964
Elementary&Secondary
School Act which:
1964 -Medicare and
Medicaid which:
The Immigration Act of
1965 which:
Rachel Carlson’s Silent Spring,
1962 
1964 ___________________
LBJ also raised ________,
aided ___ _____, developed
_______ ______, and got
Congress to pass the
a)
b)
Page 4
And the verdict on the ‘great’ society is
…
1.
2.
3.
… “The tradition of liberalism prevailed”
and, voila, see graphs below …
A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
For discussion: Can you define the “Great Society” ??
For discussion: What was happening to Poverty 1960-65? What was happening to Public Expenditures
1960-1980? When did the “Great Society” begin? What happened to the poverty rate 1965-1980?
For discussion: does this evidence corroborate or refute Davidson et al.’s analysis of the results of the
Great Society?
Complete the statement in the first column. In the middle column, list 6 Supreme Court cases of the
“Warren Court” that came AFTER the Brown decision, date and define them, and then in the third column,
write the general result.
Eisenhower had appointed Earl
Warren to the Supreme Court.
Once on the Court, Warren …
Davidson calls the Warren Court a center for liberal reform. Based on the Warren Court’s rulings above,
what would you say is “liberal reform.”
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A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
The Counter Culture
___________, white, __________ students are trained for Freedom Summer in Mississippi by activists
from _____________.
Who was revolting against liberal solutions and society’s conventions:
Disillusionment with the ______________ led Tom Hayden and others to form ______________ for a
__________________ ____________. SDS believed that _____________ was the route to change;
their tactics would be: _____________, ________________, _______________, and direct
confrontation. (Occupy Wall Street, anyone?)
Consider this from the Port Huron Statement, 1962: Highlight evidence of disillusionment; circle evidence
of SDS being influenced by the Civil Rights movement; underline evidence of SDS’s solutions.
“We are people of this generation, bred in at least modest comfort, housed now in universities, looking
uncomfortably to the world we inherit … [we see] human degradation, symbolized by the Southern struggle against
racial bigotry, compelled most of us from silence to activism. Second, the enclosing fact of the Cold War,
symbolized by the presence of the Bomb, brought awareness that we and millions of “others” might die at any
time.
… The declaration "all men are created equal …” rang hollow before the facts of Negro life in the South and the
big cities of the North. … While two-thirds of mankind suffers undernourishment, our own upper classes revel
amidst [needless] abundance.
… we seek the establishment of a democracy of individual participation … decision-making of basic social
consequence be carried on by public groupings … A “New Left” must be distributed throughout the country. …
consisting of younger people who matured in the postwar world, and partially be directed to the recruitment of
younger people. The university is an obvious beginning point.
… A new left must include liberals and socialists, the former for their relevance, the latter for their sense of
thoroughgoing reforms in the system. The university is a more sensible place than a political party for [this] …
A new left must start controversy across the land, if national policies and national apathy are to be reversed.”
For discussion: what campus / city seemed to be at the center of a lot of this reform?
Consider the following series of events (not in your text):
University of California at Berkeley, 1964
September 10: “…we call for open, fierce rebellion on campus …the University does not deserve loyalty from
you … ORGANIZE AND SPLIT THIS CAMPUS WIDE OPEN! … Go to the Top. Make your demands …If they
refuse: start a program of agitation, petitioning, rallies, CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE.” -- letter by "a former
student" in Slate Supplement
September 16: "As the students become more aware of America's social problems, and come to take an
active part in their solution, the University moves the other way to prevent the exposure of any new creative
political solutions to the problems …”
September 30: The Free Speech Movement at Berkeley demands: 1) Freedom to advocate off-campus
political and social action. 2) Freedom to recruit for off-campus political organizations. 3) Freedom to raise
funds for off-campus political causes. 4) Freedom from harassment and the presence at meetings of tenured
faculty moderators and police.
December 2: Approximately 1,000 students and activists packed Sproul Hall (a University Building) following
a huge rally. At that rally, student leader Mario Savio states: "There is a time when the machine makes you
so sick at heart, that you can't take part; you've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels,
and you've got to make it stop. And you've got to indicate to the people who run it, that unless you're free,
the machines will be prevented from working at all."

What movement is this talking about that Davidson mentions?; Who leads that movement?

Highlight evidence of this movement being influenced by the Civil Rights Movement AND Port Huron Statement.
What caused YAF to form?
Define the YAF:
Pope summons the church to a
council
______ - Vatican II
During the sixties – The
Counterculture
______ - Bob Dylan becomes the
quintessential folk artist
Page 6
Note that Barry Goldwater
“embodied” their beliefs.
A.P. U. S. History, Chapter 29: Civil Rights and Uncivil Liberties, Study Guide
______ - Seargent Peppers’
Lonely Hearts Club Band
______ - The first “Be In”
Describe it:
San Fran becomes:
Daily Lives: The Politics of Dress What was considered to be fashionable in the 1960s?
New fashions represented what:
Fashion had become:
How?
Why did fashion finally cease to show political distinctions?
“Much that had once seemed outrageous in the hippie
_____ Woodstock heralds the end of the counter- world was readily absorbed into the marketplace …
culture. What else sort of swallowed it up?
ironically, much of the world that hippies forged was
co-opted by the society they rejected.”
Proving, my friends, that the Market is King.
Discussion: What was the counterculture countering? If the counterculture wanted to stick it to The Man,
who was The Man? How did they stick it to him?
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