Housing Stability:
A Key Factor in Addressing Community-Wide Prosperity
Building Our Future:
Now is the Time for Equitable Growth
MN Coalition for the Homeless
Conference
Sept 15, 2014
Outline for Today’s Presentation
Ending Homelessness is more than Housing!
1. Overview of a new effort in Ramsey County
– related to Community-wide Prosperity
2. Ramsey County’s looking at the drivers for
homelessness in new ways (homelessness
and concentrated poverty are linked)
3. The model can be applied to other areas of
the state
2
An Economic Prosperity Model for Ramsey County
This Region – County – City – Neighborhood model will be used
as a reference point throughout the workshop
The Ramsey County community is represented by everything within the heptagon,
and it should aspire to grow as fast as or faster than the Region growing around it.
3
An Indicator of Economic Prosperity
The assets available to use as the basis for current and future
consumption and investment
People
Land
(Human
Capital)
(Natural
Capital)
Why is it Important?
• Serves as an indicator of the
current strength of a
jurisdiction.
Capital
(Physical
Capital)
• Greater prosperity spread
across all three circles indicates
greater resiliency and potential
for future growth.
In this section we will examine people,
land, and capital.
• Contributes to preemptively
addressing areas of risk.
4
A Closer Look at
People
within Ramsey County
Future economic prosperity requires an educated, trained
and available workforce.
County
Population
Anoka
333,140
Carver
92,638
Dakota
402,006
Hennepin
Scott
1,168,431
132,556
Washington
241,280
Ramsey
514,696
Metro Area TOTAL
2,884,747
Ramsey as % of Metro
17.8 %
Source: US Census 2011 American Community Survey
Ramsey County is the second most populous county in the Region with
more than half a million residents.
5
A Closer Look at
People
within Ramsey County
174,996 people
Census 2010 and Minnesota Population Projections by Race and Hispanic Origin, 2005 to 2035.
Ramsey County is and will remain significantly more racially diverse than the
Region, meaning that ongoing, race-based disparities will have a greater impact.
6
A Closer Look at
People
within Ramsey County
A highly educated workforce builds a sustainable, resilient
economy and presents new growth opportunities for businesses
High School Graduate and Above
97%
96%
95%
94%
93%
92%
91%
90%
89%
88%
87%
86%
96%
95%
95%
32,635
residents 25+
without HS
degree
90%
94%
93%
92%
Anoka
Carver
Dakota
Hennepin
Scott
Washington
Ramsey
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2011
The lower educational attainment levels of today’s workforce of residents (aged
25+) is a short-term risk for economic growth and resiliency. Workers without at
least some college experience were significantly more likely to lose their job during
the recent recession and continue to disproportionately struggle today.
7
A Closer Look at
People
within Ramsey County
“There is a widespread belief that learning is the core factor [that
increases] human capital.”
- 2009 OECD World Forum on Statistics, Knowledge and Policy
Countywide Proficiency Data 2013
8th Grade
Math Proficiency
Anoka
59%
Carver
77%
Dakota
61%
Hennepin
58%
Scott
67%
Washington
71%
Ramsey
51%
Metro Area AVERAGE
60%
Diff from Metro
The chart shows that there are
medium-term risks to ensuring that
Ramsey County’s citizens are
prepared to thrive in an economy
increasingly featuring technical, highwage careers.
-9
MN COMPASS. Compiled from the MN Dept of Education. 2013.
8
A Closer Look at
People
within Ramsey County
“There is a widespread belief that learning is the core factor [that
increases] human capital.”
- 2009 OECD World Forum on Statistics, Knowledge and Policy
Countywide Proficiency Data 2013
3rd Grade Reading
Proficiency
Anoka
60%
Carver
69%
Dakota
63%
Hennepin
55%
Scott
62%
Washington
64%
Ramsey
44%
Metro Area AVERAGE
57%
Diff from Metro
The chart shows that there are Longterm risks to ensuring that Ramsey
County’s citizens are prepared to
thrive in an economy increasingly
featuring technical, high-wage
careers.
-13
MN COMPASS. Compiled from the MN Dept of Education. 2013.
9
A Closer Look at
People
within Ramsey County
Compounding factors of race and low-income and is an issue for
our entire community.
St Paul School Enrollment Data
SPPS Grade Level
(34,489 Students)
Students of
Color
Free/Reduced
Price Lunch
Elementary
76%
74%
Junior High
76%
73%
Senior High
80%
75%
Saint Paul Public Schools 2012 Enrollment Data
Saint Paul Children’s Collaborative Master Youth Plan Baseline Data 2012
10
Recap
People
within Ramsey County
1. Large urban population of over a half a million people.
2. Lower educational attainment for adults 25+ puts pressure
on job growth
3. Lower education achievement among current students
reduces future job growth potential and desirability for new
residents and business
4. Disparities in educational outcomes based on race and
income will greatly impact future earnings and community
stability.
We know that homeless families are disproportionately people of color.
Students who are high mobile or homeless often suffer academic stain.
11
A Closer Look at
within Ramsey County
Land
Available land is a key prosperity factor and a predictor of future
development and economic growth
County
Land Area (acres)
Anoka
Carver
Dakota
Hennepin
Scott
269,543
226,390
362,296
353,334
224,663
Washington
Ramsey
244,980
98,410
Metro Area TOTAL
1,779,618
Ramsey as % of Metro Area
5.5 %
Metropolitan Council 2010 Land Use Data
Ramsey County is less than 100,000 acres in size and contains 5.5% of the
total land area in the Region.
12
A Closer Look at
within Ramsey County
Land
A diversified and balanced mix of uses is important for economic
growth and sustainability within a community.
Percent Dedicated to Select Land Uses
County
Institutional Commercial &
Residential & Parks
Industrial
Finding the Right Mix
Anoka
24.8
15.6
3.8
Carver
7.1
6.6
1.2
Dakota
15.7
9.0
4.2
Land Use Type
Average Property
Tax Revenue
Collected per
$1.00 Expended
Hennepin
37.4
16.1
8.2
Institutional
$0.00
Scott
10.9
8.9
2.4
Parks
$0.00
Washington
20.7
10.9
2.7
Residential
$0.85 - $0.94
Ramsey
48.2
21.3
13.7
Commercial
$1.06 - $1.23
Metro Area AVERAGE
22.2
12.0
4.6
Industrial
$1.31 - $1.40
Difference from Average
+ 26.0
+ 9.3
+ 9.1
Saint Paul Port Authority, An Industrial Strategy for the
City of Saint Paul, 2012
Metropolitan Council 2010 Land Use Data
Ramsey County has a significantly higher proportion of its total land use dedicated
to residential purposes than other counties in the Region. This creates a unique
budgetary dynamic for the County and the cities within it, which must be carefully
considered with every redevelopment
opportunity.
13
A Closer Look at
Capital
within Ramsey County
Assessing the current and potential for future capital land base
provides a measure of capital
Percent of Total Land Available for Current and Future Capital Use
Ramsey
Current Capital Base:
Commercial &
Industrial
Washin…
Scott
Available for Future
Growth: Agricultural &
Undeveloped
Henne…
Dakota
Carver
Anoka
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Metropolitan Council 2010 Land Use Data
Ramsey County has a strong capital base when measured as a percent of its total
available land, but future expansion is limited. The intensity of use on available
capital land therefore matters more than in any other county within the Region.
14
A Closer Look at
Capital
within Ramsey County
Current employment figures are an indicator of the presence of
capital from which future economic prosperity can occur
County Employment Figures
Total
Employment
Employment Per Square
Mile
Anoka
111,085
264
Carver
33,822
96
Dakota
173,099
306
Hennepin
839,236
1,520
Scott
41,683
119
Washington
73,814
193
Ramsey
317,787
2,067
Just
because
there are
jobs here,
does not
mean that
residents
are filling
those jobs.
Employmenyt and Wages-QCEW 2012,, Metropolitan Council 2010 Land Use Inventory
Ramsey County is one of three main employment centers in the Region
(Downtown Mpls., Downtown St. Paul, and the Airport). This is a strength from
which the County can build with future investments that leverage its comparatively
strong employment per square mile figure.
15
Prosperity Means Opportunity for Everyone
In order to successfully cultivate economic prosperity, we must
ensure that everyone in our community can take advantage of
opportunities to grow and succeed.
Employment
“Life is lived in a web
Education
Investment
Housing
of
opportunity.
Only if
we address all of the
mutually reinforcing
constraints on opportunity
can we expect to make real
progress.”
Capacity
- Dr. John Powell
Chair, Civil Rights & Civil
Liberties - Moritz College of
Law, Ohio State University
In this section we will focus on
neighborhoods resiliency factors to
assess the web of opportunity.
16
Housing
Opportunity Through
Neighborhood income patterns reflect policy and programs
Subsidized Housing Units per 1,000 Acres, 2012
250
Subsidized Units per Acre
200
Subsidized Units per 1,000 Housing Units, 2012
120
Housing Choice
Voucher per
1,000 acres
215
100
Location Based,
HUD plus LIHTC
per 1,000 acres
80
150
Housing Choice
Voucher per 1,000
housing units
97
Location Based,
HUD plus LIHTC per
1,000 housing units
2012 (1 year)
62
60
90
100
40
35
30
28
Anoka
Carver
26
26
Scott
Washington
50
14
4
20
15
6
10
Scott
Washington
0
Anoka
Carver
Dakota
Hennepin
Ramsey
0
Dakota
Hennepin
Ramsey
Location Based Housing Includes: HUD Public Housing, Mod Rehab, Section 8 NC/SR, Section 236 and Multi-Family Other Programs Plus Low Income Housing Tax Credits
Data: US HUD Picture of Subsidized Housing 2010 (2010 Geography); Metro 2010 Land Use Data; ACS 2012 1 year Total Housing Units
Ramsey County has, by a wide margin, the Region’s highest rates for voucher and location-based
affordable housing.
This heavy concentration of units, without similar concentrations of investments to increase a
neighborhood’s web of opportunity, has the effect of increasing financial poverty within neighborhoods
while also limiting housing choices for residents throughout the Region.
17
Housing
Opportunity Through
Anoka
2,792
Carver
499
1,035
336,414
500
93,707
1,223
405,088
6,381
1,184,576
6,066
520,152
403
135,152
1,142
244,088
16,750
2,919,177
All HUD Units
8.300
5.324
10.756
21.490
28.991
6.304
5.256
17.237
LIHTC
3.077
5.336
3.019
5.387
11.662
2.982
4.679
5.738
All HUD Units
LIHTC (Low Income Housing Tax
Credits)
Population
Dakota
Hennepin
4,357
25,456
Ramsey
15,080
Scott
Washington
852
1,283
TOTAL
50,319
Units per 1,000 residents
Summary of All HUD Programs
Public Housing
Housing Choice Vouchers
Mod Rehab
Section 8 NC/SR
Section 236
Multi-Family Other
LIHTC
Subsidized Housing as a Percent of Housing Units in 2012, by
Poverty Level in Census Tracts
HUD 35%
units
listed
30%
above
6.2%
Housing Choice Vouchers
25%
20%
Location Based Subsidized Units,
including LIHTC
15%
Areas with extreme poverty
have over one-third of the
housing units as subsidized
housing, and a very large
proportion are location
based units.
27.0%
10%
5%
0%
4.8%
2.7%
4.3%
Ramsey County
6.6%
High Poverty
Extreme Poverty
Data sources: HUD Picture of Subsidized Housing 2012 (2010 Geography
ACS 2011 5 year data.
18
Opportunity Through
Investment
Opportunity Through
20
Investment
How does this affect our efforts to prevent
and end homelessness
• Housing solves homelessness for the individual household
• Only broader investment alleviates the concentration of
poverty that greatly increases the risk of return to
homelessness.
21
Our homeless response focuses on housing
Which is appropriate because the solution to
homelessness is housing.
Employment
Education
Investment
Housing
Capacity
22
End Homelessness
• But the key to ending homelessness is healthy communities
with opportunity that is equitably spread.
• Community investment strategies that provide:
transportation, employment, child care, and good schools
where they are lacking.
• Strategies focused on building workforce skills and
connections to work.
• Land use strategies that promote positive mobility and
healthy options and choices for everyone.
23
Housing meets some needs but not all
• Housing may isolate rather than provide community
• Crime and gang activity in the neighborhood can create great
stress
• Neighborhood may provide few or no connections for jobs
• Parent might perceive that area schools are substandard
• Shopping for food and other necessities may be difficult,
with local options overly expensive
24
How do we expand our reach
• Moving from housing that resolves an episode of
homelessness that becomes a foundation for healthy
stability.
• Housing is Fundamental
• Without housing it is much more difficult to:
Find a job
Keep a job
Child attending school and learning
Maintain healthy lifestyle (eat and sleep well)
Cope with the effects of trauma, depression, substance
abuse.
Keep a family intact
Plan for the future
Have hope for the future 25
Finding the Bridge from Homeless Solution
to Housing Stability
• Cont of Care Regulations
 Consolidated Plan
 Public Housing Plan
 Community Education Plan
• Why is this important?
• Comprehensive Plan includes:
 Land use
 Transportation
 Parks and Rec
 Housing
 Historic Preservation
 Water Resources
26
Finding the Bridge from Homeless Solution
to Housing Stability
•
•
Consolidated Plan includes:
 Housing and Homeless needs assessment
 Housing and market analysis
 Strategic Plan
 Action Plan
Role of CoC
• Drafting Language
• Ensuring Public Participation
• Public Education
http://portal.hud.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_
offices/comm_planning/about/conplan/local/mn#state
27
Discussing the Presentation
Comments and Questions:
• What do you think are key factors for helping address
concentrated poverty?
• What are some things your agency or CoC could be doing in
your local community?
• Other questions or comments?
28
Thank You for Participating
Information presented by:
Carol Zierman, Senior Policy Analyst, Ramsey County Manager’s Office
carol.zierman@co.ramsey.mn.us
651-266-8004
Jim Anderson, Homeless and Low-Income Services Planner, Community Human Services
Jim.anderson@co.ramsey.mn.us
651-266-4116
www.RCprosperity.org