Fingerprinting Review Sheet:
1. What is dactylscopy? the study of fingerprints
2. What is another name for friction ridges? dermal ridges
3. When you look at a fingerprint, what part is the valley of the fingerprint? the white space or the part that does not actually make the print
4. Name the three layers of the skin. Which is the outermost layer? epidermis, dermis, basal layer
5. Who is William West and why is he significant? the Wests were two men who looked almost exactly alike that were both at a prison. They had a hard time identifying them until they used their fingerprints which were very different – after this incident fingerprinting became more of a common practice
6. Type of sweat gland that leaves latent fingerprints? eccrine
7. Type of sweat gland that is associated with hair follicles? apocrine
8. Who are the two men responsible for developing a classification system for fingerprints? Galton and Henry
9. Name 3 things that AFIS does – electronic storage of fingerprints, electronic exchange of fingerprints, automoated fingerprint searches
11. Define delta – the triangular area found in all loop and whorl patters
12. If a fingerprint does not have a delta or a core, then we know it is an____arch_______. From there, we say it is ___tented_________ if it has a spike in the middle, and if there is no spike then we just say it is a
______plain_____ __arch___________. If a loop opens towards the thumb, then it is __radial loop__________
__. If it opens towards the pinky, then it is ____ulnar loop____________. A loop will have __one_______ core and ____one_____ delta. However, a ____whorl________ has at least two _____deltas______ and one or two
___cores____________. You can tell that a _____whorl_______ is plain by connecting a line between the two
__deltas____________. If it __cross the curved ridgelines________________________ then it is plain, if it does not then it is ___central __________ _____pocket______________. A ______double ________
___loop__________ ___whorl____________ is any two loops combined into one print.
13. _____minutia_____________ are ridge endings, bifurcations, enclosures, and other ridge details
14. While the FBI hasn’t found anybody with more than __8___ minutia, you need __12_____ to prove that a fingerprint is the same in court.
15. What is a latent print? caused by the transfer of body oils and other substances onto a surface
Ninhydrin Cyanoacrylate Silver Nitrate Iodine Fuming
Surface(s)
Procedure
Paper paper is dipped or sprayed in ninhydrin and then you have to wait 24 hours plastic, metal, glass, and skin
Heat the sample in a vapor tent wood, styrofoam paper, cardboard, and unpainted surfaces object is dipped or sprayed in silver nitrate
In a vapor tent, heat the solid iodine crystals
Chemical
Reaction
Appearance reacts with amino acids found in sweat reacts with amino acids purple/blue white reacts with chloride found in sweat to form silver chloride appears black or brown under UV light combines with carbohydrates in a latent print brown

Advantages or Disadv. disad – must wait 24 hrs. have to wait and view under UV light. will fade if left in the open air