意象和情绪
Image and Mood
Image
The image of person, scene, action, or
object, is at the heart of poetry.
 Vivid with sights, sounds, smells,
sensations of taste and touch.
 A poet thinks by means of his images or
through his images.
 Image in poetry is never just description,
but a fusion of thought, feeling, image.

Mood
Mood: a state of the feelings at a particular time.
情绪，心绪
 Emotion:
strong feelings of the human spirit. 情感
 Feelings: the part of a person’s nature that feels,
compared to the part that thinks.总称, 感受
 Sentiments:
tender feelings of pity, love
Man is an emotional animal. Eskimo’s Snow

Poetry＝Image＋Mode

Poetry is to explore the vast possibility of
individual feelings in a certain images.

我们的所有情感和感受或许都已经被诗人吟唱
过了，但每个时代都会, 也必须能够发现这个
时代所特有的fresh image来表达这些情感。

我们读诗时，打动我们的正是新鲜别致的意象
和微妙丰富的情感。
A bird is sitting on a branch
Image：Concrete and Particular
Mood: Lonely，bleak, desolate
 Image: A bird sitting on a branch
A bird
species:
sparrow, eagle, crow, lark, nightingale
color:
red, black,
size:
huge，small

the branch
branch： twig，bough
type：elm，willow，oak
color: dark or green
leafy or leafless
the specific time
early morning, dawn,
evening, twilight, dusk, noon,
Our own poetry
A bird is sitting on a branch.
 A big crow is sitting on a dark branch in
the twilight.
 A big crow is sitting
On a dark branch
In the twilight.

A crow is perched
Upon a leafless withered bough—
The autumn dusk.
Haiku：17 syllables 俳句
bough: lit. a main branch of a tree
dusk: less bright, twilight
Contents

Image, imagery
One dominant image
many images

Association of images and moods
One Dominant Image
The apparition of these faces in the
crowd;
Petals on a wet, black bough.
In a Station of the Metro, Ezra Pound
Apparition：幽灵
Metro：subway，地铁

Haiku form

Contrast implied

Metaphor： 暗喻
Simile：明喻
“花朵在楼道里穿行”
“Daffodils” by Wordsworth
I wander’d lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the Milky Way,
They stretch’d in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
The waves beside them danced, but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay
In such a jocund company!
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
New words

Vales (lit.) a broad low valley.

Flutter: the wings of a bird move quickly and
lightly, an object to move by waving quickly and
lightly, a flag, dead leaves, one’s heart, eyelashes

Sprightly: cheerful, lively, active

Pensive: deeply or sadly thoughtful
Images and Mood
Images:
Daffodils
 Rhetoric device:
Comparison
Simile: 明喻
personification：拟人
 Mood：

Many Images
The year’s at the spring,
And day’s at the morn;
Morning’s at seven;
The hillside’s dew-pearled;
The lark’s on the wing;
The snail’s on the thorn;
God’s in His Heaven—
All’s right with the world!
“Pippa’s Song” by Robert Browning
Images: unifying theme, consistent
Hillside, lark, snail, God.
“The snail is on the thorn”
“The bloom is on the thorn”

Mood
Pippa: A poor girl working in the silk mill.
Optimism

Lark and Snail


Lark: as cheerful as a lark, singing all the time.
Snail: crawling upon the ground
Mood
Implication
 Interpretation
Observer, author
 “The Crow”: implication
 “The Metro”, “Daffodils”:
implication and interpretation
 “Dust of Snow”:
interpretation against implication

“Dust of Snow” by Robert Frost
The way a crow
Shook down on me
The dust of snow
From a hemlock tree
Has given my heart
A change of mood
And saved some part
Of a day I had rued.
A hemlock tree
Image

Symbolic meaning of crow, snow and
hemlock
crow: not a cheerful bird
hemlock: poison, Socrates

Unpleasant being touched by the snow
shaken down by a crow from a hemlock
tree.
Change of Mood

Change of mood:
from unpleasant to pleasant or vice versa?
“The Sun Has Set” by Emily Bronte
The sun has set, and the long grass now
waves dreamily in the evening wind;
And the wild bird has flown from the old
gray stone
In some warm nook a couch to find.
In all the lonely landscape round
I see no light and hear no sound,
Except the wind that far away
Come sighing o’er the heathy sea.
New words

Nook: a sheltered warm place

Heath: 石南
Heath and York More
“The Eagle” by Tennyson
He clasps the crag with crooked hands;
Close to the sun in lonely lands,
Ringed with the azure world, he stands.
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;
He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
Questions
Do the images appeal to the sense of sight,
hearing, taste, touch or smell?
 Does the poem depend on a single image or
a variety of images?
 What mood do the image create?
 Are the image static or in movement?
 How do the images help to convey its theme?
 IS the image symbolic?

Cavalry Crossing a Ford
A line in long array where they wind betwixt green islands,
They take a serpentine course, their arms flash in the
sun—hark to the musical clank,
Behold the silvery river, in it the splashing horses stop to
drink,
Behold the brown-faced men, each group, each person a
picture, the negligent rest on the saddles,
Some emerge on the opposite bank, others are just entering
the ford—while，
Scarlet and blue and snowy white,
The guidon flags gayly in the wind.