Chemistry
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Properties of Matter
> Learning Target
I can describe the properties of
matter.
I can discuss the states of
matter.
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Properties of Matter
> Vocabulary
Mass
Volume
Extensive property
Intensive property
Substance
Physical property
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Describing Matter
Describing Matter
How can properties used to describe
matter be classified?
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Describing Matter
Properties used to describe matter can
be classified as extensive or intensive.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Describing Matter
Extensive Properties
• The mass of an object is a measure of the
amount of matter the object contains.
• The volume of an object is a measure of the
space occupied by the object.
• An extensive property is a property that
depends on the amount of matter in a
sample.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Describing Matter
Intensive Properties
An intensive property is a
property that depends on the
type of matter in a sample, not
the amount of matter. The
hardness of a bowling ball is
an example of an intensive
property.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
Identifying Substances
Why do all samples of a substance
have the same intensive properties?
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
Matter that has a uniform and definite
composition is called a substance. These kettles
are mainly copper. Copper is an example of a
substance.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
This sculpture of a
falcon is made of gold.
Gold is an example of a
substance.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
Every sample of a given substance has
identical intensive properties because
every sample has the same composition.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
A physical property is a quality or condition of a
substance that can be observed or measured
without changing the substance’s composition.
Hardness, color, conductivity, and malleability
are examples of physical properties.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Identifying Substances
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
States of Matter
What are three states of matter?
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Three states of matter are solid, liquid,
and gas.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Solids
A solid is a form of matter
that has a definite shape
and volume.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Liquid
A liquid is a form of matter
that has an indefinite
shape, flows, yet has a
fixed volume.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Gases
A gas is a form of matter
that takes both the shape
and volume of its container.
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Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Animation 1
Relate the states of matter to the
arrangements of their particles.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> States of Matter
Vapor describes the gaseous state of a
substance that is generally a liquid or
solid at room temperature, as in water
vapor.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Physical Changes
Physical Changes
How can physical changes be
classified?
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Physical Changes
During a physical
change, some properties
of a material change, but
the composition of the
material does not change.
As gallium melts in a
person’s hand, the shape
of the sample changes, but
the composition of the
material does not change.
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2.1
Properties of Matter
> Physical Changes
Physical changes can be classified as
reversible or irreversible.
• All physical changes that involve a
change from one state to another are
reversible.
• Cutting hair, filing nails, and cracking an
egg are examples of irreversible physical
changes.
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2.1 Section Quiz.
Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 2.1.
Continue to:
-or-
Launch:
Section Quiz
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2.1 Section Quiz.
1. Which of the following would be described as
an extensive property of matter?
a. temperature
b. color
c. mass
d. hardness
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2.1 Section Quiz.
2. Which properties can be observed without
changing the composition of a substance?
a. all properties of a substance
b. intensive properties
c. chemical properties
d. physical properties
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2.1 Section Quiz.
3. Match the states of matter with the following
descriptions:
(1) takes the volume and shape of its container
(2) has a definite shape and volume
(3) has a definite volume but an indefinite shape
a. (1) liquid, (2) solid and (3) gas
b. (1) gas, (2) solid, and (3) liquid
c. (1) gas, (2) liquid, and (3) solid
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END OF SHOW