US History
Midterm review
Three forms of Self-government in
the colonies
• Mayflower Compact
• Virginia House of
•
Burgess
Fundamental Orders
of Connecticut
What is Mercantilism?
• When the balance of trade is in favor of the
Mother Country
Why did the colonist object to it?
• They were not
allowed to trade with
other nations, Only
Great Britain.
What did the colonist not have in
the British Parliament?
• Representation
How did they justify their right to
revolution? What English
philosopher came up with the idea?
• Life Liberty and the
•
pursuit of happiness
were inalienable
rights
John Locke
What is meant by “ consent of the
governed” ?
• People should govern
or rule themselves
What was the great Compromise of
the Constitution?
• The agreement that
•
•
there should be two
houses of Legislature
One for population
(House of
Representatives)
One based on two
votes per state (
Senate)
List the major rights provided in the
first through the third
amendments.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Freedom of speech
Freedom of assembly
Freedom of religion
Freedom of petition
Freedom to bear arms
No quartering
(housing) soldiers
Whose rights were protected by the
4th to the 8th amendments?
• The rights of the
accused
What is Federalism?
• Power shared
between the States
and the Central
(National)
government
What are concurrent powers?
• Powers shared by the state and central
•
•
•
governments
Taxation
Charter of Banks
Transportation
What are state rights?
• Rights of the state
•
above the central
(Federal/National)
Government
High School
requirements to
graduate
What is Judicial Review
• The Supreme court can declare a law as
unconstitutional after reviewing the law
Hamilton
• Hamilton thought the
•
Federal/Central
government should
have more power
than the states.
He was a Federalist
Jefferson
• He believed the
•
opposite and thought
the states should
have more power
He was an AntiFederalist
What is the System of Checks and
Balances?
• It is the ability for
each branch to
“check” the power of
another branch to
keep no one branch
becoming too
powerful
The Three branches of the govt.
• Legislative – Congress
•
•
–House of
Representatives and
the Senate
Executive – President
& Vice- President
Judicial – Supreme
Court
Under Chief Justice Marshall , the
Supreme Court gave more power
to…
• the Central/Federal
govt
How can a President stop a bill
from becoming a Law?
• He can Veto it ( say
no)
What is the Elastic Clause?
• Congress may make
all laws deemed
necessary and proper
Sectionalism
• Breaking the country
up into sections based
on the issue of
slavery
How did the annexation of Texas
reflect Manifest Destiny?
• By adding territory on
the way west toward
the Pacific Ocean
How did Texas challenge the issue
of slavery for free states?
• The additional
territories could
change the balance of
free to slave states in
the Congress.
Who was Dred Scott and why was
he important?
• A slave who sued for
•
•
freedom because he was
taken to a free state.
He lost and the Supreme
court stated that they
could not remove a
person’s property
He was named a piece of
property as a slave
Abraham Lincoln’ main goal at the
beginning of the Civil War was…
• To unite the nation as
one country
Who was freed in the Emancipation
Proclamation?
• Only slaves in the
•
states under rebellion.
Specifically Southern
States
What were the Black codes and
how did that differ from Jim Crow?
• Black Codes were laws that restricted the rights
•
of African American during reconstruction
Jim Crow were the same basic laws after
reconstruction
Who became President in the
Compromise of 1877?
• Hayes
• He promised to take
the military out of the
south
13th Amendment
• Freed slaves
everywhere
14th Amendment
• Gave all naturalized
•
and people born in US
citizenship
Except the Native
Americans
15th Amendment
• Gave former slaves
•
the right to vote
Specifically males
What was the Homestead Act of
1862?
• It provided free land
in the west
What is a Monopoly? Trust?
• Monopoly is one
•
company that controls
an industry
A Trust is a board of
people that has
control of all the
companies in an
industry
Why did the farmers want the
currency based on silver not gold?
• It would cause
inflation and the
prices of agriculture
goods would go up.
Which third political party was
formed to answer the farmers’
concerns?
• Populist Party
Knights of Labor
• Represented all
•
workers
Skilled and Unskilled
American Federation of Labor
• Represented only the
skilled laborers who
were men
What did unions want for the
workers?
• Higher wages
• Better working
conditions
What did the Progressive Moment
want to accomplish?
• An improved society
based on morals and
values
Who were the Muckrakers?
• Journalists who
•
exposed problems in
industry
Upton Sinclair The
Jungle
• Jane Addams Hull
House
• Jacob Riis How the
other half Live
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
• US said they would
not allow any
European nation to
re-colonize a country
in the western
hemisphere.
What was the Roosevelt Corollary
that was added?
• Stated that the US
could intervene in
domestic affairs of a
country in the
western hemisphere
in order to keep out
foreign nations.
How were African Americans
treated in the South after
reconstruction?
•
•
•
•
Very poorly
Jim Crow Laws
Segregation
Terror for groups like
the KKK
What is a Melting Pot Theory?
• That immigrants
would give up their
own culture and blend
in to American culture
to create a new
society.
What is Nativism?
• When the native born
Americans now
discriminate against
the new immigrants.
Name two anti-immigration laws of
the late 19th century
• Chinese Exclusion Act
• Gentleman’s
Agreement
Why do immigrants settle in the
cities?
• More jobs available
What rights did suffragettes fight
for in the late 19th and early 20th
century?
• Women’s right to
Vote
17th Amendment
• Direct election of
senators
18th Amendment
• Prohibition of Alcohol
19th Amendment
• Women’s right to vote
What did the Meat Inspection Act
and the Food and Drug Act do?
• Regulate food and
drug production and
made them safer
Federal Reserve Act
• Regulate and control
the supply of money
Open Door Policy
• Allow free trade with
China
Yellow Journalism
• Journalist and
•
publications that
exaggerate issues
They caused the
Spanish American
War by exaggerating
the problems in Cuba
Imperialism by the US
• Define: When a larger country takes over a
•
smaller one
US did this in Central America and the Pacific
Territories gained after the Spanish
American War
• Puerto Rico
• Philippines
• Guam
Panama Canal
• Built to increase the
speed of travel
between US and Aisa