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1
Objectives
•To identify flowers and other floral
materials.
•To discover the botanical and common
names of flowers and other floral
materials.
•To analyze flower characteristics.
2
Main Menu
Line Flowers
Mass Flowers
Form Flowers
Filler Flowers
Foliage & Greenery
Potted Plants
3
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4
Line Flowers
• Are used as primary flowers to establish
the skeleton outline height or width of
an arrangement
5
Garden Gladiolus
• Botanical name:
Gladiolus x
hortulanus cv.
• Origin: Africa
• Color: white, pink,
salmon, yellow,
orange, red, green
and violet
6
Snapdragon
•Botanical name:
Antirrhinum majus cv.
•Origin: Mediterranean
region and Iberian
Peninsula
•Color: commonly
yellow, pink and
white; occasionally
dark pink, red, bronze
or lavender
7
Flowering Stock
• Botanical name:
Matthiola incana cv.
• Origin: North
America
• Color: white, red,
lavender and yellow
8
Tuberose
• Botanical name:
Polianthes tuberosa
• Origin: Mexico
• Color: white
9
Liatris
• Botanical name:
Liatris spicata
• Origin: North
America, Mexico and
the Bahamas
• Color: shades of
purple
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Hyacinth
• Botanical name:
Hyacinthus orientalis cv.
• Origin: southwestern
Asia, central and
southern Turkey,
northwestern Syria,
Lebanon and northern
Israel
• Color: purple, orange,
pink, white and red
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12
Mass Flowers
• Are usually single stem with large
rounded heads used inside or along the
arrangement to fill in
13
Cockscomb
• Botanical name:
Celosia argentea cv.
• Origin: tropics
• Color: crimson,
maroon and purple
14
Peony
• Botanical name:
Paeonia cv.
• Origin: Asia,
southern Europe and
western North
America
• Color: pink, purple
and white
15
Daffodil
• Botanical name:
Narcissus
pseudonarcissus cv.
• Origin: Europe,
North Africa and Asia
• Color: yellow and
white
16
Shasta Daisy
• Botanical name:
Leucanthemum x
superbum cv.
• Origin: California
• Color: white
17
French (Florist’s) Hydrangea
• Botanical name:
Hydrangea
macrophylla cv.
• Origin: Japan
• Color: blue, purple,
pink, salmon and
white
18
Common Garden Canna
• Botanical name:
Canna x generalis
• Origin: Argentina
and southern United
States
• Color: orange, pink,
yellow and red
19
Common Camellia
Click to return to
Mass
• Botanical name:
Camellia japonica
• Origin: Japan, Korea
and China
• Color: red and pink
20
Gardenia
• Botanical name:
Gardenia
jasminoides
‘Fortuniana’
• Origin: tropical and
subtropical regions of
Africa, southeast Asia,
Australia and Oceania
• Color: white and
cream
21
Hybrid Tea Rose
• Botanical name:
Rosa hybrid cv., Class
Hybrid Tea cv.
• Origin: France
• Color: red, pink,
yellow, orange and
white
22
Carnation
• Botanical name:
Dianthus caryophyllus
cv.
• Origin: Mediterranean
region
• Color: white, pink,
salmon, red, yellow,
violet and shades in
between
23
Transvaal Daisy
• Botanical name:
Gerbera jamesonii
• Origin: South
America, Africa and
Asia
• Color: white, cream,
yellow, salmon, pink,
orange and red
24
Marguerite Daisy
• Botanical name:
Argyranthemum
frutescens
• Origin: Canary Islands
• Color: white and
yellow,
white blossoms
occasionally,
commercially tinted
pink or blue
25
Florist’s Chrysanthemum
• Botanical name:
Chrysanthemum x
moriflium cv.
• Origin: Asia and
northeastern Europe
• Color: white, gold,
yellow, shades of
pink, lavender,
bronze and red
26
Marigold
• Botanical name:
Tagetes species cv.
• Origin: North and
South America
• Color: yellow and
orange
27
Zinnia
• Botanical name:
Zinnia elegans
• Origin: southwest
United States, South
America and Mexico
• Color: all colors
except blue
28
China Aster
• Botanical name:
Callistephus
chinensis
• Origin: China
• Color: white, red,
pink, lavender and
violet
29
Dutch Iris
• Botanical name: Iris
x xiphium cv.
• Origin: Spain and
Portugal
• Color: royal, yellow,
white and purple
30
Tulip
• Botanical name:
Tulipa cv.
• Origin: southern
Europe, north Africa,
Anatolia and Iran to
northwest China
• Color: red, yellow,
pink, violet and
white
31
Freesia
• Botanical name:
Freesia x hybrida
• Origin: Africa
• Color: white, orange,
yellow, pink, red and
violet
32
Shrimp Plant
• Botanical name:
Justicia brandegeana
• Origin: Mexico,
Guatemala, and
Honduras
• Color: yellow, orange
and red
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Flag (Bearded) Iris
• Botanical name: Iris x
germanica florentina
cv.
• Origin: Europe, the
Middle East and
northern Africa, Asia
and across North
America
• Color: violet, blue,
yellow and white
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35
Form Flowers
• Are used to create focal point with
unusual and distinctive shapes
36
Cattleya Orchid Hybrid
• Botanical name:
Cattleya cv.
• Origin: Costa Rica
and South America
• Color: shades of
violet, pink, white
and yellow
37
Peruvian Lily
• Botanical name:
Alstroemeria
aurantiaca
• Origin: South
America
• Color: tints of white,
pink, yellow, red,
green, orange and
mauve
38
Hybrid (Garden) Lily
• Botanical name:
Lilium x hyrbridum
cv.
• Origin: Japan and
Taiwan
• Color: waxy white,
pink or orange
39
Trumpet (Easter) Lily
• Botanical name:
Lilium longiflorum
cv.
• Origin: Japan and
Taiwan
• Color: white, pink
and salmon
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Anthurium, Flamingo Lily
• Botanical name:
Anthurium x
andraenum cv.
• Origin: South and
Central America
• Color: red, orange,
pink, salmon and
white
41
Ladyslipper Orchid
• Botanical name:
Paphiopedilum x
hybrid cv.
• Origin: North
America, Europe and
Asia
• Colors: background
colors are generally
white, yellow or green
42
Phalaenopsis (Butterfly) Orchid
• Botanical name:
Phalaenopsis cv.
• Origin: southeast
Asia
• Color: white with
yellow and orange
marking on the
throat, sometimes a
pinkish violet
43
Bird-of-Paradise
• Botanical name:
Strelitzia reginae
• Origin: South Africa
• Color: deep orange
outer petals with
deep blue inner
petals enclosed in
green outer sheath
44
Amaryllis
• Botanical name:
Hippeastrum hybrid
cv.
• Origin: South Africa
• Color: red, pink and
white
45
Daylily
• Botanical name:
Hemerocallis cv.
• Origin: Europe,
China, Japan and
Korea
• Color: yellow, pink,
red and white
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Cymbidium Orchid
• Botanical name:
Cymbidium cv.
• Origin: Asia and
northern Australia
• Color: pink, yellow,
white or green
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48
Filler Flowers
• Are flowers used to complete a design
by adding depth
49
Stephanotis
• Botanical name:
Stephanotis
floribunda
• Origin: Africa
• Color: white
50
Salvia
• Botanical name:
Salvia splendens cv.
• Origin: Central and
South America, Asia
and the
Mediterranean
• Color: purple and
red
51
Baby’s Breath
• Botanical name:
Gypsophila elegans
cv.
• Origin: Europe, Asia
and north Africa
• Color: white
52
Statice
• Botanical name:
Limonium sinuatum
• Origin: central Asia,
Mediterranean
region and the
Canary Islands
• Color: blue, violet,
mauve, white and
yellow
53
Spring Heather
• Botanical name:
Erica carnea cv.
• Origin: mountainous
areas of central and
southern Europe
• Color: purple, white
and green
54
Ageratum
• Botanical name:
Ageratum
mexicanum
• Origin: Central
America and Mexico
• Color: violet, blue,
pink and yellow
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Waxflower
• Botanical name:
Chamelaucium
uncinatum
• Origin: western
United States
• Color: white and
purple
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57
Foliage & Greenery
• Has a purpose to hide mechanics in a
floral arrangement
• Is commonly all of the green materials
in a floral arrangement
58
Silver Dollar Gum
• Botanical name:
Eucalyptus
polyanthemos
• Origin: Australia
• Color: blue green
59
Florist’s “Huckleberry”
• Botanical name:
Vaccinium ovatum
• Origin: western
Pacific Coast of the
United States and
coastal British
Columbia
• Color: shiny medium
green
60
Sprengeri “Fern”
• Botanical name:
Asparagus densiflorus
‘Sprengeri’
• Origin: South Africa
• Color: light to dark
green
61
Parlor Palm
• Botanical name:
Chamaedorea
elegans
• Origin: rainforests in
south Mexico and
Guatemala
• Color: medium green
62
Leatherleaf Fern
• Botanical name:
Rumohra
adiantiformis
• Origin: subarctic
regions of the
Northern Hemisphere
• Color: glossy medium
green textured fronds
63
English Ivy
• Botanical name:
Hedera helix cv.
• Origin: Europe and
western Asia
• Color: green
64
Wandering Jew
• Botanical name:
Zebrina pendula cv.
• Origin: South
America
• Color: green leaves
with white, pink or
purple flowers
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Astilbe
• Botanical name:
Astilbe hybrid cv.
• Origin: Asia and
North America
• Color: pink, white,
purple, red and
salmon
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67
Potted Plants
• Include many varieties and species of
plants
• Can be planted and cared for indoors or
outdoors
68
White Anthurium, Peace Lily
• Botanical name:
Spathiphyllum
clevelandii
• Origin: northern
South America
• Color: white
69
(Garden) Pansy
• Botanical name:
Viola x wittrockiana
cv.
• Origin: Europe
• Color: yellow, violet,
lavender, orange and
blue
70
Gloxinia
• Botanical name:
Sinningia speciosa
Fyfiana Group cv.
• Origin: Brazil
• Color: purple, pink,
red and white
71
Florist’s Cineraria
• Botanical name:
Senecio x hybridus cv.
• Origin: Canary Islands
• Color: purple, pink
and lavender
72
African Violet
• Botanical name:
Saintpaulia ionantha
cv.
• Origin: Tanzania
• Color: violet and pink
73
Fairy Primrose
• Botanical name:
Primula malacoides
cv.
• Origin: Ethiopia,
Indonesia, New
Guinea and southern
South America
• Color: red, purple,
pink and white
74
Clematis
• Botanical name:
Clematis Jackmanii
Group cv.
• Origin: North
America
• Color: violet and
white
75
Madagascar Periwinkle
• Botanical name:
Catharanthus roseus
• Origin: Madagascar
and southern Asia
• Color: pink, purple
and white
76
Tuberous Begonia
• Botanical name:
Begonia x
tuberhybrida cv.
• Origin: Andes
• Color: red, pink,
orange, white and
yellow
77
Pickaback Plant
• Botanical name:
Tolmiea menziesii
• Origin: west coast of
North America
• Color: green
78
Coleus
• Botanical name:
Solenostemon
sutellarioides
• Origin: tropical Africa,
Asia, Australia, East
Indies, Malay
Archipelago and
Philippines
• Color: leaves with green,
pink and orange
markings
79
Jerusalem Cherry
• Botanical name:
Solanum
pseudocapsicum cv.
• Origin: Peru
• Color: green leaves
with orange-red fruit
80
Diamond Dusty Miller
• Botanical name:
Senecio cineraria
‘Diamond’
• Origin: the
Mediterranean
• Color: whitish-green
81
Thanksgiving Cactus, Crab Cactus
• Botanical name:
Schlumbergera
truncata cv.
• Origin: South
America
• Color: green
82
Christmas Cactus
• Botanical name:
Schlumbergera
bridgesii
• Origin: South
America
• Color: green with
pink flowers
83
Strawberry Plant
• Botanical name:
Saxifraga stolonifera
• Origin: Asia
• Color: green leaves
with small white
flowers
84
Azalea
• Botanical name:
Rhododendron cv.
• Origin: Asia, Europe
and North America
• Color: pink and white
85
Polyanthus (Primrose)
• Botanical name:
Primula x polyanthus
cv.
• Origin: Ethiopia,
Indonesia, New Guinea
and southern South
America
• Color: red, pink, violet,
pink, yellow and white
86
Swedish Ivy
• Botanical name:
Plectranthus
mummularis
• Origin: Southeast
Africa
• Color: green
87
Creeping Charley
• Botanical name: Pilea
nummularifolia
• Origin: Europe and
southwestern Asia
• Color: green leaves
with purple flowers
88
Common Garden Petunia
• Botanical name:
Petunia x hybrida cv.
• Origin: South
America
• Color: yellow, pink,
white, violet and blue
89
Cactus
• Botanical name:
Opuntia tribe cv.
• Origin: the Americas
• Color: green
90
Bromeliad
• Botanical name:
Neoregelia carolinae
‘Tricolor’
• Origin: Brazil
• Color: leaves with
green, pink and white
91
Sweet Alyssum
• Botanical name:
Lobularia maritima
• Origin: the
Mediterranean
region and
Macaronesia
• Color: white and
purple
92
Kalanchoe
• Botanical name:
Kalanchoe x
blossfeldiana cv.
• Origin: the Old World
• Color: red, orange,
yellow, pink and
white
93
Impatiens
• Botanical name:
Impatiens hybrid cv.
• Origin: Northern
Hemisphere and
tropics
• Color: red, white,
purple, orange and
pink
94
Plantain Lily
• Botanical name:
Hosta undulate
• Origin: northeast Asia
• Color: green
95
Dwarf Schefflera, Dwarf Octopus Tree
• Botanical name:
Heptapleurum
arboricola
• Origin: Taiwan
• Color: green
96
German (Persian) Violet
• Botanical name:
Exacum affine
• Origin: Yemen
• Color: purple and
white
97
Barrel Cactus
• Botanical name:
Echinocactus cv.
• Origin: southwestern
desert of North
America
• Color: green
98
Hens and Chickens
• Botanical name:
Echeveria cv.
• Origin: Mexico and
South America
• Color: green and
purple
99
Fancy-Leaved Caladium
• Botanical name:
Caladium x
hortulanum cv.
• Origin: Brazil, and
neighboring countries
in South and Central
America
• Color: green with
white or pink
100
Wax Begonia
• Botanical name:
Begonia x
semperflorenscultorum
• Origin: South and
Central America,
Africa and Asia
• Color: pink, red and
white
101
Norfolk Island Pine
• Botanical name:
Araucaria
heterophylla
• Origin: Norfolk
Island, an island
between New
Zealand and Australia
• Color: green
102
Nephthytis
• Botanical name:
Syngonium
podophyllum
• Origin: western Africa
• Color: green
103
Snake Plant
• Botanical name:
Sansevieria
trifasciata cv.
• Origin: temperate
shrub land and rocky
areas
• Color: green
104
Artillery Plant
• Botanical name: Pilea
microphylla
• Origin: Florida
• Color: green
105
Friendship Plant
• Botanical name: Pilea
involucrata
• Origin: Central and
South America
• Color: green
106
Aluminum Plant
• Botanical name: Pilea
cadierei
• Origin: China and
Vietnam
• Color: green leaves
with white
107
Heartleaf Philodendron
• Botanical name:
Philodendron
scandens oxycardium
• Origin: tropical
Americas and West
Indies
• Color: green
108
Variegated Peperomia
• Botanical name:
Peperomia obtusifolia
‘Variegata’
• Origin: Central
America and
northern South
America
• Color: green leaves
with yellow or white
109
Emerald Ripple Peperomia
• Botanical name:
Peperomia caperata
• Origin: Central
America and
northern South
America
• Color: green and
purple
110
Watermelon Peperomia
• Botanical name:
Peperomia argyreia
• Origin: Central
America and
northern South
America
• Color: green
111
Ivy Geranium
• Botanical name:
Pelargonium
peltatum cv.
• Origin: Southern
Africa
• Color: white, pink
and red
112
Regal (Lady Washington) Geranium
• Botanical name:
Pelargonium x
domesticum cv.
• Origin: Southern
Africa
• Color: red, maroon
and pink
113
(Zonal) Geranium
• Botanical name:
Pelargonium x
hortorum cv.
• Origin: the
Mediterranean
Region
• Color: pink, red and
white
114
Red Edge Dracaena
• Botanical name:
Dracaena cincta
• Origin: Madagascar
• Color: green
115
Corn Plant Dracaena
• Botanical name:
Dracaena fragrans
‘Massangeana’
• Origin: West Africa,
Tanzania and Zambia
• Color: green
116
Spotted Dumbcane
• Botanical name:
Dieffenbachia
maculata cv.
• Origin: Mexico, Brazil
and some Caribbean
Islands
• Color: green
117
Florist’s Cyclamen
• Botanical name:
Cyclamen x persicum
cv.
• Origin: Europe and
the Mediterranean
region
• Colors: red, white,
purple and pink
118
Jade Plant
• Botanical name:
Crassula argentea
• Origin: South Africa
• Color: green leaves
with white flowers
119
Croton
• Botanical name:
Codiaeum
variegatum pictum
cv.
• Origin: southeast
Asia
• Color: green leaves
with yellow and
orange
120
Grape Ivy
• Botanical name:
Cissus rhombifolia
‘Mandaiana’
• Origin: Japan and
Korea
• Color: green
121
Spider Plant
• Botanical name:
Cholorophytum
comosum cv.
• Origin: South Africa
• Color: green
122
Pocketbook Plant
• Botanical name:
Calceolaria
crenatiflora cv.
• Origin: western
South America
• Color: yellow, red and
orange flowers with
dark green leaves
123
Bromeliad
• Botanical name:
Aechmea chantinii cv.
• Origin: New World
tropics and South
America
• Color: green
124
Aglaonema
• Botanical name:
Aglaonema
commutatum cv.
• Origin: southeastern
Asia
• Color: green
125
Aphelandra, Zebra Plant
• Botanical name:
Aphelandra
squarrosa cv.
• Origin: Brazil
• Color: green
126
Creeping Rubber Plant
• Botanical name:
Ficus pumila
• Origin: east Asia
• Color: green
127
‘Decora’ Rubber Plant
• Botanical name:
Ficus elastica
‘Decora’
• Origin: India
• Color: green
128
Benjamin Fig
• Botanical name:
Ficus benjamina
‘Exotica’
• Origin: south and
southeast Asia and
Australia
• Color: green
129
Poinsettia
• Botanical name:
Euphorbia
pulcherrima cv.
• Origin: Mexico and
Central America
• Color: red, white,
cream, orange, pink,
pale green and
marbled
130
Crown-of-Thorns
• Botanical name:
Euphorbia milii
splendens
• Origin: Madagascar
• Color: pink and
salmon
131
Golden Pothos, Devil’s Ivy
• Botanical name:
Epipremnum aureum
cv.
• Origin: southeastern
Asia and New Guinea
• Color: green
132
Cutleaf “Philodendron”
• Botanical name:
Monstera deliciosa
• Origin: tropical
rainforests of
southern Mexico and
Panama
• Color: green
133
Prayer Plant
• Botanical name:
Maranta leuconeura
var. kerchoviana
• Origin: Africa
• Color: green
134
Wax Plant
• Botanical name:
Hoya carnosa
• Origin: southern Asia,
Australia and
Polynesia
• Color: green leaves
with white or pink
flowers
135
“Purple Passion”, Velvet Plant
• Botanical name:
Gynura aurantiaca
‘Sarmentosa’
• Origin: Europe and
Asia
• Color: green and
purple leaves
136
Nerve Plant
• Botanical name:
Fittonia verschaffeltii
• Origin: Peru
• Color: various shades
of green
137
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Cast Iron Plant
• Botanical name:
Aspidistra elatior
• Origin: Japan
• Color: shades of
green
138
Assessment
Assessment
139
Assessment
1. Which of the following flowers can be white in color?
A. Liatris
B. Cockscomb
C. Tuberose
D. Canna
2. Michelle is making a floral arrangement for Mother’s Day and
needs a white, line flower. Which of the following LINE
flowers should she use?
A. Baby’s breath
B. Hybrid tea rose
C. Tuberose
D. Bird-of-paradise
140
Assessment
3. Which of the following is the correct classification of Petunia x
hybrida cv.?
A. Line
B. Mass
C. Form
D. Potted plant
4. Preston is trying to discover the common name for the plant
Dieffenbachia caryophyllus. Which of the following plants has
the same botanical name?
A. Spotted dumbcane
B. Astilbe
C. Snapdragon
D. Fancy-leaved caladium
141
Assessment
5. Which of the following best explains why mass flowers are
used in floral arrangements?
A. Mass flowers are used as a focal point
B. Mass flowers are used inside or along the
arrangement to fill spaces
C. Mass flowers are used to complete the design
D. Mass flowers are used to hide the mechanics of a
design
6. Sarah and Lauren are working together to create a centerpiece
for the tables at an upcoming banquet. Which of the flowers
should they use to complete the design?
A. Trumpet (Easter) lily
B. Aglaonema
C. Transvaal daisy
D. Stephanotis
142
Assessment
7. Robert is creating a unique floral arrangement. Which of the
following flowers should he use as a focal point?
A. Shasta daisy
B. (Garden) pansy
C. Florist’s cineraria
D. Flamingo lily
8. Please choose the correct definition of a line flower.
A. Single stem with large round headed flower
B. Establishes the outline of arrangement
C. Single stem with one horizontal flower
D. Single stem with one vertical flower
143
Assessment
9. Susie is creating a floral arrangement and does not want the
mechanics of the design to show. Which of the following
should she use?
A. Freesia
B. Wax flower
C. Bromeliad
D. Boston fern
10. A single stem daffodil would classify as which of the
following?
A. Potted plant
B. Foliage and greenery
C. Mass
D. Line
144
Resources
•“Herbaceous Plants Pictures”.
http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu
•Iowa State University Extension.
http://www.extension.iastate.edu
•Oklahoma State University Library.
http://www.library.okstate.edu
•“OSU FFA Floriculture Identification”.
http://www.okstate.edu
145
Resources
•Texas Tech University Plant and Soil
Science. http:// www.pssc.ttu.edu
•University of Missouri Extension. Lawn
and Garden.
http://extension.missouri.edu
146
Acknowledgements
Production Coordinator
Project Coordinator
Mai Lee Holmes
Olivia Mitchell
Graphics Designer
Production Manager
Daniel Johnson
Maggie Bigham
Technical Writer
Executive Producers
Jessica Odom
Gordon W. Davis
Jeff Lansdell
© MMXIV
CEV Multimedia, Ltd.
147