Study Guide for 8 th Grade Literature Final
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Moon Over Manifest
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Signposts and the anchor questions associated with them (there are six signposts and six anchor questions)
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Sonnets o 3 different types o Rhyme scheme of each o Meter (iambic pentameter) o Octave/sestet/quatrain/couplet
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Poetry Terms (below)
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Types of Poems (below)
Poetry Terms ************************************************************************
Rhythm: the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables
Meter: regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables (ex. Iambic pentameter)
End rhyme: when the word at the end of a line rhymes with the word at the end of another line
Internal rhyme: rhyme that happens within lines of poetry
Exact rhyme: words that rhyme exactly Ex. Leopard and peppered
Approximate rhyme (near rhyme/off rhyme/imperfect rhyme/slant rhyme): uses sounds that are similar but not exactly the same
Examples: Fellow and hollow
Cat and catch
Bat and bit
Free verse: no meter and no regular rhyme scheme (no ABBAABBA or other rhyme scheme)

Alliteration: the repetition of consonant sounds in several words that are close together
Assonance: the repetition of vowel sounds
Onomatopoeia: words with sounds that imitate or suggest their meaning
Examples: Rustle
Sizzle
Snap
Crackle
Pop
Types of Poems***********************************************************************
Ballad: songlike poem that tells a story, often a sad story of betrayal, death, or loss. Ballads usually have a regular, steady rhythm, a simple rhyme pattern, and a refrain, all of which make them easy to memorize.
Epic: long narrative poem about the many deeds of a great hero. Epics are closely connected to a particular culture. The hero of an epic embodies the important values of the society he comes from.
(Heroes of epics have—so far—been male.)
Narrative poem: poem that tells a story—a series of related events.
Lyric poem: poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings of a speaker.
Ode: long lyric poem, usually praising some subject, and written in dignified language.
Sonnet: fourteen-line lyric poem that follows strict rules of structure, meter, and rhyme.
Elegy: a poem for someone who has died