Unit 3
Structure
.1
PARTS AND
THE WHOLE
SECTION
ْ
consist of(‫)إشمله‬
contain (‫ )يَحتوي‬include(ْ‫)تض ّم ْن‬
 A house consists of walls, a roof, floors, doors and windows.
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(These are parts of the house)
A house contains rooms. (The rooms are inside the house).
A room consists of walls, a ceiling, a floor, a window and a door /
doors. (These are the parts of the room)
A room often contains furniture. (Furniture is inside the room)
A classroom consists of walls, a ceiling, a floor, a window and a door.
(These are the parts of the classroom)
A classroom often contains chairs, a table and a board.
(These are inside the classroom)
A milk bottle consists of a glass cylinder, a flat base, a tapering neck
and a lid. (These are parts of bottle)
It contains milk. (Milk is inside the bottle)
A gas-jar consists of a glass cylinder, a flat and a lid.
(These are parts of cylinder)
It contains gas. (Gas is inside the cylinder)
Carbon atom
 An atom of carbon
consists of electrons and
empty space.
 It contains a nucleus in
the centre.
 The nucleus consists of
neutrons and protons.
Include
 A house consists of , walls, doors, windows and roofs.
 A house contains rooms.
 The rooms in a house include a bedroom, a sitting
room and a bathroom. (These are some of the
different kinds of room).
 Furniture includes chairs, tables, beds, cupboards
etc.
 The rooms in a school include classrooms, office,
bathroom, labs etc.
Solar System
 The solar system consists
of the Sun and planets.
 Planets include the
Earth, Mars, Venus…
Chemical substances. (consist of, include)
Chemical substances
elements
Fe
O H
etc
compounds
Co2 H2SO4 etc
Chemical substances consist of elements and compounds.
Elements include…………………………………………..
Compounds include …………………………………
Consist, include, contain
 Matter consists of
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organic substances and
inorganic substances.
Organic substances
include coal and oil
Inorganic substances
include iron and sulphur.
Organic substances
contain carbon.
Inorganic substances do
not contain cabon.
…………………
…………… ……………….
……. …….
….… ….…
…………..
………………
Correct the statements. (The Earth)
 The Earth consists of a
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


core and an atmosphere.
(F)
Crust is the part of
Earth’s structure. (T)
Other parts include the
mental, the core and the
Sun. (F)
The core contains the
Earth. (F)
The atmosphere contains
gases. (T)
Section .2 The connection(‫ )اإلتّصال‬between parts
ُ ‫ ) ُمرت َ ِب‬attached(ْ‫)ملحق‬
ُ
connected(ْ‫ط‬
detached(ْ‫صو ُل‬
ُ ‫) َم ْف‬
 The rectangle is connected to the








square by the line.
The triangle is attached to the
rectangle.
The circle is detached from the
square
A car consists of body, seats, an
engine, axels.
The front of this car contains the
engine.
The wheels are connected by the
axels.
The wheels are attached to the
axels.
The wheels are detached from the
body.
Different kinds of car include
Mercedes, Toyota etc.
Joined to (‫ )نض َّمْإلى‬supported by(‫)مدعومْمنْقبل‬
fixed to(‫ )ثابتْإلى‬fitted over(‫ ) ُمالئ َ ِمْعلى‬leads to(‫)ألدلّ ِةْإلى‬
 The branch of a tree is
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joined to the trunk.
The branches are
supported by the trunk.
The head of hammer is
fixed to the handle.
The rubber tube is fitted
over the glass tube.
The wire leads from the
switch to bulb.
Description of the house.
 This house consists of






walls, windows, doors, roof
and floor.
It contains rooms.
The rooms include
bedroom, living-room etc
The roof is supported by
walls.
The walls are attached to
the floor.
The house is shaped like a
cube.
The windows are situated
on the walls.
Describe the table
 This table consists of top
and legs.
 The legs are fixed to the
top.
 The top is supported by
the legs.
 The top is shaped like a
rectangle.
Describe the light bulb
 This light bulb consists of
plug and glass bulb.
 It contains wires and
filament.
 It is shaped like a sphere.
 Plug is attached to the
glass bulb.
 Filament is connected to
the plug by the wires.
H.W. Describe the Bunsen
burner ,
The apparatus for preparing hydrogen
The apparatus for preparing
hydrogen consists of a flask, a gasjar, a beehive shelf, a trough, a
delivery tube and a thistle funnel.
The flask is spherical and has a flat
bottom. It contains zinc and
hydrochloric acid. The thistle tube
and the delivery tube are fitted into
the neck of the flask. They are held
in place by a two-holed cork. The
thistle tube leads down to the
hydrochloric acid. The delivery
tube leads from the flask to the
hole in the beehive shelf. The
beehive shelf is placed in the
middle of the trough. The trough
contains water. The gas-jar is
supported by the beehive shelf.
Hydrogen is collected at the top; of
the gas-jar.
The apparatus for preparing
hydrogen consists of a flask, a gasjar, a beehive shelf, a trough, a
delivery tube and a thistle funnel.
The flask is spherical and has a flat
bottom. It contains zinc and
hydrochloric acid. The thistle tube
and the delivery tube are fitted into
the neck of the flask. They are held
in place by a two-holed cork. The
thistle tube leads down to the
hydrochloric acid. The delivery
tube leads from the flask to the
hole in the beehive shelf. The
beehive shelf is placed in the
middle of the trough. The trough
contains water. The gas-jar is
supported by the beehive shelf.
Hydrogen is collected at the top of
the gas-jar.
The apparatus for preparing
sulphur dioxide consists of a
flask, a gas-jar, a bottle, two
delivery tubes, tripod burner and
a thistle funnel. The flask is
placed on a tripod and the burner
is under the flask to give heat.
The bottle contains Sodium
sulphate and hydrochloric acid.
The thistle tube and the delivery
tube are fitted into the neck of
the flask. They are held in place
by a two-holed cork. The thistle
tube
leads
down
to
the
hydrochloric acid. The delivery
tube leads from the flask to the
bottle. The bottle is placed on
the block of wood. The bottle
contains sulphuric acid. Another
delivery tube leads from bottle to
the gas-jar The gas-jar is covered
with a cardboard. Sulphuric acid
is collected in the gas-jar.
Underline the red words then describe the
apparatus for preparing sulphur dioxide.
The apparatus for preparing hydrogen consists of a
flask, a gas-jar, a beehive shelf, a trough, a delivery
tube and a thistle funnel. The flask is spherical and has
a flat bottom. It contains zinc and hydrochloric acid.
The thistle tube and the delivery tube are fitted into the
neck of the flask. They are held in place by a two-holed
cork. The thistle tube leads down to the hydrochloric
acid. The delivery tube leads from the flask to the hole
in the beehive shelf. The beehive shelf is placed in the
middle of the trough. The trough contains water. The
gas-jar is supported by the beehive shelf. Hydrogen is
collected at the top of the gas-jar.
Read the model paragraph to write the same at
home
The apparatus for preparing sulphur dioxide consists
of a flask, a gas-jar, a bottle, two delivery tubes,
tripod burner and a thistle funnel. The flask is
placed on a tripod and the burner is under the flask
to give heat. The bottle contains Sodium sulphate
and hydrochloric acid. The thistle tube and the
delivery tube are fitted into the neck of the flask.
They are held in place by a two-holed cork. The
thistle tube leads down to the hydrochloric acid.
The delivery tube leads from the flask to the bottle.
The bottle is placed on the block of wood. The
bottle contains sulphuric acid. Another delivery tube
leads from bottle to the gas-jar The gas-jar is
covered with a cardboard. Sulphuric acid is
collected in the gas-jar.
Section 3 Composition.
A Book.
A book consists of pages
and a cover. It contains
words and pictures. The
pages are made of paper
and the cover is made of
paper or cardboard.
is made of (‫صنَ ُع منه‬
ْ ُ ‫)ي‬
Composition. Make questions and answers.
What does a hammer
consist of?
It consists of a head and a
handle.
What is it made of?
It is made of metal and
wood.
A Hammer
A hammer consists of a
head and a handle. It is
made of metal and wood.
Make questions and answers.
a blackboard
wooden bard
wooden frame
What does a blackboard
consist of?
It consists of a board and a
frame.
What is it made of?
It is made of wood
A blackboard
A blackboard consists of a
board and a frame. It is
made of wood.
Make questions and answers.
A Magnifying Glass
a metal frame
a glass lens
a metal handle
What does a magnifying glass
consist of?
A magnifying glass consists of
a frame, a lens and a handle.
What is it made of?
It is made of metal and glass.
A magnifying glass consists of
a frame, a lens and a handle. It
is made of metal and glass.
Make questions and answers.
Look and read.
 This square is divided
v
v
into triangles.(‫)منقسم إلى‬
 The circle is surrounded
by stars. (‫) ُمحاط ِمن ِقبل‬
 The tyre is filled with air.
(‫) َمأل َ َمع‬
 The body of a car is
covered with paint.
(‫)مغطى ب‬
Answer these questions.
 What is a chess-board divided into? (squares)
 What is it made of? (wood)
 What is living matter divided into? (cells)
 What is the nucleus of a cell surrounded by?(cytoplasm)
 What is the cytoplasm covered with? (membrane)
 What is a lake surrounded by? (land)
 What is a cheese sandwich filled with? (cheese)
 What are our bodies covered with? (skin and hair)
Wheter these statements are true or false?
Correct the fasle statements.
 The diagram shows a dry cell in
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
cross-section. (F) longitudinalsection.
A dry cell is cylindrical in shape.
(T)
The electrolyte is situated in the
centre of the cell. (F) between the
absorbent paper and carbon rod.
The carbon rod is surrounded by
the electrolyte. (T)
The tin layer between the casing
and the electrolyte is made of
paper. (T)
The cell is covered with
absorbent paper.(F) Zinc casing
The biggest part of the cell is
filled wit electrolyte. (T)
Section 4 Reading.
 Read the text. Then say which of these titles is most
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


suitable and why:
The Earth’s crust.
The properties of Earth.
The contents of Earth.
The structure of the Earth.
The Earth is a solid sphere.
The Earth is a solid sphere.
It is made up of three
concentric(‫ )مركزي‬spheres
or layers. (‫ )الطبقات‬These are
called the core, the mantle
and the crust. The solid
sphere is surrounded by a
gaseous sphere, which is
called the atmosphere.
What is the Earth?
What is it made of?
What are the names of layers?
What is the Earth surrounded by?
What is the atmosphere?
The crust of the Earth
Crust is the ……….…it is very…………
How thick is the crust under the ocean?
……………………………………on the land?
What does it consist of?
What do the rocks contain?
What are the compounds of minerals
called?
We know most about the
crust of the Earth which is
the outermost sphere. This
layer is very thin compared
with(‫ )قَارنَ َمع‬the diameter
(‫ )القطر‬of the whole Earth. It
is only about 10 km thick
under the ocean and about
30 km thick on land. It
consists of rock which
contains a lot of minerals.
These are usually in
compounds called oxides,
containing oxygen, or
sulphides, containing
sulphur.
The mental is…..
The mantle is much
thicker than the crust. It
is about 300 km thick. It
consists mainly of rocks,
but we do not know
much about their
composition.
What is the thickness of
mental?
What does it consist of?
The core is situated inside the mental.
Ask short questions about each
information in the paragraph as we
did in the previous paragraphs.
The core, which is situated,
inside the mantle, seems to be
divided into two parts. The inner
core is about 2800 km in
diameter. We believe that it is
mainly composed of(‫)متكون من‬
ّ
iron, but it also contains about
10 % nickel. The layer
surrounding the inner core is
called the outer core and is
approximately 2000 km thick. It
is probably composed of molten
iron and nickel. However, the
metals in the inner core seem to
be rigid, and therefore(‫ )ولذا‬solid.
This is because they are under
very high pressure, which causes
solidification in spite of(‫)بالرغم ِم ْن‬
the high temperatures at the
centre of the Earth.
Whether these statements are true or false?
 The core is spherical in shape? ( T )
 We know more about the composition of the crust than
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the composition of the mantle.( T )
The crust consists of minerals. ( F )
Iron oxide contains s sulphur. ( T )
The inner core is situated at the centre of the Earth. ( T )
The outer and inner cores consist of iron. ( F )
We know that the inner core is solid while the outer core
is liquid. ( F )
At the centre of the Earth, temperature and pressure are
both very high. ( T )
Make similar notes about other parts of the Earth
 Name : inner core
 Name : crust
 Location: at the centre
 Location: outer layer
of the Earth.
 Measurement: diameter
approximately 2800 km.
 Composition: solid iron
and nickel
 Other properties: very
hot, high pressure, rigid
 Measurement: 10 km
under ocean and 30 km
on land
 Composition: rocks
 Other properties:
contains oxides.