Español extra
Hola Chelsea! Welcome to Spanish! Being as you have never studied the subject before, I thought
you would definitely benefit from doing a few extra bits and bobs to get your head around the
language, so as you feel a little more at ease in lessons. So here’s your first bit of extra grammar,
you’ll need to get yourself a Spanish dictionary to do this and remember, please learn all
grammatical structures and vocabulary as you go along, little and often is the key to success, work
hard and you’ll soon catch up! ¡Buena suerte! (that means Good Luck!) - Mrs Egan
1. Nouns – Nouns are names for objects, subjects, emotions, feelings, places etc. Examples of
nouns in English are: a chair, happiness, Spanish, the countryside, a teacher etc
2. Nouns in a bilingual dictionary will either have a small (n) in front of the word, or after the
word. For example, if you want to look up a chair in a Spanish dictionary, you look under ch
and you will find silla (nf – noun feminine)
3. Nouns in Spanish are either masculine or feminine. This simply means that the words you
put in front of them are going to be a little different depending on their gender (whether
they are masculine or feminine). A chair, because it’s feminine will be una silla, a book
because it’s masculine is un libro. A = un (nm) A= una (nf)
Now Chelsea, see if you can find these words, all to do with school life, because that’s the topic
you’re on, in the Spanish dictionary and apply the above rules to them:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
A subject
A laboratory
A gymnasium
A field
Excitement
silence
Success
A pen
A pencil
A nightmare
Where you haven’t got a or an,
you don’t need to have any word
before the noun.
¡Fantástico! Now you’re going to have a go at making nouns plural! This means saying more than
one thing and it’s quite straightforward in Spanish. Take away the un/una and add an “s” to nouns
that end in a vowel:
Eg: una silla – a chair
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
sillas – chairs
Un alumno
Una mesa
Un ensayo
Un desastre
Un cuaderno
How about trying to find the
English meaning of each of these
words now Chelsea!
However, if a noun ends in a consonant, you have to add an “es”
Eg: Un rotulador – a felt tip pen
rotuladores
revisión del tiempo presente – nivel superior GCSE
All verb endings in all tenses follow this pattern :
Persons singular
Persons plural
I
You (familiar)
He/She/You (formal)
We
You (plural familiar)
They/You (plural formal)
The present tense ending patterns for regular verbs in Spanish go like this :
AR VERBS (Hablar/cantar/estudiar)
O
Hablo – I speak
AS
Hablas – you speak
A
Habla – he/she speaks/ you speak
AMOS
Hablamos – we speak
ÁIS
Habláis – you (plural) speak
AN
Hablan - they speak
ER VERBS (comer/beber/correr)
O
Como – I eat
ES
Comes – you eat
E
Come – he/she eats
EMOS
comemos – we eat
ÉIS
coméis – you plural eat
EN
comen – they eat
The best way to learn these endings would be to get them on your wall and practise one verb per
night before you go to sleep! If you want to make it a little more challenging for yourself, try to
make sentences, then extended sentences, then negative sentences etc:
BAILAR – To dance -- Bailo con mi hermana, bailas en tu dormitorio, mi padre baila todos los días,
bailamos en la clase de educación física, bailáis como bailarínes profesionales, los chicos bailan en
vez de jugar al rugby.
Regular verbs that you should all know and be able to use :
Admirar – to admire
escuchar – to listen to
leer – to read
Ahorrar – to save (ecconomise)
escribir – to write
montar – to ride
Aprobar – to pass an exam
encontrar – to meet
nadar – to swim
Bailar – to dance
fumar – to smoke
odiar – to hate
Beber – to drink
ganar – to win/earn
practicar – to practise
Cantar – to sing
gastar – to spend/waste
preparar – to prepare
Comprar – to buy
gritar – to shout
saltar – to jump
Comer – to eat
hablar – to talk/speak
usar – to use
Correr – to run
inviter – to invite
ver – to see
Dibujar – to draw
jugar – to play
viajar – to travel
Revisión del verbo presente – nivel básico GCSE
All verb endings in all tenses follow this pattern :
Persons singular
I
You (familiar)
He/She/You (formal)
The present tense ending patterns for regular verbs in Spanish go like this :
AR VERBS (Hablar/cantar/estudiar)
O
Hablo – I speak
AS
Hablas – you speak
A
Habla – he/she speaks
ER/IR VERBS (comer/beber/corer/vivir)
O
Como – I eat
ES
Comes – you eat
E
come – he/she eats
The best way to learn these endings would be to get them on your wall and practise one verb per
night before you go to sleep! If you want to make it a little more challenging for yourself, try to
make sentences with your verb endings:
BAILAR – To dance -- Bailo con mi hermana, bailas en tu dormitorio, mi padre baila los lunes
Regular verbs that you should all know and be able to use :
Aprender – to learn
ver – to see/watch
Bailar – to dance
visitar – to visit
Beber – to drink
viaajar – to travel
Comer – to eat
Comprar – to buy
Escuchar – to listen to
Escribir – to write
Ganar – to earn/win
Gastar – to spend/waste (money)
Hablar – to talk/speak
Jugar – to play
Leer – to read
Practicar – to practise
Verb cards for the students needing a little more support with their learning. Please print and cut
out a set of these cards for Mollie Kelly, Warren Wesley, Chelsea Smart and Charlotte Peterkin, these
pupils are also the pupils who will need the worksheets entitled “nivel básico” whenever
differentiated worksheets are done. Please ensure that they know how to make at least the “I” form
of the present tense of each of these verbs that can be applied to school life topic. They must
practise learning the meaning and the conjugation of them. Thank you.
aprender
aprobar
beber
to learn
to pass (exam)
to drink
comer
comprender
dibujar
to eat
to understand
to draw
escuchar
escribir
cantar
to listen to
to write
to sing
enseñar
hablar
jugar
to teach
to speak/talk
to play (games)
llevar
nadar
practicar
to wear
to swim
to practise
tratar
trabajar
tocar
to treat/try
to work
to play (instrument
ver
visitar
viajar
to see/watch
to visit
to travel