Reading For Results, 12th edition
Answer Key, Chapter 5
Exercise 1
1. B
2. A
Exercise 2
1. One view of violent behavior holds that improper socialization and upbringing are
responsible for violent acts.
2. Hate or bias crimes like the one committed against Matthew Shepard, are violent
acts directed toward a particular person or members of a group merely because
the targets share a discernible racial, ethnic, religious, or gender characteristic.
Exercise 3
1. Yet, respected or not, the governor’s office sometimes attracts true wackos as
candidates.
Possible Main Idea answer: Sometimes real crazies run for governor.
2. Scientists do not know what harm, if any, the very low concentrations of these
chemicals found in the infant’s blood might cause, but they are deeply
concerned.
Possible Main Idea answer: Although scientists do not know for sure about how
much harm they will cause, they are worried about how chemicals already in the
blood of infants will affect them.
Exercise 4
1. But there are reasons why the so-called cross-pressures “problem” is simply not
a problem for most adolescents
Possible Main Idea answer: It’s not really true that adolescents suffer from
severe cross-pressure conflict between their parents and their peers.
2. According to the linguistic relativity hypothesis, the answer is yes; the language
we speak does affect how we think. This theory – also called the Whorfian
hypothesis after Benjamin Whorf the amateur linguist who developed it – holds
that the language we use determines how we think and how we perceive reality.
Possible Main Idea answer: According to Benjamin Whorf’s theory, the language
we speak affects how we see the world.
3. Many myths surround Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
Possible Main Idea answer: There is a lot of misfortunes surrounding the effects
and causes of ADHD.
4. Although evidence of long-term effectiveness of premarital education remains
elusive, some believe that mandatory counseling will promote marital stability.
Possible Main Idea answer: Some state governments think that premarital
counseling will help people stay married.
Digging Deeper
1. The prevalence or frequency of jury dodging
2. B
3. Because jury dodgers are multiplying, the courts have started applying some stiff
penalties. It’s up to the Federal Reserve to carry out a delicate balancing act to
keep the economy stable.
4. The thesis statement concludes the first paragraph.
5. C
6. A
7. The transition first tells you the answer has more than one part.
8. Figuratively
9. A
10. Using a stick
11. Germane = relevant, related, central
Remuneration = payment, reward, money.
TEST 1
1. It sums up the main idea of the multi-paragraph reading.
It’s likely to express a more general or more complex main idea and may consist
of more than one sentence.
2. The chapter section opens with a thesis statement
3. The topic sentence
thesis statement
4. It will usually be the answer to the question.
5. Reversal transition
the real thesis statement is coming right
TEST 2
1. Instead, a new family relations model is emerging. It suggests that even
nonbiological parents may be awarded joint custody or visitation rights as long as
they have been economically and emotionally involved in the life of the child.
2. Considered offspring of a once-hated enemy, Vietnam’s Amerasians are
despised by the people they live with and rejected by the country to which they
believe they rightly belong: the United States.
TEST 3
1. History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and
discovery.
Paraphrase: Throughout history dreams have provided creative solutions to
problems.
2. But in everyday life, acting as if you know what is in someone else’s mind can
interfere with effective communication.
Paraphrase: Avoiding mind reading is a good way to improve your ability to
communicate.
Test 4
1. And there are two basic reasons why the government can, on a regular basis,
spend more than it earns.
Paraphrase: There are two key ways government debt differs from consumer
debt.
2. Due to her deadly history, the press had dubbed Mary Mallon “Typhoid Mary,” a
nickname she richly deserved because everywhere she went, the disease called
“typhoid” was not far behind, until, that is, one man decided to stop her.
Paraphrase: Mary Mallon certainly earned the nickname “typhoid Mary.”
Everywhere she went she brought typhoid with her.
Test 5
1. You can tell a lot about a potential employee by the way he or she treats the
waiter.
Paraphrase: Employers can tell a lot about a person’s character by how he or
she treats waiters.
2. The problem we face now is a significant increase in temperature during this
century. Such rapid climate change could have dramatic and drastic effects on
the earth’s environment.
Paraphrase: We should be concerned about the earth growing warmer because
it’s happening fast and rapid climate change can have catastrophic effects.
Test 6
1. elusive
2. mandatory
3. socialization
4. strident
5. alternatives
6. deviant
7. desecrated
8. patron saint
9. frenzy
10. innuendo
11. discernable
12. domains
13. marital
14. merit
15. random