Chapter 2 Test Review
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The goal of science is to understand the
natural world.
Every scientific discovery begins in the
human mind.
Carl Sagan was a scientist who studied
astronomy.
There are two qualities that successful
scientists share: logic & curiosity.
Scientists hypothesize in order to explain
what they think will happen in a certain
situation.
Scientists need to be skeptical so that
they can question long-held
assumptions.
Technology is the application of science
to design a new product or process.
Scientists test their ideas by performing
experiments.
Scientific inquiry involves observing,
gathering data, and forming a
Evidence can be measured, tested, and
observed using one’s senses.
During the process of peer review,
scientists read other’s works for the
following reasons: deciding if the work
has merit.
Determining if enough research and
experimentation was performed, or
deciding if the scientist has proved his
or her hypothesis.
What failed discovery would probably not
have falsely raised hope had proper
peer review procedures been carried
out? cold fusion
Which tools would you expect a geologist
to use? Soil auger, hand lens,
seismograph.
Scientific explanations must be supported
by evidence.
A theory is an explanation of observable
events or facts for which no exception
has been found.
Scientific laws are discovered when
generalizations for how the world
behaves under specific conditions
cannot be disproved.
Technological or Scientific reasons for asking
questions.
Scientific
Why does sun give
off energy?
Technological
How can hydrogen fuel
be used to power
cars?
How much hydrogen
is in the sun?
How does one
measure
sea level?
Evidence: Syn. (Proof)
Evidence
The liquid froze
At 10°C.
The object’s length
Measured 30.5 cm.
Not Evidence
The liquid was
identified
as water because of
its appearance.
Temperature falls near
the Earth’s surface and
increases until Earth’s
center is reached.
Which two tools have recently revolutionized Earth
science? Computer and satellite.
Essay: Explain how scientists go about answering a
question. Use the words: hypothesis, inquiry,
evidence, experiment, and test in your answer.
When scientists have a question about a phenomenon,
they first perform research to learn about it. The
scientists engage in a process of inquiry that involves
developing their question and performing research.
Based on their findings, they make a hypothesis, or
educated guess. They design experiments to gather
data or evidence for the hypothesis. This experiment
is used to test the hypothesis. After they collect and
analyze their evidence, they develop an inference, or
an explanation of the results they obtained.
Why was the
idea of cold
fusion
rejected?
The cold fusion
experiment
was rejected
because no
other scientists
could repeat it
in the lab.