Michael Power
Assist. Superintendent
Program and
Learning Support
Tel 253.571.1319
mpower@tacoma.k12.wa.us
Pat Cummings
Director of Research
and Evaluation
Tel 253.571.1357
pcummin@tacoma.k12.wa.us
Karyn Clarke
Director of District
and School Improvement
Tel 253.571.1032
kclarke@tacoma.k12.wa.us
Student Achievement
Board Study
December 6, 2007
Tacoma School District - 1
Graduation Rate Data

On-Time Graduation
For example, students would have started grade 9
in the fall of 2004-05 are expected to graduate “ontime” (in four years) in spring 2007-08.

Extended Time
This rate includes students who graduated after
their expected graduation year.

Annual Dropout Rate
Students who leave school without a regular high
school diploma and do not transfer to another
school. Includes “unknowns” and those
completing with a GED,
Tacoma School District - 2
Four Cohorts of 9th Graders (1996-98) Percent of Students
Graduating in 4 year (U of W Research)
Tacoma School District - 3
Cohort Class of 2005-06
Tacoma On-Time Graduation Rates by Student Groups
Tacoma School District - 4
Cohort Class of 2005-06
Tacoma and Washington State On-Time Graduation Rates
Tacoma School District - 5
Distribution of On-Time Graduation Rates 2005-06 All Students
Tacoma 68%
48 out of 207
23rd percentile
rank
Each dot on the chart
represents one of 207 districts
in Washington state,
distributed from low to high
* Districts with less than 100 students in grades 9-12 were excluded from this data set
Tacoma School District - 6
Distribution of Extended Graduation Rates 2005-06 All Students
Tacoma 75%
56 out of 206
27rd percentile
rank
Each dot on the chart
represents one of 206 districts
in Washington state,
distributed from low to high
* Districts with less than 100 students in grades 9-12 were excluded from this data set
Tacoma School District - 7
SOTA (94%)
Cohort Class of 2005-06
Tacoma High Schools On-Time Graduation Rates (minus continuing)
Tacoma School District - 8
Strategies to Increase the Graduation Rate
• Graduation Support Specialists at every
high school
• Graduation Advisory Leadership Team
• District Graduation Requirement
Coordinator
• Training for staff on WASL alternatives
• Grant opportunities
Tacoma School District - 9
Defining and Addressing
The Achievement Gap(s)
100%
Mainstream students
(mostly white, middle class)
Minority and poor students
The Achievement Gap: Model A
Continue on as we have. All students gain, but the gap remains.
100%
Mainstream students
Minority and poor students
The Achievement Gap: Model B
Focus the low achievers, maintain for the mainstream.
Minority students gain, but most students do not.
100%
Mainstream students
Minority and poor students
The Achievement Gap: Model C
Focus on just the mainstream students.
Those students gain, but minority and poor students do not.
100%
Mainstream students
Minority and poor students
The Achievement Gap: Model D
Put all resources into minority students.
Other students lose ground.
100%
Mainstream students
Minority and poor students
The Achievement Gap: Model E
Focus on all students with a special and intensive emphasis on minority students.
All students gain.
Addressing the Gap in Student Achievement for All Students
School Year 2007-2008
Providing students with curriculum and
instruction which engages them in
work which is:
• Meaningful
• Engaging
• Challenging
Implementation of new literacy
curriculum:
Materials and intensive staff
development
Intensive staff development
in math and science:
Curriculum development and instruction
Implementation of new math curriculum:
Materials and intensive staff development
100%
Mainstream students
(mostly white, middle class)
Minority and poor students
The Achievement Gap: Model A
GAP Data

Definition
The gap refers to the observed achievement
disparity on a number of educational measures
between the performance of groups of students,
especially groups defined by gender,
race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

By type of group
Gender, race/ethnicity, Spec. Ed, ESL, SES.

By outcome
Test scores (e.g., WASL, District Tests, ACT, SAT)
Other measures (e.g., grades, grad/dropout rates,
discipline referrals, TV viewing, homework)
Tacoma School District - 21
Trends in Average Percent Meeting Standard and Score Gaps for
Black Students and White Students –
WASL Grade 10 Mathematics
2007 GAP =
30 points
1999 GAP =
25 points
Tacoma School District - 22
Grade 10 Math WASL - 9 Year Trend By Ethnic Group
(Including “No Score” and “Previously Passed”)
Tacoma School District - 23
Trends in Average Percent Meeting Standard and Score Gaps for
Black Students and White Students –
WASL Grade 10 Reading
2007 GAP =
20 points
1998 GAP =
25 points
Tacoma School District - 24
Grade 10 Reading WASL - 9 Year Trend By Ethnic Group
(Including “No Score” and “Previously Passed”)
Tacoma School District - 25
Percent of "No Score" WASL Reading - 8 Year District Trends
Tacoma School District - 26
Percent of "No Score" WASL Reading - 8 Year Ethnic Trends
Tacoma School District - 27
Trends in Average Grade Point Average (GPA) By Ethnic Group
(Grades 6 through 12)
Grade 6 GPA
White
= 3.02
Hispanic = 2.70
Black
= 2.62
Grade 12 GPA
White
= 2.93
Hispanic = 2.77
Black
= 2.58
Tacoma School District - 28
Strategies to Address the Gap among Student Groups
• Title I Program:
– $10 million to support student achievement in reading
and math
– Parent Involvement Associates at schools
– Extra staff at schools
• Learning Assistance Program (LAP) at all
comprehensive high schools
– LAP funds used for Graduation Support Specialists
– High Schools Read 180 Program
• Extended Learning Opportunities program to
provide extra learning time for students
• “Mathletics” Program for Indian Education
– Smart boards at sites with Native children
Tacoma Public School Partnerships
Complementary Learning Initiative
•
•
•
•
•
What it is
Why we are choosing this strategy
What it will look like
Where we are now
What we hope to achieve
AYP Data

Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP)
The cornerstones of the federal Elementary and
Secondary Education Act (ESEA) signed into law
January 2002, as the No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
Act. AYP is a measure of year-to-year student
achievement on the Washington Assessment of
Student Learning (WASL) in reading and
mathematics.
Tacoma School District - 31
AYP Changes for 2007-2008
Tacoma School District - 32
Elementary uniform bar (3-5)
100
100
88.1
90
76.1
Percent Meeting Standard
80
70
82.4
64.9
64.2
60
52.2
47.3
50
40
Reading
29.7
30
Mathematics
20
10
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
33
Middle school uniform bar (6-8)
100
100
90
82.5
Percent Meeting Standard
80
79.3
70
65.1
58.7
60
50
47.6
40
38.0
Reading
30.1
30
Mathematics
17.3
20
10
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
34
High school uniform bar
100
100
87.2
90
Percent Meeting Standard
80
74.3
70
81.2
62.4
61.5
60
48.6
50
43.6
40
Reading
30
Mathematics
24.8
20
10
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
35
AYP TIMELINE FOR SCHOOLS
(Consequences apply only to schools receiving Title I funds)
Sanctions are a District Responsibility
AYP
AYP
WASL
Results
WASL
Results
1 2
School
Continue:
Continue:
Continue:
Improvement Public School Public School Public School
Plan
Choice
Choice
Choice
Supplemental Supplemental
Services
Public School Supplemental
Services
Choice
AYP
Step
1
AYP
Step
2
Corrective
Action
AYP
Step
3
Implement
Plan
For
Alternative
Governance
Plan for
Alternative
Governance
AYP
Step
4
Identified for School Improvement
Tacoma School District - 36
AYP
Step
5
HIGH SCHOOL: 2006-2007
Met AYP?
Foss
NO
Lincoln
NO
Mt. Tahoma
NO
Stadium
NO
Wilson
NO
Oakland Alt
NO
SOTA
YES
Fresh Start
YES
Tacoma School District - 37
MIDDLE SCHOOL: 2006-2007
A. Giaudrone
Baker
*Gault
Gray
Hunt
*Jason Lee
Mason
*McIlvaigh
Meeker
Stewart
Truman
Met AYP?
NO
NO
NO
NO
AYP STEP
4
1
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
Tacoma School District - 38
4
4
ELEMENTARY: 2006-2007
Met AYP?
AYP STEP
Met AYP?
AYP STEP
•Arlington
YES
Lowell
YES
•Birney
YES
Lyon
YES
•Blix
YES
1
Manitou Park
YES
•Boze
YES
1
Mann
YES
•Browns Pt
YES
McCarver
YES
1
•Bryant
YES
McKinley
YES
1
•Crescent Hgts
YES
NE Tacoma
YES
•DeLong
YES
•Downing
Pt Defiance
YES
YES
•Edison
Reed
YES
YES
•Fawcett
YES
Roosevelt
YES
•Fern Hill
YES
Sheridan
YES
•Franklin
YES
Sherman
YES
•Geiger
YES
Skyline
YES
•Grant
YES
Stanley
YES
•H. Stafford
YES
Wainwright
YES
•Jefferson
YES
WA/Hoyt
YES
•Larchmont
YES
Whitman
YES
•Lister
NO
Whittier
YES
Tacoma School District - 39
1
Gault Grade 7 Total Reading
Reading Results
for Gault 7th Gradefrom 1998 to 2007
Ten Year WASL
Trend
Summary
90
% of Students Meeting Standard
80
69
70
69
62
60
58
60
54
53
48
50
40
61
45
42
41
38
42
40
38
37
37
34
30
32
30
29
31
29
23
20
22
20
14
12
8
10
0
1998**
1999***
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
State
District
38.4
28.6
40.8
29.7
41.5
31.6
39.8
28.6
44.5
34.3
47.9
36.9
60.4
53.2
69.0
57.8
61.5
53.7
68.5
61.4
School
8.3
11.6
14.4
20.4
23.3
22.2
42.4
37.6
37.1
30.8
* 1997 - 4th Graders Tested
** 1998 - 4th and 7th Graders Tested
Tacoma School District - 40
McIlvaigh Grade 7 Total Reading
Ten Year WASL
Trend
Summary
from 1998 to 2007
Reading Results
for McIlvaigh 7th Grade
90
% of Students Meeting Standard
80
69
70
69
62
60
60
48
50
47
45
42
41
38
40
37
32
30
29
29
24
20
14
38
36
34
30
56
54
53
40
61
58
16
14
25
12
10
0
1998**
1999***
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
State
38.4
40.8
41.5
39.8
44.5
47.9
60.4
69.0
61.5
68.5
District
28.6
29.7
31.6
28.6
34.3
36.9
53.2
57.8
53.7
61.4
School
13.6
16.1
14.4
12.3
23.7
25.4
36.4
47.2
38.4
56.1
* 1997 - 4th Graders Tested
** 1998 - 4th and 7th Graders Tested
*** 1999 - 4th, 7th and 10th Graders
Tacoma School District - 41
Jason Lee Grade 7 Total Reading
Ten Year WASL
Trend
Summary
from 1998 to 2007
Reading Results
for Jason Lee 7th Grade
90
% of Students Meeting Standard
80
69
70
69
62
60
60
55
53
48
50
40
42
41
38
40
37
35
32
30
29
57
54
46
45
34
30
61
58
29
28
24
20
17
20
13
13
1998**
1999***
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
State
38.4
40.8
41.5
39.8
44.5
47.9
60.4
69.0
61.5
68.5
District
28.6
29.7
31.6
28.6
34.3
36.9
53.2
57.8
53.7
61.4
School
12.9
13.2
19.5
16.9
24.3
28.4
34.9
55.0
46.1
57.1
10
0
* 1997 - 4th Graders Tested
** 1998 - 4th and 7th Graders Tested
Tacoma School District - 42
District Improvement Plan
• Close the achievement gap while
increasing overall student achievement.
• Develop collaborative systems to support
and sustain improved instruction.
• Attract, develop, and retain highly qualified
and culturally competent staff.
Tacoma School District - 43