Computing in the Developing World
Valeria Esther Nigri Musafir
Brazil – Rio de Janeiro
E-Government in Brazil
• Introduction
• E-government Policy
• Infra-Structure
• E-government Portal
• Open Source
• Cases of Success
• Social/Digital Divide
• Future Challenges
• References
Background
Biggest public IT services provider in
Brazil
Project Manager for e-government
implementations
System Engineer with Master in Computer Science – PUC/RJ
Hubert H. Humphrey Fellow 2002-2003
University of Washington, Seattle
Professional Affiliations
City of Seattle (DoIT) and Microsoft
Introduction
Brazil area: 8,514,204 sq km
(World fifth largest country)
USA area: 9,372,614 sq km
Demographic Data
Population (2001)
Urban
81.25 %
Rural
18.75 %
Brazil
EUA
175,850,000
284,796,890
50.8% Fem
50.9% Fem
Region
Population
%
North
7.6
Northeast
28.12
Southeast
42.65
South
14.79
Central West
6.85
Source: Censo 2000
E-Government Policy
•
Information Society Program led by the Ministry of Science and Technology
in 1999 - coordinate and leverage all government initiatives on the Internet
with the involvement of citizens, private initiatives, government and scientific
communities
Goal  social inclusion of all Brazilians in the new society and help the
country’s economy compete on the global market
www.socinfo.org.br  Green Book
•
Inter-ministerial Workgroups supervises the Program - propose policies,
norms , directions related with the new forms of electronic interaction.
Lines of action:
 Market, Employment and Opportunities – support the implementation
of e-commerce
 Universalization of Services for Citizens Education in the Information
Society – promote systems for collective or shared access to Internet
E-Government Policy
 Contents and Cultural Identity – promote the generation of contents and
applications that emphasize Brazilian cultural identity and matters of local
and regional relevance
 Government at everyone’s reach – promote the computerization of
government administration and the employment of standards in its
applicable systems
 R&D Key Technologies and Applications – pinpoint the strategic
technologies for industrial and economic development and promote R&D
projects in universities and in the productive sector
 Advanced Infra-Structure and New Services – implement a basic
national infrastructure of information, integrating the various specialized
network structures – government, private sector and R&D
Infra- Structure
Telecommunications and Computers
Between 70’s and 80’s – industry of minicomputers
90’s – open model (significant reduction of imports taxes)
1997 – Privatization of the telecommunications and creation of the National
Technology Agency (ANATEL)
Fixed phones – 13.3 million (1994) to 49.4 million (2002)
Cell phones – 800,000 (1994) to 31.6 million (2002)
Infra- Structure
Internet
Internet users: 14.3 million (8,31% of the Brazilian's population)
9th position in the world and first in Latin America
Computer access – 15%
Br@sil.gov Network – integration of local networks in a multi-service network
for the federal government
Internet Providers in 350 out of 5,561 county
World Economic Forum 2002-2003 – Readiness for the Networked World
Overall – #32 (out of 82) and #1 of Latin America countries
E-Government - #15
E-Commerce - #18
The OAS chose Brazil to lead the Latin America cooperation network for the egovernment
E-Government Services
•
•
•
•
Out of Internet
Informational
Interaction
Transactional
-
15%
45%
20%
20%
E-Government Portal
www.e.gov.br
1700 services
22,000 links
www.saopaulo.sp.gov.br
1,700 sites from the federal,
state and local levels
40 million page view/month
www.portoalegre.rs.gov.br
www.rio.rj.gov.br
Open Source
Squid
OpenOffice
StarOffice
Linux Conectiva
OpenBSD
KDE
Apache Web Server
Netscape
FreeBSD
GNU Linux
Linux Redhat
Mozilla Browser
perl
Gnome
PHP
PostGres
Java
MySQL
BerkeleyDB
www.softwarelivre.org
Open Source
•
“Projeto Software Livre RS” – Open source project has the involvement of Rio
Grande do Sul state government, public and private institutions in order to
promote the open source as an economic and technological alternative for the
proprietary software.
•
“Projeto Rede Escolar Livre RS” – every public school in RS state should use
open source software (basically GSU Linux)
•
“Forum Social Mundial 2003” - World Social Forum – Porto Alegre, Jan 2003
•
“IV Forum Internacional de Software Livre” – Porto Alegre, June 5-7,2003
•
Porto Alegre Maps in the Internet (Geoprocessing)
•
Network Integration using Linux servers
•
Banrisul (Bank of Rio Grande do Sul State) is using Conectiva Linux in their
ATM machines (340 out of 2000) .
www.softwarelivre.org
Open x Commercial Software
Steve Ballmer - Partnering with
Government to realize potential
Bill Gates
• U$5 bi investment in R&D
Open Standard x Open Source
• Rigorous engineering processes
XML Web Services
• High value & easy to use technologies
• Government should give equal
opportunities to open & commercial
softwares
Cases of Success
Electronic Elections
The only totally electronic election in the world – 130 million people voted
electronically (elected candidates in last than 24 hours)
Portugal, Angola and the state of Florida are interested in electronic ballot
 Follow-up of Judicial Processes
Information on Retirement Funds and other Social Security Benefits (5.7 million
transactions in 2000)
Cases of Success
E-government
April 30,2003
ReceitaNet
17,500 million
2002
16,500 million from Internet
15,500 million declaration of tax revenue
(95% of the total declarations)
14,165 million sent from Internet
25,3% sent in the last 3 days
600,000 - paper
1,6 million in the last day
ReceitaNet Awards
Recognition of Microsoft
Good Practice in e-government from the European Economic Commonwealth (2001)
5 times winner in IBest category Government/Public Services (since 98)
INFO 2000 Award - Best Public Services Site
www.receita.fazenda.gov.br
Cases of Success
E-procurement
130,000 access/month
600,000 transactions/month
140 biddings/day for the governmental ministries, secretaries and agencies.
Saving of 25% off conventional purchasing methods
6 months -> 20 days
Brazil recently signed a cooperation treaty with Bolivia
ComprasNet Awards
”Good Practice in e-governance” from the European Economic Commonwealth
(Nov 2002)
Hélio Beltrão Award
Local government e-procurement
www.comprasnet.gov.br
Social Divide
A Country of Contrasts
Amazonia
Two ways of living waterfront
Rio de Janeiro
Social Divide
A Country of Contrasts
Digital Divide
 Goal: Install Electronic Points of Presence (PEP) in every Brazilian town with
more than 600 inhabitants to provide free access to the services delivered
through Internet.
•
Installation of 3,500 kiosks around the country
Today : installation of 80 pilot kiosks in the federal administrative agencies
•
“e-Post” Project from the Post Office: provide 4,200 terminals in their
branches for the citizen.
Goal: provide for every branch with more than 10,000 inhabitants at least one
terminal (until the end of 2003)
•
Service 0700 – implement a cheaper and flat telephonic tariff in all Brazilian
counties, ending up with an interurban tariff to access the Internet
Digital Divide
•
Project “Acessa Sao Paulo” – 69
infocentros (“telecentres”) with free
internet access in the interior and low
income communities of Sao Paulo.
Number of people attended: 750,000
Goal: 300 infocentros until the end of
the year
www.acessasaopaulo.sp.gov.br
• Project “Sampa.org” – bring Internet to
the periphery of Sao Paulo.
10 telecentres with free Internet access,
classes for children and young people
and a portal devoted to citizenship and
culture
www.sampa.org.br
Digital Divide
•
CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology)
headquarter in Rio de Janeiro – since 1995
•
Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through its selfsustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low
income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually
impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people
37 regional CDI
10 international CDI
www.cdi.org.br
Digital Divide
•
CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology)
headquarter in Rio de Janeiro – since 1995
•
Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through its selfsustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low
income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually
impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people
www.cdi.org.br
Digital Divide
•
CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology)
headquarter in Rio de Janeiro – since 1995
•
Implements educational programs in Brazil and abroad through its selfsustainable Information Technology and Citizens Rights schools for low
income community centers and special needs individuals such as visually
impaired, psychiatric patients, homeless children and indigenous people
CDI Awards
Nov. 2002 "UNESCO 2002 Award",
category Comunication and Information
Jan. 2001 – Rodrigo Baggio is selected by
World Economic Forum - as one of the
"100 Global Leaders for Tomorrow".
www.cdi.org.br
Digital Divide
www.serpro.gov.br
Certificate Authority
Future Challenges
•
Establish policies to reduce the digital divide
•
Incorporate the productive sector and the universities more effectively
•
Integrate the e-Government with the states and local levels
•
Enhance partnerships with the civil society and local communities
•
Make use of International Cooperation Organizations (FTAA, ALADI, WTO,
Mercosur, EU )
References
• Information Society in Brazil – Green Book
www.socinfo.org.br/livro_verde/ingles/download.htm
• E-government Portal
www.e.gov.br
• Brazil’s Federal Government e-Procurement Portal
www.comprasnet.gov.br
• Federal Revenue and Customs Secretariat Portal
www.receita.fazenda.gov.br
• SERPRO Portal
www.serpro.gov.br
References
• Projeto Software Livre RS (Open Source Project)
www.softwarelivre.org
• CDI (Committee for the Democratization of Information Technology)
www.cdi.org.br
• Project “Acessa Sao Paulo”
www.acessasaopaulo.sp.gov.br
• Project “Sampa.org”
www.sampa.org.br
valeria@u.washington.edu