Honors Biology Final Exam Question bank – Matt Rice South Meck. 2013
MULTIPLE CHOICE: This exam contains 125 multiple choice questions. Read each question
and their corresponding answers completely and carefully. Choose the best answer and mark
the corresponding letter choice on your answer sheet.
Directions: Use the diagrams below to answer questions 1 – 2
_____1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The diagram shows a plant cell and an animal cell. Which structure is found in a plant cell
but is absent in an animal cell?
G
K
B
M
_____2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The cell uses structure A to
To transport material from one part of the cell to another
To package proteins so they can be stored by the cell
As a receptor protein
To make energy
_____3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which structure immediately identifies the cells as eukaryotes?
B
E
I
G
_____4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Structure C is
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
_____5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Structure H is
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
_____6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The plant cell organelles that contains photosynthetic pigments are
Centrioles
Lysosomes
Amyloplasts
Chloroplasts
_____7.
A bacterium will construct different proteins to metabolize the sugars lactose or glucose,
depending on which one it detects in the outside environment. What part of the bacterium
allows it to recognize different substances in the outside environment?
Lysosome
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Vacuole
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____8.
Which mitochondrion will make more energy during aerobic cellular respiration?
Figure A
Figure B
a. Figure A
b. Figure B
_____9.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____10.
a.
b.
c.
d.
In both plants and animals, food molecules are broken down and CO2 is released by
Cellular respiration
The carbon cycle
Breathing
Glycolysis
In a microscope, if the eyepiece has a magnification of 10x and the objective lens has a
magnification of 15x, what would be the total magnification of the object viewed?
10x
15x
100x
150x
Use the following diagram to answer questions 11-15
_____11.
a.
b.
c.
d.
When viewing a prepared slide
under a microscope, a student
has to remove her glasses. This
means she will need to readjust
for fine focus with which part
labeled above?
A
B
I
J
a.
b.
c.
d.
What opens and closes the
control of the amount of light
allowed to pass through the
object being viewed?
J
I
E
B
a.
b.
c.
d.
One advantage of electron microscopes over light microscopes is their
Size
Two dimensional image
Higher magnification
Use of live specimens
Cell
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which cell in the diagram to the right
represents a prokaryotic cell?
Cell A because it has a nucleus
Cell A because it lacks a nucleus
Cell B because it has a nucleus
Cell B because it lacks a nucleus
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells have no membrane around their nuclear material, eukaryotic cells do
Prokaryotic cells have no nuclear material, eukaryotic cells do
Prokaryotic cells can move on their own, eukaryotic cells can’t
Prokaryotic cells engage in photosynthesis, eukaryotic cells don’t
_____12.
_____13.
_____14.
_____15.
A
Cell B
_____16.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells
Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart
Muscle cells experience different environmental conditions than blood cells
a.
b.
c.
d.
Specialized cells are specialized for particular tasks. Bone cells are specialized to provide
Structure and support
Movement
Transport oxygen
Reproduction
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which term best describes how cells work together in your body?
Corporation
Cooperation
Competition
Coagulation
a.
b.
c.
d.
Young people grow to become adults and take jobs that serve a specific role in our
economy and society. Everyone starts as a child with the potential to fill almost any of the
jobs available. Which part of the biotic systems of cells does this situation resemble?
Apoptosis
Stem cells
Genetic engineering
Regeneration
a.
b.
c.
d.
The nerve cell shown has branches that develop during cell
specialization. Which of these functions does a nerve cell’s
branches help the cell perform?
Communicating with other cells
Moving from location to location
Storing extra DNA
Exerting force on non-nervous tissue
a.
b.
c.
d.
Tissue samples taken from the heart and stomach of a
grasshopper would be expected to have the same
Cell shape
Cell size
DNA
Metabolic rates
_____17.
_____18.
_____19.
_____20.
_____21.
_____22.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Animal populations that are the least specialized generally stand the best chance of survival
when the environment suddenly and drastically changes because they are able to
Individuals can adapt to different conditions
Mutate rapidly
Move from place to place
Reproduce abundantly
a.
b.
c.
d.
Because cells have a watery environment both inside and outside, the polar ends of the
phospholipids in the plasma membrane form
Single layers
Double layers
Several layers
A branching structure
a.
b.
c.
d.
If animal or plant cells are placed in a very concentrated sugar solution water will
Pass from the sugar solution into the cells
Pass from the cells into the sugar solution
Stay in the cell
Pass back and forth equally
a.
b.
c.
d.
Some peeled pieces of apple were placed in distilled water and some in very salty water.
The cells in the apple pieces will
Lose water in both solutions
Gain water in both solutions
Lose water in the distilled water and gain water in the salty water
Gain water in the distilled water and lose water in the salty water
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is not a form of passive transport?
Osmosis
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Endocytosis
_____23.
_____24.
_____25.
_____26.
_____27.
Which conditions might cause a cell to burst?
_____28.
The diagram below shows a section of a cell membrane that includes a channel protein.
The function of this protein is to
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____29.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Strengthen the outer boundary of the cell
Connect reproductive cells during fertilization
Allow certain substances to enter or leave the cell
Exchange organelles or chromosomes between specialized cells
Choose the correct statement about diffusion
Diffusion is an active process that requires the cell to expend a great deal of energy
Diffusion only occurs in living systems
During diffusion, molecules move from an area where their concentration is low to an area
where their concentration is high until molecules are evenly dispersed
During diffusion, molecules move from an area where their concentration is high to an area
where their concentration is low until molecules are evenly dispersed
_____30.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The main reason that eating salty foods makes a person thirsty is that additional fluid is
needed to
Increase the salinity of the blood
Dissolve salt crystals in the stomach
Maintain the fluid balance in the cells
Prevent damage to the lining of the throat
a.
b.
c.
d.
Some fish travel from saltwater to freshwater or from freshwater to saltwater but still
maintain the concentration of salt and water in their cells that is best for them. This is an
example of
Mutation
Positive feedback
Homeostasis
Cellular injury
a.
b.
c.
d.
Biochemical systems in the human body are maintained at about a neutral pH except for the
Blood
Stomach fluids
Internal material of living cells
Lymph
a.
b.
c.
d.
Before mitosis begins, what happens before the nucleus starts dividing?
The cytoplasm separates
The DNA replicates
The sister chromatids separate
The homologous chromosomes cross over
_____31.
_____32.
_____33.
_____34.
The chromosomes shown are in what state of mitosis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Cytokinesis
_____35.
Which of the cells in the line graph are most
likely cancerous?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A
B
C
D
a.
b.
c.
d.
The longest phase of the cell cycle is
Interphase
Prophase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
a.
b.
c.
d.
List the correct order for the stages of mitosis shown in the diagram
D, B, C, A, E, F
E, F, A, D, B, C
F, A, D, B, E, C
C, E, F, A, D, B
a.
b.
c.
d.
The two main stages of cell division are
Mitosis and interphase
Synthesis and mitosis
Mitosis and cytokinesis
Cytokinesis and interphase
a.
b.
c.
d.
As a result of mitosis in a human body cell, each of the two nuclei formed has
A diploid set of chromosomes
23 chromosomes
92 chromosomes
A haploid set of chromosomes
_____36.
_____37.
_____38.
_____39.
_____40.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the name of the phase labeled X?
Prophase
Cytokinesis
Telophase
Interphase
a.
b.
c.
d.
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes can exchange
DNA in a process known as
Replication
Internal fertilization
Cytokinesis
Crossing over
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which process produces the most variation within a species?
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Binary fission
Cloning
a.
b.
c.
d.
The diagram shows a unicellular protist. What is the function of structure B?
Movement
Water balance
Circulation
Attachment
a.
b.
c.
d.
The diagram of euglena, a unicellular protist shows several structures. What is the function
of the flagella?
Movement
Water balance
Circulation
Attachment
_____41.
_____42.
_____43.
_____44.
_____45.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____46.
Rabbits have developed behavioral and physiological strategies to sustain them through
periods of environmental stress. Which of the numbered life processes could be sacrificed
with affecting an individual rabbit’s survival in periods of extremely poor environmental
conditions?
1
2
3
4
b.
c.
d.
What do phototaxis and chemotaxis enable
organisms to do?
Move toward needed resources, or away from
toxins
Prevent invasion by bacterial colonies
Defend themselves against herbivores
Develop pesticide resistance by exchanging DNA
a.
b.
c.
d.
Many Northern Hemisphere birds respond to seasonal environmental changes by
Hibernating
Mutating
Migrating
Estivating
a.
b.
c.
d.
The pictures show the cross section of the
intestines of different animals. Which
intestine can absorb the least amount of
nutrition per centimeter of length of the
intestine?
F
G
H
K
a.
b.
c.
d.
The pheromones by which ants transmit information are
Visual signals
Sound signals
Electrical signals
Chemical signals
a.
_____47.
_____48.
_____49.
_____50.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lichens are composed of both fungal and algal (or cyanobacterial) components. The fungal
component absorbs nutrients for both organisms while the algal component manufactures
food for both organisms through photosynthesis. This type of symbiotic relationship is
referred to as
Parasitism
Commensalism
Predation
Mutualism
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the biotic parts of the environment through
Burning of forests
Photosynthesis
Burning of fossil fuels
Renewable resources
a.
b.
c.
d.
Water is lost to the abiotic parts of the environment from the biotic parts of the environment
by the process of
Precipitation
Photosynthesis
Transpiration
Infiltration
a.
b.
c.
d.
For a particular species, the carrying capacity is
The maximum number of individuals the environment can support
The number of animals in the population that are in their post-reproductive years
The number of individuals the species could produce
Maximum number that could be supported by any environment over one year
a.
b.
c.
d.
This food chain can be found off the coastal waters
of North Carolina. The population of which
organisms in the food chain would be first to decline
if commercial fishing over-harvested shrimp?
Algae
Damselfish
Barracuda
Zooplankton
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is a density-independent
limiting factor?
Disease
Parasites
Earthquake
Emigration
_____51.
_____52.
_____53.
_____54.
_____55.
_____56.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
Bacteria
Consumers
Plants
Humans
a.
b.
c.
d.
According to the energy pyramid, the most energy is
available in the organisms living at the same level as
Grass
Grasshoppers
Birds
Bobcat
a.
b.
c.
d.
Some plant roots grow with mycorrhizal fungi. The fungi absorb water and minerals and
pass them on to the plant and receive carbohydrates from the plant. This is an example of
Parasitism
Mutualism
Competition
Predation
a.
b.
c.
d.
In the diagram, which organism provides nutrients
for the largest number of other organisms?
Herring
Snapper
Bluefish
Seal
a.
b.
c.
d.
What do the arrows in the diagram represent?
Direction of energy flow
Fundamental niche
Evolutionary relationships
Parasitism
a.
b.
c.
d.
Based on this classification scheme, the
European otter and the leopard are in
the same
Kingdom but different orders
Genus but in different species
Order but in different families
Family but different genera
_____57.
_____58.
_____59.
_____60.
_____61.
_____62.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gymnosperms (a group of plants including conifers) and angiosperms (flowering plants)
share many traits but are classified in separate groups. Which is a difference between
gymnosperms and angiosperms?
Only angiosperms form wood
Only gymnosperms reproduce with spores
Only angiosperms produce seeds within fruits
Only gymnosperms have vascular tissue
a.
b.
c.
d.
When a population surpasses its carrying capacity
Limiting factors operate to remove members of the population
The ecosystem cannot maintain the population for long
Predation, parasitism, competition, crowding and stress become very strong
All of the above
_____63.
_____64.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____65.
How are the populations of rabbits and
foxes connected in the predator-prey
graph?
The population of foxes increases after
the population of rabbits
The population of rabbits increases after
the population of foxes
The population of foxes increases
before the population of rabbits
Predator and prey populations are not
connected
a.
b.
c.
d.
If a predator of the fox enters the food
chain, in the short term you might
expect the number of
Foxes and rabbits to become equal
Foxes to increase
Rabbits to increase
Foxes and rabbits to decrease
a.
b.
c.
d.
When a group of foxes moves to a new environment, a change in which of the following is
least likely to be a selective pressure on the foxes?
Temperature
Food sources
Decomposers
Predator populations
_____66.
_____67.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Resources that are used up faster than they can be replenished are examples of
Sustainable crops
Renewable resources
Non-renewable resources
Biodiversity
a.
b.
c.
d.
The following occurs when carbon dioxide water, and methane molecules absorb energy
radiated by Earth's surface to slow the release of this energy from Earth's atmosphere
Ozone depletion
Acid Rain
Greenhouse Effect
Eutrophication
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the primary cause of species extinction today?
Overhunting
Habitat loss
Invasive species
Global warming
_____68.
_____69.
d.
A sea turtle has washed up on a remote section of beach. This is known as “stranding.”
Stranding occurs when a dead, sick or injured sea turtle washes up on the shoreline. Which
statement best explains why “stranding” should be reported immediately to local authorities?
The information can be very useful to biologists and managers who are trying to protect the
species
The information can be very useful to protect the sea turtles from predators
The information can be very useful to local fishermen who try to catch fish that sea turtles
eat.
The information can be very useful to tourists who may want to keep sea turtles as pets.
a.
b.
c.
d.
RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic acid
a.
b.
c.
d.
In eukaryotic cells, the process indicated by
arrow A occurs in the
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
Cell membrane
_____70.
a.
b.
c.
_____71.
_____72.
_____73.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____74.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____75.
A strand of DNA has these bases:
AGC CAT GTA TAC
What is the complementary DNA strand?
ACG GAT CTA TAG
TCG GTA CAT ATG
TGC CTA GAT ATC
UCG CUA CAU AUG
Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and
cells?
Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA
Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced
DNA is made up of proteins, which tell the cell how to function
Cells contain DNA, which directs the
production of protein
a.
b.
c.
d.
The diagram represents a process that occurs
within a cell in the human pancreas. This
process is known as
Digestion by enzymes
Protein synthesis
Energy production
Replication of DNA
a.
b.
c.
d.
Scientists can use genetic information to identify people because it is unique to each
person. Which specific characteristic is unique to an individual?
The shape of the DNA molecules in cells
The number of chromosomes in each cell
The sequence of DNA nucleotides in cells
The size of each chromosome in a cell
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which factor most affects the order of amino acids in a protein?
The DNA located in the nucleus of the cell
The cell in which the protein is located
The amount of ATP available for the cell’s use
The area in a cell where proteins are produced
a.
b.
c.
d.
One strand of DNA could be as long as a football field if it were stretched out lengthwise.
One of the factors allowing DNA to fit inside the nucleus of a cell is its ability to
Break apart into separate genes
Extend to form a very long, thin molecules
Coil tightly around associated proteins
Denature from the effect of an enzyme
_____76.
_____77.
_____78.
_____79.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mustard gas removes guanine from DNA. This can cause serious multiple pathologies
because guanine
Is one of the nitrogenous bases of DNA
Forms all the connections between the bases of DNA
Supports the structure of ribosomes
Produces energy for the transfer of genetic information
a.
b.
c.
d.
Dutch Elm Disease is a destructive fungal infection that kills elm trees. Some elms are more
resistant to the disease than other elms. Which best explains this difference?
Resistant trees form a symbiotic relationship with the fungus
Resistant trees gain resistant properties from the soil
Resistant trees have beneficial variations of some genes
Resistant trees produce more frequent mutations
a.
b.
c.
d.
Scientists are using genetic engineering to develop a wheat crop that is resistant to a
particular kind of moth. How would they determine if the plants are moth-resistant?
Determine the length of the moth reproductive cycle in normal wheat
Determine whether moths in test wheat can be controlled with chemical sprays
Monitor numbers of moth species infesting normal wheat
Monitor moth populations in fields planted with test and normal wheat.
a.
b.
c.
d.
A geneticist studying fruit flies hypothesizes that short wings are a recessive trait coded for
by a single gene. Which observation is most likely to have led her to form this hypothesis?
Flies have wing lengths ranging from very long to very short
Flies with long wings are less likely to survive
Flies with long wings can produce offspring with short wings
Flies with short wings prefer to mate with flies with long wings
a.
b.
c.
d.
When you cross TT x Tt - what proportion of the offspring will be homozygous recessive for
tallness?
100%
50%
25%
0%
a.
b.
c.
d.
IN a plant that has red flowers, red flower color, R is completely dominant to white flower
color, r. If the plant is heterozygous for flower color, which alleles will be carried by the
gametes is produces?
R and r
R only
R only
Rr only
_____80.
_____81.
_____82.
_____83.
_____84.
_____85.
a.
b.
c.
d.
In squash plants, yellow fruit (Y) is dominant to white fruit (y). If two plants heterozygous for
yellow fruit are crossed, what are the possible genotypes of their offspring?
Yy only
YY, yy only
Yy, yy only
YY, Yy, yy only
a.
b.
c.
d.
The inheritance of short wings in Drosophila fruit flies is an x-linked, recessive trait. Which
would most likely result if a short-winged femals mates with a long-winged male?
All offspring will be short-winged
All females will be long-winged and all males will be short-winged
All females will be short-winged and all males will be long-winged.
Half of the males and females will be short-winged and half will be long-winged.
a.
b.
c.
d.
In snapdragons, the combined expression of both alleles for flower color produces a new
phenotype that is pink. This illustrates incomplete dominance. The Punnett square shows
that both the white and red snapdragons are homozygous. Which of the following would be
the correct product from a cross between two heterozygous (pink) snapdragons?
2 red, 1 pink, 1 white
1 red, 2 pink, 1 white
3 red, 1 white
1 red, 1 pink, 2 white
a.
b.
c.
d.
The diagram shows a DNA fingerprint from a
daughter horse, the mother horse and four
possible fathers. Which horse is most likely
the father?
Horse 1
Horse 2
Horse 3
Horse 4
_____86.
_____87.
_____88.
_____89.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which technique is used to produce a DNA fingerprint
PCR
Plasmid
Gel electrophoresis
DNA replication
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which technique is used to alter bacteria in such a way that they produce human insulin?
Recombinant DNA formation
Genetic screening
DNA replication
Hydrolysis
_____90.
_____91.
Human blood type expresses both multiple alleles and codominance. What are the chances
that a heterozygous Type A woman and a homozygous Type O man will produce a
homozygous Type O child?
Blood Type
Allelic
Combination
Type A
IAIA or IAi
Type B
IBIB or IBi
Type AB
IA IB
Type O
ii
a.
b.
c.
d.
100 %
75%
50%
25%
a.
b.
c.
d.
In pea plants, tallness is dominant over shortness. If 50% of one generation of pea plants
are short, what were the probable genotypes of the parents?
TT x tt
Tt x Tt
Tt x tt
tt x tt
a.
b.
c.
d.
The pedigree chart represents the inheritance
of color blindness through three generations.
Barbara is expecting another child. What is
the probability that the new baby will be
colorblind?
0%
25%
50%
100%
_____92.
_____93.
_____94.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What would be the appropriate
diagnosis for a person with this
karyotype?
Female, monosomy X
Male, trisomy 13
Female, trisomy 21
Male, fragile X
a.
b.
c.
d.
Fur on the extremities of certain animals will be darker because the enzyme for melanin
production will operate at cooler temperatures but is sensitive to heat on the rest of the
body. The black fur patch on the back of this rabbit is an example of:
The environment influencing phenotype
The environment influencing genotype
An acquired characteristic
A transgenic organism
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is evidence to support the idea that two different species might have
a common ancestor?
Their fossils were discovered in the same location
Many of their genes are the same
Their methods of respiration are alike
They use the same means of locomotion
_____95.
_____96.
_____97.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The information in the table supports which
conclusion?
Frogs are more closely related to monkeys than to
sea anemones
Frogs, monkeys and sea anemones are classified
into different kingdoms
Sea anemones are more complex than frogs or
monkeys
Sea anemones and monkeys are adapted to similar
environments
_____98.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____99.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____100.
The table indicates the number of amino
acids that differ in the amino acid sequence
of the hemoglobin from selected organisms
when compared to human hemoglobin. On
the basis of this information, which
organism would be classified as most
closely related to humans?
Lamprey
Frog
Dog
Macaque
What did the work of these scientists
contribute to the study of biology?
It disproved the theory of spontaneous
generation
It supported hypotheses about the origin of
life
It provided an alternative to the cell theory of
life
It explained the method by which natural
selection occurs.
Which graph best illustrates the expected change in the finch population if the environment
changes to favor small beaks?
_____101.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____102.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____103.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____104.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____105.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Charles Darwin proposed his theory of evolution based
on observations of nature. Which observation that
contributed to his theory is illustrated by this population
of beetles?
Environmental resources are limited
Populations remain stable over time
Individuals within a population may vary widely
Species produce more offspring than can survive
Which statement is best supported by the
phylogenetic tree shown?
Species V is still alive today and is the oldest species
Species W is still developing form a prior species
Species X, Y and Z became extinct 20 million years
ago
Species W first came into existence 10 million years
ago
An understanding of which of these best enabled
scientists to determine the approximate ages of
fossils?
Physics
Genetics
Gravity
Radioactivity
Over many generations, unrelated or distantly related species may come to resemble each
other due to
Similar environmental factors
Similar genetic mutations
Homologous structural adaptations
Competition with each other
A large population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. A few of the
cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this
spray. What can best be inferred from this example?
A species will adapt no matter what the environment
The environment has no effect on the survival of an organism
Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation
Individuals with favorable mutations survive and reproduce
_____106.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____107.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____108.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____109.
a.
b.
c.
d.
When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are killed and some escape. Which
part of Darwin’s concept of natural selection might be used to describe this situation?
Acquired characteristics
Survival of the fittest
Descent with modification
Reproductive isolation
Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of birds with similar body shape and size. However
they vary greatly in color and beak shape. Each species occupies its own niche and is
adapted to the foods available in its niche. The evolution from a common ancestor is an
example of
Divergent evolution
Cross-pollination
Vegetative propagation
Convergent evolution
The flying squirrel of North America closely resembles the flying phalanger of Australia.
They are similar in size and have long bushy tails and skin folds that allow them to glide
through the air. The squirrel is a placental mammal, while the phalanger is a marsupial.
These close resemblances, even though genetically and geographically separated by great
distances can be best explained by
Convergent evolution
Divergent evolution
Spontaneous generation
Vestigial structures
Vincent wanted to confirm the statement that the enzyme pepsin is needed in addition to
hydrochloric acid to digest protein in the stomach. He placed equal amounts of albumin (egg
white protein) and equal amounts of dilute hydrochloric acid in each of four test tubes. Then
he added a pinch of pepsin to test tubes C and D. He placed all four test tubes in a warm
place overnight. The next day, two of the test tubes were milky white. What is the variable in
the experiment described here?
Concentration of hydrochloric acid
Presence of pepsin
Location of the tubes
Amount of albumin
_____110.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____111.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____112.
The most abundant compound in living things is
Carbon dioxide
Water
Sodium chloride
Sugar
A covalent bond is formed by
Sharing electrons
Transferring electrons
Losing electrons
Gaining electrons
The diagram below represents a portion of an organic molecule.
In the diagram above, what is represented by the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____113.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Simple sugar
Polypeptide
Nucleotide
Codon
Which are the four most abundant elements in living cells?
Carbon, oxygen nitrogen, sulfur
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
Carbon, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus
Carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, magnesium
_____114.
The effect of pH on a certain enzyme is shown in the graph below.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the optimal pH for this enzyme?
Above 10
Between 8 and 10
Between 5 and 7
Below 5
_____115.
Which compound represents a carbohydrate?
_____116.
Which compound represents the basic unit of both a DNA
molecule and an RNA molecule?
_____117.
Which compound would be linked together by peptide bonds?
A
B
_____118.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____119.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____120.
a.
b.
c.
d.
An element found in all proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids is
Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
C
D
Which compounds are produced in human muscle cells as a result of the oxidation of
glucose in the absence of oxygen?
Lipase and water
Sucrose and carbondioxide
Ethyl acohol and ATP
Lactic acid and ATP
_____121.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____122.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____123.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____124.
a.
b.
c.
d.
_____125.
a.
b.
c.
d.
If a student tested the gas bubbles collected in
the test tube, what would she find they are made
of?
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen gas
Oxygen
Carbon monoxide
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water
and carbon dioxide into
Oxygen
High energy sugars and starches
ATP and oxygen
Oxygen and high energy sugars and starches
Most plants appear green because they contain
High energy sugars
Mitochondria
Chlorophyll
Centrioles
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 +6H2O + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Energy 6CO2 +6H2O
6CO2+ 6H2O  C6H12O6 +6O2 + Energy
6CO2+ 6H2O + Energy C6H12O6 +6O2
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
Food molecules
ATP
Carbon dioxide
Water