REACTIVITY
NAME THAT
ANTIBODY
COLDS
GENETICS
MNSs
SYSTEM
1pt
1 pt
1 pt
1pt
1 pt
2 pt
2 pt
2pt
2pt
2 pt
3 pt
3 pt
3 pt
3 pt
3 pt
4 pt
4 pt
4pt
4 pt
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5pt
5 pt
5 pt
5 pt
5 pt
Antigens and antibodies
of the Kidd blood group
system can be detected
in this phase of testing.
AHG
When this antibody reacts
with the target antigen, the
reaction appears to be
mixed-field, and the
agglutinates appear to
sparkle when examined
microscopically.
Anti-Sda
This tapeworm by-product
can be used to neutralize
anti-P1.
Hydatid cyst fluid
Although the Sda antigen is
found in most body fluids, it
will be found in the greatest
concentration here.
Urine
This IgG antibody may bind
complement, then dissociate
from the RBC, leaving the
complement behind. (i.e. It is a
complement- dependant
antibody.)
Anti-Jka
This antibody accounts for
two-thirds of all non-Rh
immune antibodies.
Anti-K
This usually cold reacting
antibody will sometimes
react at 37C, causing
hemolysis.
a
Anti-Le
or
b
–Le
or
anti-P1
The antibodies in this
system are notorious for
causing delayed hemolytic
transfusion reactions.
Kidd
DAILY DOUBLE
This antibody rarely causes
hemolytic transfusion
reactions because it can be
neutralized by antigens found
in the plasma.
Lewis
Parasitic infections, early
abortions, and PCH have all
been associated with antibodies
in this blood group.
P
Antibodies in these blood
group systems generally react
at room temperature and
below.
Lewis
Lua
Ii
MN
P1
(LIMP)
This system’s antigens are not
true red blood cell antigens,
but are absorbed from the
plasma.
Lewis
This antigen is found almost
exclusively on red blood cells
from cord blood.
i
When antigens and
antibodies in this system
react, the agglutinates are
said to be fragile, and
appear to look like clusters
of grapes.
Lewis
This autoantibody reacts with
all antibody screen and panel
cells, and is commonly found
in the serum of Group A1
individuals.
Anti-H
(or anti-IH)
This is the most common
form of inheritance for
blood group antigens.
Codominant
Inheritance of this gene
results in the absence of
Kidd antigens on the
RBCs.
In(Jk)
[or Jk if inherited
homozygously]
This Duffy phenotype is
found in 68% of the black
population, but is NOT found
in the white population.
Fy (a-b-)
The genes that control
expression of this blood
group system are located on
chromosome 1.
Duffy
or
Rh
If a patient has
homozygous inheritance of
Le, se, H and O genes,
these antigens will be
present in his saliva.
a
Le
only
Anti-M will sometimes react
stronger with an RBC that has
homozygous antigen expression
rather than a cell with
heterozygous antigen expression.
This is the term that describes that
characteristic.
Dosage
Because MN antigens are
well developed at birth, in
the past they have been
useful in determining this.
Paternity
Patients undergoing renal
dialysis may develop this
antibody.
Anti-N
Typing a patient’s RBCs for this
antigen may not be possible. By
proving the RBCs are S-s-, one
can establish the probability
they are also negative for this
antigen.
U
This antibody has
examples that react best at
a pH of 6.5.
Anti-M