End of the War
Yalta Conference
 Death of F.D.R
 Harry Truman
 V-E Day
 Potsdam Conference
 Manhattan Project
 Robert Oppenheimer
 Hiroshima
 Nagasaki
 V-J Day
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Yalta Conference
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Close to victory in ’45
Stalin, Churchill, and
FDR meet at Yalta to
discuss division of
Europe
Stalin wanted to
punish Germany and
divide Germany into
occupied zones
Churchill strongly
disagreed
FDR mediated
Yalta cont.
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FDR wanted:
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Agreed to temp. division of Germany
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Soviets to join war against Japan
Soviet support for the new UN
British, Soviet, and US
Stalin promised free elections in Poland
and agreed to enter into the war with
Japan
Harry S Truman
FDR died April 12, 1945
 Truman took over
 FDR left Truman on the outside of most
decisions
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No Knowledge of the Manhattan Project
Victory in Europe
V-E Day May 8, 1945
 Soviets moved in and took Berlin
 Hitler committed suicide and left orders
that his body be burned
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Potsdam Conference
July ’45
 “Big 3” met again
 Churchill's party had lost elections
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Churchill was replaced as P.M.
Stalin had changed
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Probably knew of A-bomb
Hadn’t intended to provide Poland with free
elections
Manhattan Project
Led by J.Robert Oppenheimer
 Top secret project
 First test was July 16, 1945
 Truman ordered the dropping of two
bombs
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Manhattan Project cont.
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August 6, 1945
b-29 “Enola Gay” dropped “little boy” on
Hiroshima
Leveled the city
Japan refused to surrender
Three days later “fat man” dropped on Nagasaki
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200,000 people died
Sept. 2, 1945 Japan signed the surrender aboard
the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay
V-J Day
Occupation of Japan
MacArthur controlled Japan after the war
 1,100 Japanese were tried for war crimes
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7 sentenced to death, including Tojo, for
atrocities against civilians or P.O.W.s
7 year occupation of Japan by MacArthur
 Introduced:
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Free market economy
New constitution
Women’s suffrage
Basic freedoms
Occupation of Japan cont.
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The Emperor was
allowed to continue to
help the transition
from the old world to
the new democracy
Had to admit to not
being a god
Paying for the War in Europe
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24 surviving Nazi leaders were put on trial
for :
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Crimes against Humanity
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War Crimes
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Murder
Enslavement
Extermination
Killing hostages
Plundering private property
Destruction of towns and cities
Crimes against the Peace
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Planning and waging an aggressive war
Nuremburg Trials
Trials of German war criminals took place
in Nuremburg, Germany
 The court panel was made up of judges
from the victorious countries
 12 of 24 sentenced to death
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Remaining sent to prison
200 more Nazis were found guilty of war
crimes