Chapter Guides Packet
Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Geography
Chapter 2: Population
Chapter 3: Migration
Chapter 4: Local Culture, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscapes
Chapter 5: Identity: Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Sexuality
Chapter 6: Language
Chapter 7: Religion
Chapter 8: Political Geography
Chapter 9: Urban Geography
Chapter 10: Development
Chapter 11: Agriculture
Chapter 12: Industry and Services
Chapter 13: The Humanized Environment
Chapter 14: Globalization and the Geography of Networks
HGAP Chapter 1 Guide
pages 1 – 35
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 34: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 1 -8: Field Note: Awakening to World Hunger
1. In Kenya, what are the major issues that play a role in the country’s malnutrition?
2. What are the issues places like Kenya and Bangladesh face that places like Norway don’t that tie it the
country’s ability to feed its population?
Pages 8-9: How does globalization depend upon scale?
Page 16: Figure 1.10
1. What does the map depict?
2. Why does the time zone boundary run through Indiana in that way? Cite 2 specific reasons that back up
your idea.
Pages 16-17: Explain the difference between relative location and absolute location in your own words. Provide
an example not from the textbook to explain them.
Pages 23-31: In a brief paragraph, explain how interconnectedness changes how scales behave with (and toward)
one another. Provide examples not from the textbook to help you explain.
HGAP Chapter 2 Guide
pages 36-77
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 77: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 36-37: Field Note: Basic Infrastructure
1. Define “infrastructure” in your own words.
2. Where is the author? What infrastructure does the location have that South Dakota lacks?
3. What does South Dakota have that Shanghai and Beijing do not?
4. List three major concerns about the water supply.
5. How do population pressures play a role in Shanghai and Beijing’s infrastructure issues?
Pages 39-40:
1. Explain the difference between population density and arithmetic population density. Do not restate the
definitions, explain how and why they are different.
2. Explain 2 reasons why or why not physical population density does/does not solve the problems of
population analysis.
Pages 41-43 (including Figure 2.5): For each region listed (East Asia, South Asia, Europe, North America), answer
the following:
1. Areas of high population density for each
2. Areas of low population density for each
3. List 3 reasons why people are attracted to the areas of high population density.
Pages 45-47:
1. Who is Paul Ehrlich? What does his work involve? List two of his basic ideas.
2. Who is Thomas Malthus? What does his work involved? List two of his basic ideas.
3. List 3 major problems with Malthusian population theory.
4. Who are Neo-Malthusians? List two of their basic ideas.
Pages 48-55 (including Figure 2.7 (on pgs 46-47, but referred to on pg 48), Figure 2.8):
1. Using Figure 2.8, list three countries for each category of the map. For each category, list 2 major issues
faced by these countries, in regards to population.
2. As you read this section, indicate the population issues faced by these countries: USSR/Russia, Japan,
India.
Pages 55-60: Demographic Transition Model
1. Draw your own DTM (including Stage 5).
2. List 2 ways the CDR and CBR could politically affect a country. Provide an example not from the textbook.
3. List 2 ways the CDR and CBR could economically affect a country. Provide an example not from the
textbook.
4. List 2 ways technology can affect the CDR and CBR.
5. List 2 reasons you know Stage 5 is real.
Pages 60-61: Population Pyramids
1. Draw your own poor country population pyramid. List 2 reasons why this population is unstable. List 2
negative effects of this population on the economy of a poor country.
2. Draw your own wealthy country population pyramid. List 2 reason why this population is stable. List 2
negative effects of this population on the economy of a wealthy country.
Pages 62-65
1. Using Figure 2.18, list two locations of the highest infant mortality rate. List 2 major causes of infant
mortality in these states.
2. Using Figure 2.18, list two locations with the lowest infant mortality rates. List 2 major reasons why these
locations have a significantly lower rate than the states listed in question1.
3. Using Figure 2.19, list the three states with the highest infant mortality rates. List 2 major causes of infant
mortality in these states.
4. Using Figure 2.19, list two states with the lowest infant mortality rates. List 2 major reasons why these
states have a lowered infant mortality rate.
Pages 65-67
1. List 2 reasons why Japan and Russia have different life expectancies.
2. List the major reason why life expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa is low.
3. List 3 ways geography plays a role on health/well-being. One of them must be original—not from the
textbook.
Pages 67-72
1. Define vector. List 2 vectored diseases.
2. List 2 nonvectored infectious diseases.
3. Define chronic disease. List 2 ways chronic diseases have changed over time. (refer to Table 2.1)
4. Define genetic disease. List 2 genetic diseases.
5. List 3 places AIDS has had a major impact on the population.
6. List 2 reasons why the population of Sub Saharan Africa has been damaged the most by AIDS.
7. Using Figure 2.22 (pg 71), list 2 ways AIDS changed the population pyramid of South Africa.
Pages 72-77
1. List 2 places that have pursued expansive population policies. List 2 reasons why they pursued expansive
population policies.
2. List 2 places that have pursued eugenic population policies. List 2 reasons why they pursued eugenic
population policies.
3. How did the Swedish encounter limitations to their population policies?
4. How did the Roman Catholic Church contradict population policies?
HGAP Chapter 3 Guide
pages 78-111
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 111: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 78-82: Field Note: Risking Lives for Remittances
1. Why were Haitian immigrants welcomed to the US in the 1970s, but not by 1994? List at least 2 specific
reasons.
2. Define “interdicted”. That’s a good SAT word.
3. Why would the US use Guantanamo Bay as a location for hearings? Briefly explain your ideas.
4. Why would a Mexican (or any) immigrant leave job in their home country for another place, like the US?
Briefly explain.
5. List 3 types of jobs immigrants tend to take once in the US.
6. List 3 ways September 11, 2001 changed immigration policy for the US.
Pages 82-85
1. List 3 examples of cyclic movement; one must be original (not from the textbook).
2. List 3 examples of periodic movement; one must be original (not from the textbook).
3. Using Figure 3.4 and 3.5 (pg 84), list 3 effects of population movement in the US; one must be original
(not from the textbook).
Pages 85-86: List the major characteristics of a typical immigrant (gender, age…)
Pages 86-89
1. What does Figure 3.6 depict? Using you knowledge of social studies, why was Brazil a top destination for
slaves?
2. List 3 examples of historical forced migrations.
3. List 3 examples of modern forced migrations.
4. List Ravenstein’s laws of migration in your own words.
5. Restate the gravity model in your own words.
6. List 2 examples of step migration, one must be original (not from the textbook).
7. List 2 examples of an intervening opportunity, one must be original (not from the textbook).
Pages 89-90: For each section (Legal Status, Economic Conditions, Power Relationships), list 3 examples of push
factors for each and list 3 examples of pull factors for each.
Pages 90-93
1. For “Political Circumstances”, pick Vietnam, Uganda, or Cuba. Google the political circumstance the
textbook is referring to. Briefly explain the political circumstance that led to the migration.
2. List 3 environmental conditions that caused a migration; one must be original (not from the textbook). For
each, briefly explain the condition.
3. List 3 ways culture/tradition could cause a migration.
4. List 3 ways technological advances could cause a migration.
Pages 93-101
1. Using Figure 3.11 (pgs 94-95). Pick 2 European migration streams. Pick 2 non-European migration streams.
For each, list 3 push factors and 3 pull factors.
2. List 2 ways islands of development have affected migration in Sub Saharan Africa.
3. List 3 examples of reconnecting cultural groups. For each, list a major effect of the reconnection on the
area receiving the migrants.
4. List 3 major national migration flows. Two examples must be from the US. For each, list the major push
and pull factors.
5. List 2 specific ways guest workers affect the receiving region. Explain each fully.
Pages 101-107
1. List 2 ways a refugee is different from a typical migrant.
2. How did the UN intervene with refugees?
3. List 2 examples of internally displaced people (IDPs).
4. List 2 ways the Middle East has been impacted by refugees.
5. For each region of dislocation (starting on pg 102/103: North Africa and Southwest Asia, Africa, South
Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe, Other Regions):
a. List 2 specific examples of dislocation.
b. For each specific example listed, briefly explain the circumstance that created the dislocation.
Pages 108-111
1. List 3 ways government affect migration.
2. List 3 legal restrictions for migrants throughout history.
3. For each of the time periods in US history listed, list 2 push factors and list 2 pull factors (also use Figure
3.20 on page 109)
a. Early 1800s
b. Late 1800s
c. Early 1900s
d. Late 1900s
e. Early 21st century
HGAP Chapter 4 Guide
pages 112-143
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 143: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 112-113: Field Note: Preserving Culture
1. List 3 ways this passage exemplifies local culture.
2. List 3 ways this passage exemplifies popular culture.
Pages114-116
1. List 3 examples of material culture reflecting nonmaterial culture.
2. Explain how fashion is hierarchical diffusion.
3. List 2 reasons why places like London, Paris, Milan, and NYC act as cultural hearths.
Pages 116-120
1. List 5 examples of rural local cultures (2 not from the textbook). For ONE of your examples not from the
textbook, explain why this is an examples of local culture (and why it is not popular culture).
Pages 120-121
1. List 3 urban areas with specific local cultures. For one, explain how the ocal culture impacts the urban
area its in.
Pages 121-126
1. List 3 examples of commodification (one not from the textbook).
2. Discuss 2 ways commodification can be positive for a place.
3. Discuss 2 ways commodification can be negative for a place.
4. Explain how “authenticity of place” is difficult to achieve.
Pages 126-136
1. List and describe 2 ways a place can become a hearth of pop culture.
2. Describe the process of reterritorialization. Use hip hop as the example.
3. Discuss how old hearths are replaced. Explain why the new sports are successful.
4. Discuss 2 way pop culture is contained (“stemming the ride”).
5. List 3 reasons why a government/culture would want to control the amount of popular culture its people
are exposed to.
Pages 136-143
1. List 3 ways local culture makes an imprint on the cultural landscape.
2. List 3 ways popular culture makes an imprint on the cultural landscape.
3. Discuss placelessness and its effects on cultural landscape.
4. Explain how skyscrapers play a role in cultural landscape convergence
5. Describe 2 ways the Mormon Church has shaped local cultural landscape.
HGAP Chapter 5 Guide
pages 144-171
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 170: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 144-146: Field Note: Building Walls
1. Where is this field note taking place? What business is discussed?
2. How does gender play a role in labor roles? Why are young women considered the best employees?
3. Why do families allow/prefer their daughters to work?
Pages 146-152
1. List 3ways race is a social construct (ie-society “creates” race). Use foreign and domestic ideas.
2. List 3 positive effects of residential segregation.
3. List 3 negative effects of residential segregation.
4. Pick one explanation from 3 or 4 and explain fully.
Pages 153-154
1. List and explain 3 ways scale affects identity.
Page 154: Field Note: Washington Heights, NYC
1. Explain 2 ways Washington Heights exemplifies sequent occupancy.
Pages 155-157
1. List 2 places where the ethnicity of the people plays a role in the place (one not from the textbook).
2. List 2 negative effects of gendered spaces. Explain one fully.
Pages 159-161
1. List 3 flaws in counting “Just Who Counts”.
2. List 3 vulnerable populations; for each, explain their vulnerability.
Pages 163-165
1. List 3 issues faced by women in sub Saharan Africa; for each, describe potential solutions to these issues.
2. Explain the effects of dowry. List 3 ways the government is attempting to reduce dowry deaths.
Pages 165-170
1. List 3 places that have seen a shift in power relations.
2. For each, list the ethnicity gaining power and one major reason they gained power.
HGAP Chapter 6 Guide
pages 172-202
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 201-202: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 172-176: Field Note
1. Why are the signs in two languages?
2. List possible languages to use in Belgium.
3. How did Flemish leaders try to protect their language—and by extension--culture?
4. Describe the problems in Wallonia?
5. Discuss the role the EU plays in this situation.
Pages 176-180
1. List 3 ways language and culture are intertwined ideas. Be specific.
2. List 3 ways the French-speakers of Quebec protected their language (and culture).
Pages 180-182
1. Why is mutual intelligibility impossible to measure?
2. Explain 2 examples of standard languages.
3. List 3 local dialects and the what language they are a dialect of.
Pages 182-184
1. Map on 182-183: For each of the following regions, list the most popular language:
a. North America
b. South America
c. Europe
d. Asia
e. Africa
2. Explain the language situation of Madagascar.
Pages 184-189
1. Briefly describe the process linguists used to reconstruct Proto-Indo-European and its hearth.
2. Describe each theory of how Proto-Indo-European diffused.
Pages 189-190
1. For each subfamily, list 3 major languages.
2. For each subfamily, explain how they diffused.
3. List and explain 3 ways language plays a role in politics.
Pages 190-191
1. Discuss how the language map of Africa developed (page 191) its diversity.
2. Explain how schools operate in Nigeria (in regards to language). Map on page 192.
Pages 192-196
1. Describe the process by which languages become less diverse over time.
2. Explain how a lingua franca is different from a pidgin language.
3. List 2 examples of a pidgin language.
4. List 2 examples of a lingua franca.
5. List 2 examples of a Creole language.
Page 194
1. List 3 monolingual states (one not from the text).
2. List 3 multilingual states (one not from the text).
Pages 195-196
1. Explain how an official language is an indicator of culture. Provide 2 examples that support your
explanation.
2. List 3 reasons why English is the modern global language.
Pages 197-200
1. For each type of toponym, list an example of each not in the textbook.
HGAP Chapter 7 Guide
pages 203-248
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 247: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Pages 203-205: Field Note: Dying and Resurrecting
1. Where does this field note take place?
2. How was the cultural landscape changed?
3. How did the Soviets change religion in Russia? Explain at least three examples.
Pages 205-207
1. List 3 ways religion manifests itself. Explain each one.
2. Explain how secularism can change a place.
Pages 208-209 (map on 210-211)
1. Briefly explain the history of religion.
2. Explain why there is a problem with using a general world map (like on pages 210-211).
3. Discuss 3 ways religion is combined with native ideas.
Pages 209-223
1. List 3 important characteristics of Hinduism. Describe how Hinduism diffuses.
2. List 3 important characteristics of Buddhism. Describe how Buddhism diffuses.
3. List 3 places that oppressed Buddhism and why.
4. List 3 important characteristics of Shintoism.
5. List 3 important characteristics of Judaism. Describe how Judaism diffuses.
6. List 3 important characteristics of Christianity. Describe how Christianity diffuses.
7. List 3 important characteristics of Islam. Describe how Islam diffuses.
8. List 3 important characteristics of Indigenous/Shamanism.
9. List 3 important characteristics of the rise of Secularism.
Pages 224-225
1. For each religion, explain how it has impacted the cultural landscape.
Pages 235-243
1. List 3 interfaith boundaries; pick one and thoroughly discuss the conflict.
2. List 3 intrafaith boundaries; pick one and thoroughly discuss the conflict.
Pages244-247
1. For each religion, identify and discuss one fundamentalist/extremist group and explain how that group
has had an impact.
HGAP Chapter 8 Guide
pages 249-287
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 287: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Page 249-250: Field Note: Independence is Better than Servitude
1. Where does the field note take place?
2. How did decolonization change Ghana and Africa?
3. How does the situation in Ghana reflect political activity?
Page 252-259
1. Discuss how territoriality relates to the modern state idea.
2. Why does Europe play a role in establishing the modern state idea?
3. List 3 nations.
4. List 3 nation-states.
5. Explain how a nation not be considered a state.
6. List 3 multistate nation.
7. List 3 multinational state.
8. List 3 stateless nations.
9. Discuss how Europe diffused the nation-state model.
Page 259-264
1. How does the capitalist world economy develop? Use the map too!
2. Give 2 examples of global interactions within the world systems theory.
Page264-272
1. List 3 differences between a unitary and federal system.
2. Give 3 examples of devolution. Explain each example.
3. How can electoral geography play a role with a country’s political climate?
Page272-275
1. List 3 examples of each of the following: Geometric, physical-political, locational boundary dispute,
operational boundary dispute, allocation boundary dispute
Page275-278
1. Describe the Mackinder Hearthland Theory in your own words.
2. Explain how NATO is an example of the influence of geo-politics
Page 278-287
1. Give a brief history of supranational organization.
2. Describe how supranationalism can affect the state.
HGAP Chapter 9 Guide
pages 288-334
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 333: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter EXCEPT: Mesopotamia – Peru. DO NOT
DEFINE THOSE.
Page 288-289
1. How does Detroit exemplify gentrification?
2. Explain how Detroit use politics to change the urban geography of the city.
Page 291-304
1. Briefly describe the history of urbanization.
2. How did the second urban revolution co-inside with the second agricultural revolution? Describe how
they complement each other.
Page 304-308
1. Describe rank-size in your own words.
2. Describe central place theory in your words.
3. Describe hexagonal hinterlands in your own words.
Page 308-314
1. Describe two ways functional zonation helps a city.
2. Draw the Burgess concentric zone model by hand; label it.
3. Draw the Hoyt model by hand; label it.
4. Draw the Griffin-Ford model by hand; label it.
5. Draw the Subsaharan African city model by hand; label it.
6. Draw the Southeast model by hand; label it.
Page 329-333
1. Discuss how globalization impacts cities.
HGAP Chapter 10 Guide
pages 335-363
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 363: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Field Note: Geography, Trade, and Development
1. Where does this field note take place?
2. Describe how the city’s geographic site and situation make it an integral part of the commodity chain.
Pages 337-342
1. Explain the difference between GNP and GDP.
2. Discuss the issues with economic indicators (think about the formal and informal economies).
3. Describe each stage of Rostow in your own words.
4. Discuss two f the criticisms of Rostow’s model.
Pages 342-344
1. Explain dependency theory in your own words.
2. Explain Wallerstein in your own words.
Pages 344-354
1. Discus how each (all 8) UN-Millennium Development Goals address the barriers to economic
development.
Pages 354-358
1. Explain how EPZs (maquiladoras included) and SEZs benefit a nation’s economy.
2. Discuss the impacts of NAFTA on the US economy.
3. Explain how agriculture can benefit a peripheral country.
Pages 358-363
1. Explain 3 ways politics can create uneven development with a country.
2. Explain 3 ways economics can create uneven development with a country.
HGAP Chapter 11 Guide
pages 365-402
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 402: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Page 365-367—Field Note: Changing Games
1. Where does this field note take place?
2. Explain why farmers changed to farming soybeans.
3. How does organic farming cross all scales of development?
Pages 368-375
1. Name two countries with high levels of primary economic activities.
2. Name two countries with high levels of quaternary/quinary economic activities.
3. Discuss the relationship between the First Agricultural Revolution, the domestication of animals, and the
subsistence level agriculture.
Pages 375-378
1. Explain the differences between the second and third agricultural revolutions.
2. Draw (and label) the Von Thunen Model.
Pages 378-381
1. Explain how GMOs have changed agricultural for the core.
Pages 381-386
1. Explain three ways agriculture can impact the cultural landscape.
Pages 387-401
1. Discuss the impact of agribusiness on the US over the 20th (and 21st) century.
2. Discuss how agriculture and climate are intertwined, focusing on cash crop development.
3. Discuss two challenges of feeding “everyone”.
HGAP Chapter 12 Guide
pages 403-433
Directions: Read the chapter and on separate paper, complete these activities. This is an individual assignment
and is expected to reflect your own personal work. Any major similarities to another’s work will result in a loss of
points.
Page 433: Define all “Geographic Concepts” as you read the chapter.
Page 303-404—Field Note: Branding the Backboard
1. Where does this field note take place?
2. Explain Nike’s symbol as part of a globalized world.
3. Explain how this Field Note is connected to Industry and Service.
Pages 405-411
1. Briefly describe the process of the Industrial Revolution and its diffusion.
Pages 411-415
1. Explain how the Fordist system is an example of vertical integration.
2. Describe friction of distance and its role in industrial location.
Pages 415-419
1. Explain the difference between Fordist and Post-Fordist. Integrate your vocabulary words into your
explanation.
2. Describe the global division of labor and its consequences on manufacturing.
3. Bullet the major ideas of “Made in America or Designed in America?”.
Pages 419-420
1. Analyze how transportation, regulation, and energy affect one another geographically.
Pages 420-426
1. As deindustrialization has occurred, what new place began to industrialize? Explain why and how these
new locations are advantageous for industry.
Pages 426-433
1. As globalization intensifies, how does the service sector (and its activities) change? Explain in full.
2. Explain how the Sun Belt phenomenon occurred.