Infinitives and Gerunds
Infinitiv i gerund
Verb +-ing (enjoy doing/stop doing)
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Infinitiv: to do
Gerund: doing
I enjoy dancing.
Would you mind closing the door?
Ian suggested going to the cinema.
Posle nekih glagola, kao enjoy, mind, suggest,
upotrebljava se gerund.
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Još neki glagoli s kojima ide gerund:
Stop
Finish
Delay
Postpone
Fancy
Imagine
Consider
Avoid
Admit
Deny
Miss
Risk
Involve
Practice
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Suddenly everybody stopped talking. There
was silence.
I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished
cleaning the flat
He tried to avoid answering my question.
I don’t fancy going out this evening.
Have you ever considered going to live in
another country?
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Takođe koristimo gerund s frazalnim glagolima:
Give up = stop
Put off = postpone
Carry on/go on = continue
Keep/keep on = do something repeatedly
Paula has given up smoking.
We can’t go on living like this!
Don’t keep interrupting me while I’m speaking.
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Iza nekih od ovih glagola (admit, deny,
suggest), umesto gerunda, možemo koristiti
that rečenicu.
She denied that she had stolen the money. (ili
She denied stealing the money.)
Ian suggested that we went to the cinema. (Ian
suggested going to the cinema.)
Verb + to (decide to do / forget to do)
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Postoje glagoli iza kojih se upotrebljava samo
infinitiv:
Offer
agree
refuse
Decide
plan
arrange
Hope
aim
learn
Deserve
afford
forget
Attempt
manage
fail
Promise
threaten
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It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
I agreed to lend my friend some money.
How old were you when you learnt to drive?
We decided not to go out because of the
weather.
I promised not to be late.
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Infinitiv se takođe koristi nakon:
Seem
appear
Tend
pretend
Claim
They seem to have plenty of money.
I like George but he tends to talk too much.
Anne pretended not to see me as she passed me
in the street.
Verb + object + to...
(I want you to...)
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Want
expect
Ask
beg
Help
mean
Would like
would prefer
Would love would hate
Iza ovih glagola ide infinitiv. Njihova struktura
može biti dvojaka:
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Verb + to...
We expected to be late.
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Would you like to go
now?
He doesn’t want to
know.
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Verb + object + to...
We expected Tom to be
late.
Would you like me to
go now?
He doesn’t want
anybody to know.
Verb + object + to...
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Tell
remind
Order
warn
Force
invite
Enable
persuade
Teach
get
Can you remind me to phone Anne tomorrow?
Who taught you to drive?
Jim warned me not to touch the wire.
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Advise
Recommend
Encourage
Allow
Permit
Forbid
Nakon ovih glagola moguće su dve strukture.
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Verb + -ing (bez Obj)
I wouldn’t recommend
staying in that hotel.
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She doesn’t allow
smoking in the house.
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Verb + Obj + to...
I wouldn’t recommend
anybody to stay in that
hotel.
She doesn’t allow us to
smoke in the house.
Make i Let
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Ovi glagoli imaju strukturu verb + object +
infinitive (bez to)
The customs officer made Sally open her case.
Hot weather makes me feel tired.
Her parents wouldn’t let her go out alone.
Let me carry your bag for you.
Upotreba
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Verb + -ing
They denied stealing the
money.
I enjoy going out.
Ovu strukturu koristimo
za radnju koja se desila
pre radnje iskazane
glavnim glagolom ili se
desila istovremeno.
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Verb + to...
They decided to steal
the money.
I want to go out.
Ovu strukturu koristimo
za radnju koja će se
desiti posle radnje
iskazane glavnim
glagolom.
Verb + -ing or to...
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Remember + -ing
I remember doing
something = I did it and
now I remember this.
Remember posle glavne
radnje.
I’m sure I locked the
door. I clearly
remember locking it.
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Remember + to...
I remembered to do
something = I
remembered that I had
to do it and so I did it.
Remember pre glavne
radnje.
I remembered to lock
the door but I forgot to
shut the windows.
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Regret + -ing
I regret doing something = I
did it and now I am sorry
about it.
I now regret saying what I
said.
Go on + -ing
= continue doing the same
thing.
The minister went on talking
for 2 hours.
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Regret + to...
I regret to say / tell you /
inform you = I have to say it
and I am sorry about it.
We regret to inform you that
we are unable to help you.
Go on + to...
= do or say something new.
After discussing the
economy, the minister went
on to talk about foreign
policy.
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Glagoli begin, start, intend, continue mogu da
se koriste sa obe strukture gotovo bez razlike u
značenju:
It has started raining.
It has started to rain.
John intends buying a house.
John intends to buy a house.