Oxford High School
Honors Chemistry
Mr. Urig
Ch. 25 Homework Packet
I.
Matching
1. _____ allotrope
a. globe-shaped allotrope of carbon
2. _____ diamond
b. has no predictable arrangement
3. _____ graphite
c. allotrope that exists in sheets or layers
4. _____ amorphous carbon
d. allotrope that has a tetrahedral bonding pattern
5. _____ bone black
e. a form of an element that has a different
bonding pattern or arrangement
6. _____ fullerene
f. produced from the decomposition of animal
bones
7. _____ carbon
g. element that forms an unusually wide variety of
compounds
8. _____ hydrocarbon
h. contains mostly the hydrocarbon methane
9. _____ natural gas
i. contains only the hydrogen and carbon atoms
10. _____ petroleum
j. formed from decomposed plants and animals
11. _____ fossil fuels
k. complex mixture of several hydrcarbons
II.
True or False – correct false answers
12. _____ The octet rule states that atoms are most stable with a full outer energy level
13. _____ The carbon atom is relatively large.
14. _____ Carbon has 4 valence electrons.
15. _____ A carbon atom needs six additional electrons to satisfy the octet rule.
16. _____ Boron may be more important to life than any other element.
17. _____Carbon has a unique bonding pattern due to its half-filled valence shell/ small size
18. _____ DNA contains short chains of carbon atoms
19. _____ Organic molecules are produced naturally by living organisms.
20. _____ Organic compounds cannot be formed synthetically.
21. _____ According to the vitalist theory, organic compounds are produced only in a lab
22. _____Chlorofluorocarbons are made by living organisms.
23. _____ Inorganic compounds never contain carbon atoms.
24. _____ Friedrich Wohler synthesized urea in his laboratory experiments.
25. _____ Organic chemistry is the study of living things.
26. _____Organic compounds are found only in living things.
27. _____ Natural gas is composed mostly of methane.
28. _____ A compound’s identity is slightly altered if it is generated in a lab setting.
29. _____ Hydrocarbons are polar molecules.
30. _____ Hydrocarbons contain only carbon-carbon bonds.
31. _____ Gasoline does not dissolve in water.
32. _____ The electronegativities of carbon and hydrogen make hydrocarbons nonpolar.
33. _____ An alkane with 22 carbons atoms has the molecular formula C22H44.
34. _____ An alkane contains double bonds.
35. _____ A branched alkane contains branched carbon atoms.
36. _____ A branched alkane has a lower boiling point than a straight-chain alkane.
37. _____When two structures differ by one or more bond rotations, they are structural
isomers.
38. _____ A cycloalkane is a cyclic hydrocarbon with one double bond.
39. _____ Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
40. _____ Hydrocarbons with triple bonds are alkenes.
41. _____Benzene is a cyclic arrangement of 6 carbons and 6 hydrogens.
III.
Fill in the blank with the correct term
unsaturated hydrocarbon
straight chain alkane
parent chain
branched alkane
branch carbon
conformation
structural isomer
cyclic hydrocarbon
general formula
42. A(n) _______________ is a carbon atom bonded to more than two other carbons.
43. A(n)_________________ shares its molecular formula with another compound but has a
different chemical structure.
44. The ____________________ for an alkane is CnH2n+2.
45. A(n) ______________________ contains at least one double or triple bond between
carbon atoms.
46. The longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in a compound is called the __________.
47. A hydrocarbon with a carbon ring is called a(n)_____________________.
48. A hydrocarbon with a single line of bonds connecting its carbon atoms is a(n)________.
IV.
Short Answers – answer the following questions
49. Draw the three different bonds that can occur between 2 carbon atoms in a
hydrocarbon.
50. What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds? Are there any
exceptions to this?
51. Differentiate between molecular, structural, and condensed structural formulas.
52. Describe some special properties of hydrocarbons.
53. Write the molecular formula for each of the following hydrocarbons.
a. butane
b. hexane
c. ethyne
d. propane
e. octyne
f. 2-methlypentane
54. Write the condensed structural formula for the following
a. 2-methlypropane
b. 3-ethylhexane
c. 4-propyloctane
55. Draw condensed structural formulas for three structural isomers of pentane.
56. What is the significance of resonance in a benzene molecule? Be sure to include a
diagram of benzene.
V.
Write the condensed structural formulas for the following.
57.
4-methyloctane
58.
4-ethyldecane
59.
3-ethylpentane
60.
3-ethylhexane
61.
5-butlydecane
62.
4-ethylheptane
63.
3-methylnonane
64.
2-methylheptane
65.
4-propylheptane
66.
5-butylnonane
VI.
Draw the following structural formulas
67. Draw the structural formula for the one structural isomer of butane. Name the
compound.
68. Draw structural formulas for two structural isomers of octane that have only one
branch. Name the two compounds.
69. Draw the structural formula for one structural isomer of pentane. Name the compound.
70. The molecule 2-methlyheptane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane?
Draw its structural formula.
71. The molecule 2-methylbutane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane?
Draw its structural formula.
72. The molecule 3-methlyoctane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane?
Draw its structural formula.
73. The molecule 3-ethylhexane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane? Draw
its structural formula.
74. The molecule 3-methylpentane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane?
Draw its structural formula.
75. The molecule 3-propylheptane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane?
Draw its structural formula.
76. The molecule 3-methylhexane is a structural isomer of which straight chain alkane?
Draw its structural formula.
VII.
Give the IUPAC name for the following molecules:
77.
CH3
CH3
CH
78.
CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2 CH3
CH2
CH2
CH
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
79.
CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH3
80.
CH2
CH3
81.
CH3
CH
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH2
82.
CH3
CH3
CH
CH2
CH
CH2
83.
84.
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH
85.
CH3
CH2
CH
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH2
CH2 CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH2
CH
CH2
CH3
CH3
86.
CH3
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH3
CH3