Diversity
College
Facing Facebook:
Educating the Campus Community
Amanda Doyle
Danny Glassmann
Marianne Price
Andrew Wiemer
University of Central Arkansas
26 February 2006
Introduction
• PART ONE
– Presentation to Administration
• PART TWO
– Orientation Session to Students
• PART THREE
– Online Tutorial and Exam
Diversity College
PART ONE
Presentation to Administration
Presentation to Administration
• Program Agenda
– Overview of Facebook
– Student Perception
– Student Issues
– University Issues
Diversity College
Overview of Facebook
• Definition: social network for university
community members
• Any person with a valid .edu address can gain
free access to the website
• Originated and founded by four Harvard
students in February 2004
• Currently the website is active at 2,200 colleges,
22,000 high schools, and has over 6 million
users
• Between 10,000 and 20,000 new members sign
up daily
Diversity College
Features of Facebook
• Creation of Personal Profile
May Include but not limited to: City, Gender, Academic
Concentration, Birthday, Hometown/State, High School,
Relationship Status, Sexual Orientation, Political Views,
Intended Vote, Interests, and an “about me” section
• Friends List
- Ability to search globally for other users
- Option to accept or deny a friend request
- Create a detail of how you know the friend
• Groups and Events On/Off Campus
- Members can create and join groups
- Groups can be online versions of real campus
organizations or fictitious groups
- Gives student ability to create parties or events and
invite
other
users to send private messages to friends,
- Allows
members
similar to an email
- “Poking” feature used to gain attention of other
Diversity
members
• Messages
College
Features of Facebook
• The “Wall”
- Section on main page for fellow members’ friends to
post public messages
- Visible to every person that has access to the profile
• Photos & Albums
- Ability to upload an unlimited number of photos
- Members can tag (list names of people in photo) and
also allows for public comment
• Advertising
- Free Advertising: Group Meetings, Events
- Paid Advertising: Corporate Mainstream and Holiday
• Pulse
- Statistics and trends which are continually updated
- Displays popular trends for a particular university or the
entire Facebook community
Diversity College
Student Perspective
What does facebook.com provide for a student?
• Networking tool
• Chance to connect with fellow friends and
past classmates
• Ability to make new friends and build
community
• Knowledge about current campus events
• Join social groups
• Post pictures and share experiences
Diversity College
Student Perspective
Allows great benefits for some students
• Expression of a students sexuality by
posting and/or coming “out on Facebook”
• Due to no face-to-face contact, introverted
students may feel more secure and
possibly gain a stronger social network
• Students feel more at ease when
expressing thoughts and beliefs online
• Students have the sense of anonymity
Diversity College
Student Issues
Issue 1: Privacy
• Students post phone numbers, class
schedules, hall/room numbers, etc.
• All information is public knowledge,
therefore any one can view this
information
• Many times the profile is used as a tool for
faculty, staff, or potential employers to gain
an adequate picture of the student
– Is this a violation of the First Amendment?
Diversity College
Student Issues
Issue 1: Privacy and Legal Issues
• Student Conduct Violations
– Judicial Sanctions may be based on
information provided by Facebook profiles
– Is this a violation of the First Amendment?
• Identity Theft
– Students must be aware that this information
can lead to possible identity theft simply
based on his or her profile
Diversity College
Student Issues
Issue 2: Harassment
• Usually stems from public “wall” or private
message boards
Example: Message from Student 1 reads “Hey cutie. Saw you today
across campus and wanted you to know that I’m interested in
pleasing you. Let me know what you think.”
• University group names and/or group
descriptions may be offensive to other
members of the campus community
Example: “The Anti-Gay Group is a community of students who do
not believe in the sins of those who choose to be with someone of
the same sex.”
• Pictures of students may be posted on any
persons profile and may be commented on
Example of explicit comment on a photo: “This is one hot chick. I
would love to meet you whoever you are. Guess
I’ll just tryCollege
to find
Diversity
you.”
Student Issues
Issue 3: Safety, Stalking, and Cyber-stalking
• Students post detailed information, such
as cell phone numbers, actual addresses,
and uncensored photos
- Poses privacy and security risks, including harassment and/or
stalking based on given information
- Information provided on a person’s profile can lead to unwanted
visitors at a students residence
• Events listed on Facebook offer anyone
the chance to know what’s going on both
on and off campus
- Students who may not agree with a certain organization can easily
find a way to “crash” a party
- Campus groups can easily find themselves victims
of hate
crimes
Diversity
College
Student Issues
Issue 3: Safety, Stalking, and Cyber-stalking
• Cyber-stalking is a new technique being
implemented where someone commits the
crime of stalking through the Internet
– Many times private messages are explicit and
can walk a fine line of sexual harassment
– Networking websites allow stalkers to contact
their victims and easily identify targets
Diversity College
Student Issues
Issue 4: Addiction
• 4.5 million Facebook users sign on to the
website at least once each day
• Average users sign on up to six times a day
– Example: Ingrid Gallagher, a sophomore at the
University of Michigan, stated: “There are people on
this campus who are totally obsessed with it, who
check their profile 5, 6, 20 times a day.”
• Students are spending hours a day logging into
networking websites, which can result in less
time for academics
Diversity College
University Issues
Issue 1: Student Safety
• Concern of the potential of more student
harassment and stalking on campus
• Facebook allows content to be public
without screening of photos or groups
Diversity College
University Issues
Issue 2: Students and First Amendment Rights
• Events such as parties being monitored by
Police and University Officials
Example: Northern Kentucky University students were fined, placed
on probation and forced to enroll in a binge drinking awareness
class after administrators discovered photos on the site of students
drinking in the residence hall.
• Jobs being based upon the contents of a
profile or pictures posted
Example: A school looked at potential RA candidates’ Facebook
profiles in determining hiring status.
• Professors using the site to check on
students
Example: A university professor looks at student profiles to see
their interests outside of the classroom in order to build a more
cohesive environment. Students feel that their profiles
are more
for
Diversity
College
sharing with friends than with their academic professors.
University Issues
Issue 3: Technology and the Incoming Entertainment Generation
• Professors not utilizing the resource of
technology
The newer generation of college students are very advanced in their
knowledge of technology and are many times more adequate with its
use than even some faculty members.
• Classes taught to students with
responsibilities of using technology as an
academic resource
• “The Facebook Generation” or “The
Google Generation”
- Students today spend more of their time text-messaging during
class, listening to iPods during speakers, and logging on to nonacademic websites.
Diversity College
- College Freshman utilize technology as a means of entertainment.
University Issues
Issue 4: Student, Parent, Faculty and Staff Education
• Student
-
Educate on privacy issues and the institutional policies
Teach how to deal with harassment and stalking
Understand the unlimited access of Facebook
Learn how Facebook can affect your future success
• Parent
- Provide a safety overview of how the website may affect your
student and his or her privacy
- See an in-depth look and demonstration Facebook and how it
works
• Faculty and Staff
- Knowledge of 1st Amendment rights of Students
- Understand issues students are facing
- Utilize Facebook to your advantage within the academic realm
Diversity College
Facebook Education
What all users need to know
• Blocking
- Users have ability to block anyone from accessing their profile
• Monitoring content
- Users have ability to monitor their profile or any other profile that
may include content pertaining to them
• Access is unlimited
- University administrators, staff, and faculty have the ability to also
access the website
- Seems limited but an average of 80% of the university community
and alumni utilize the site
• Information that is provided may come
back to haunt students
- The Boston Globe reported that numerous employers have used this to hire
potential candidates
- Universities will check on students before even admitting them to the college
Diversity College
Using Facebook to Your Advantage
• Publicity of your University Events
• Knowledge of Campus Events
• Marketing/Advertising for a University
• Faculty can use it to understand students
and create a cohesive classroom
Diversity College
Facebook Programming
Why is this session/tutorial necessary for students on campus?
• Online education is part of developing the
whole student in a growing technological
society.
• Students need to be educated on various
Facebook issues and safety concerns.
• Students need to be taught the importance
of online responsibility.
Diversity College
Facebook Programming
Which student affairs theory supports the programs?
• The Facebook orientation session and
online tutorial support:
Arthur Chickering’s Seven Vectors of Student Development (1969)
– Vector One: Developing Competence
Developing
Competence
Becoming
Autonomous
• These two programs will develop a
student’s competence in online
appropriateness and responsibility.
– Vector Two: Managing Emotions
• These two programs will help students
learn to manage their emotions by showing
them examples and dangers of online
harassment. These programs will also
show a need to exert control over their
emotions when posting online.
Managing
Emotions
Developing
Purpose
Freeing
Intrapersonal
Relationships
Establishing
Identity
Developing
Integrity
Diversity College
Facebook Programming
How were content and questions developed?
• Content and questions were developed by
looking at recent research and issues
surrounding Facebook.
• Recent events at Diversity College and
other institutions regarding Facebook also
inspired content and questions.
• Questions and content were developed by
taking into account the future outlook of
Facebook.
Diversity College
Facebook Programming
Who is required to take part in orientation/tutorial?
• All incoming students are required to attend the orientation session.
Upon completion of the orientation session, students must complete
the online exam attached to the online tutorial in order to access the
campus network.
• All returning students are not required to attend the orientation
session, but must complete the online tutorial and exam to access
the campus network.
• If incoming students are not able to attend the orientation session,
they may obtain permission for the Dean of Student Life to complete
the online tutorial and exam to access the campus tutorial.
• Why must all students take part?
– All students will have the access and ability to create and maintain a
Facebook account on the campus network, thus creating accountability
for the university.
Diversity College
PART TWO
Orientation Session to Students
Orientation Session to Students
• Program Agenda
– Introduction Survey
– Overview of Facebook
– Issues, Safety Concerns, and Tips
– Positives of Facebook
– Online Responsibility
– Closing Discussion
– Contact Information
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Session Structure
• Total session time: 60 minutes
• Methods used for session:
– PowerPoint
– Survey handout
– Group discussion
• The Facebook orientation session is given by:
– Staff member of Information Technology
– A representative from Student Services
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Introduction Survey
• Introduction survey time: 15 Minutes
• Methods used for survey:
– Survey handout
– Group discussion
• Session will start with a short written survey handout based on
Syracuse University’s current Facebook survey available at
http://assessment.syr.edu/x051016/Facebook.php.
• Survey would be revised and shortened for students to complete in
about 10 minutes.
• After completing the survey, students would be given an opportunity
to share answers.
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Overview of Facebook
• Overview of Facebook time: 5 minutes
• Method used for overview:
– PowerPoint
• Overview portion would include:
– Definition of Facebook
– Origin of Facebook
– Features of Facebook
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Issues, Safety Concerns, and Tips
• Issues, safety concerns, and tips time: 10 minutes
• Method used:
– PowerPoint
• Different issues and safety concerns will be discussed, along
with tips addressing these issues and concerns.
• Items to discuss and present tips for are:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Privacy
Legal Issues
The First Amendment
Harassment
Stalking and cyber-stalking
Addiction
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Positives of Facebook
• Positives of Facebook time: 5 minutes
• Method used:
– PowerPoint
• The positives aspects of using Facebook will be presented.
• Positives include:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Chance to socialize
Easy way to contact classmates
Forum for meeting fellow students
Advertise programs and events on campus
Place to express yourself
Way to recruit members into student organizations
And finally…IT’S FUN!
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Online Responsibility
• Online Responsibility time: 10 minutes
• Method Used:
– PowerPoint
• Online responsibility will be discussed and include
the following:
–
–
–
–
–
Using appropriate Internet language
Sharing personal information
Posting appropriate pictures and entries
Recognizing harassment
Facebook time management
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Closing Discussion
• Closing Discussion time: 10-15 minutes
• Method used:
– Group discussion
• We will use this time to revisit our survey taken at the
beginning of the session.
• Students will be asked the following discussion questions:
– Looking back at your survey, do you see any changes you need to
make to your Facebook account?
– If you do not have a Facebook account, will you obtain one?
– Do you think Diversity College should be concerned about Facebook?
– Did you learn anything new about Facebook?
– Do you have any further concerns or questions about Facebook?
Diversity College
Facebook Orientation Session
Contact Information
• Contact Information time: 2 minutes
• We would end the session by providing contact
information for students who wish to report
Facebook harassment.
– Students can file a Facebook harassment report at the office of
the Dean of Student Life.
– If students need immediate assistance with Facebook
harassment, they will be advised to contact the Diversity College
police.
• Students will be directed to the online exam that
must be passed to access the campus network.
Diversity College
PART THREE
Online Tutorial and Exam
Online Tutorial
Structure
• The online tutorial will contain information similar to the
orientation session.
• The tutorial will contain an exam that must be passed in
order to access the campus network.
• Tutorial Online Program:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Overview of Facebook
Issues, Safety Concerns, and Tips
Positives of Facebook
Online Responsibility
Contact Information
Online Exam
Diversity College
Online Tutorial
Structure
• Online tutorial and exam will be structured
similarly to the University of Central
Arkansas’ online “Preventing Sexual
Harassment” training available at
http://training.newmedialearning.com/psh/
ucentralarkansas/.
• Each section of the tutorial will be
available from a drop down menu.
Diversity College
Tutorial Screenshot
Tutorial Sections
[ Click screenshot to open sample tutorial ]
Diversity College
Online Tutorial
Exam Session
• Students who wish to go straight to the exam
may access it from the drop down menu.
• Students must receive a score of 90% to pass.
• The exam will consist of 20 multiple choice and
true/false questions.
• Exam questions will cover the following:
–
–
–
–
–
Facebook basics
Facebook issues
Safety concerns
Online responsibility
Campus contacts
Diversity College
Tutorial Exam Screenshot
[ Click screenshot to open sample exam ]
Diversity College
Success of Orientation/Tutorial
How do we monitor success of programs?
• University officials can monitor the
Facebook site.
Example: After students at the University of North Carolina were
better educated on Facebook, the protection of profiles increased
from 3.2% to 4.75%
• Number of judicial cases regarding
Facebook
Comparison of sanctions from the previous years
• Survey for students that completed
orientation and tutorial
Quantitative survey that explores effectiveness of programs
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Feasibility of the Programs
When and how often will these programs be revisited?
• Due to constant changes in Facebook, revision
of the orientation session and online tutorial will
take place annually.
Example: The ability to create a photo album may call for the need
to address consequences of posting inappropriate photos.
• Provide the programs during new student
orientations in the fall and spring.
• Separate seminars that address “hot topics”
regarding online etiquette, including Facebook,
will be held on campus throughout each
semester.
Diversity College
Committee Learning Outcomes
• Through our research, we found that Facebook
is an issue on campuses nationwide.
• Faculty involvement would have provided a new
academic perspective on Facebook issues.
• Higher education has been reactive instead of
proactive in the new Facebook phenomenon.
• According to Dr. Charlotte Cone, Assistant
Provost of Sponsored Programs at UCA, student
affairs must come up with policies dealing with
Facebook on campuses, or the government will
step in and make these policies for us.
Diversity College
“Educating the campus community on
Facebook creates a more empowered
and open environment because it
embraces the online lifestyle of our
students, while advocating student
responsibility.”
–Doyle, Glassmann, Price, & Wiemer (2006)
References – Page One
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Abrahamson, D. (2006). Facebook.com: Big Brother with a smile. The Student
Underground. Retrieved February 13, 2006, from
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Barnett, M. (2005). Facebook profiles could lead to consequences. The Post Online.
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Benfield, E. (2006). Cyber-stalking a growing threat to students. TheGamecock, via
University wire. Retrieved February 8, 2006, from the LexisNexis Academic database.
Buckman, R. (2005). Too much information: Colleges fear student postings on popular
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References – Page Two
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Felter, M. (2005). MU examining Facebook use. Missourian News. Retrieved February 13,
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Fisher, D. (2006). Facebook: are students giving away too much information. BSU Daily
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Hass, N. (2006). In your Facebook.com. Retrieved February 8, 2006, from CyberlawWiki.
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References – Page Three
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Munn, A. (2006). Facebook drinking photos may cause legal trouble. Daily Nebraskan.
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