• Review Methods of Speaking
• Speech Organization
• Ceremonial Speech details
Methods of Speaking
• Memorization
• Manuscript
• Impromptu
• Extemporaneous
Organizing Main Points
Five popular patterns
Groups
• Define and give an example of the
following organizational patterns (page 102):
• Chronological
• Topical
• Spatial
• Cause-effect
• Problem-solution
Organizing Main Points
• Chronological pattern –
• you arrange your main points in a time sequence
Childhood

Teenage years

Adulthood
Organizing Main Points
• Topical pattern –
• divide your central idea into components/categories
Empire State Building:
 History of the building
 Businesses in the building
 Tourists who visit
Organizing Main Points
• Spatial pattern • organize items
according to the way
in which they relate to
each other in physical
space
o top to bottom
o left to right
o north to south
o inside to outside
Organizing Main Points
• Cause-effect pattern –
• you are concerned with why something happens or
happened — a cause-and-effect relationship
Cause

Effect
Effect

Cause
Organizing Main Points
• Problem-solution pattern –
• popular in persuasive speeches, divides a speech into
two main sections: a problem and its solution
 Which organizational pattern would be most
effective for the following speech topics:
a. Why most fatal car accidents occur
b. Three types of working dogs
c. How to gift wrap a present
d. Stalking – and what can be done to stop it
e. The Amazon River
Supplying Transitions
Supplying Transitions
• Bridges
Supplying Transitions
• Bridges
“Now that we have examined the problem,
let’s turn our attention to the solution.”
Supplying Transitions
• Internal summaries
Brief review of material covered in part of
a speech
Supplying Transitions
• Signposts
Supplying Transitions
• Spotlights
Ceremonial Speeches
• Tribute to someone that has made an impact on
your life
• 4-5 minute presentation
• Outline (typed) is due day of speech
• Speech Rehearsal Log for bonus points
• Peer evaluations
Groups
Determine a speech topic
Establish the following:
General purpose
Specific purpose
Central idea
Three main points