AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
Instructor
Serial/Semester
Location
Start/Finish Time
Date
LESSON OBJECTIVE
Performance: Describe the structural and functional aspects of cells through analysis of a
generalized animal cell.
Conditions:
The student will be presented a powerpoint presentation by the instructor and will have
all necessary references made available to him/her.
Standard:
1.
The student will be expected to describe the below information included within the
teaching points to the instructor at the end of the lesson and in a written exam.
TEACHING POINTS
1. Define the parts of a cell.
2. Describe the plasma membrane.
3. Describe the transport across the membrane.
4. Describe the transport in vesicles.
5. Describe the nucleus.
6. Describe the protein synthesis process.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Describe the normal cell division.
Explain the cell aging process.
Describe the cellular diversity.
Define the types of homeostatic imbalances.
Define medical terminology.
INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY
Interactive Lecture
Method:
Instructor and Print (including PowerPoint Presentation)
Media:
Classroom
Environment:
OTHER LESSON SPECIFICATIONS
Knowledge Lesson
Type of Lesson:
1/50
Ratio:
Resources:
Power point handouts.
End of Lesson Test: None
Minutes
Instructional Time: 605
Reference(s):
Tortora, Grabowski: Principles of Anatomy and
Physiology, 9th Edition. Chapter 3.
LESSON PLAN APPROVAL
Signature of Standards Officer
Date
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
INTRODUCTION
Allocated Time:
Review:
5 Minutes
You have had previous lectures on anatomy and physiology during the Combat
medic course, this lecture will built upon what you have already learned.
Objective:
The chapter covers the structural and functional aspects of cells through
analysis of a generalized animal cell. The cell is divided into three
principal parts for ease of study: the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm
consisting of the cytosol and organelles, and the nucleus. The anatomy
and physiology of the plasma membrane is covered in extensive detail.
Consideration is given to important processes of movement of materials
across the plasma membrane, including diffusion, osmosis, diffusion
through the lipid bilayer, diffusion through membrane channels,
facilitated diffusion, active transport, and vesicular transport
(endocytosis including receptor mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis and
pinocytosis, and exocytosis). The form and function of the cytosol,
organelles, and nucleus are similarly covered.
Importance:
Nurses work in different health care setting so it is important to gain an
understainding of this subject as it will apply to clinical setting.
Fit:
This is the third chapter on anatomy and physiology.
Approach:
You will be presented the subject in a lecture format and will be tested using a
written exam at a later date.
Control Statement:
If you have any questions during the lesson please feel free to ask.
BODY
1. Teaching Point: Define the parts of a cell.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the parts of a cell.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
1. Define a cell
2. Describe the connection between the chemical level of organization and cellular
components.
3. Relate the essential importance of the cellular level of organization to all life forms.
4. Describe the three principal parts of a cell.
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
2. Teaching Point: Describe the plasma membrane.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the plasma membrane.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
5. Describe how the "fluid mosaic model" concept appropriately describes the nature and
structure of the plasma membrane.
The Lipid Bilayer
6. Explain how the chemical nature of the distinct regions of phospholipids automatically
produces a lipid bilayer in a water solution, with a range of properties.
7. Describe the function of cholesterol and glycolipids in membranes.
Arrangement of Membrane Proteins
8. Distinguish between integral and peripheral proteins in cell membranes.
Functions of Membrane Proteins
9. Describe the chemistry and function of membrane proteins.
Membrane Fluidity
10. Discuss the fluidity of membranes and the mobility of membrane lipids and proteins.
11. Explain how cholesterol modifies membrane fluidity.
Membrane Permeability
12. Explain the mechanisms and factors involved in the selective movement of materials
across the cell membrane.
Gradients Across the Plasma Membrane
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
13. Define a chemical and electrical gradient and the predominant ions involved on opposite
sides of the plasma membrane.
14. Explain how an electrical gradient leads to the membrane potential that exists in cells of
the body.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
3. Teaching Point: Describe the transport across the membrane.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the transport across the membrane.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
15. Distinguish between passive and active transport, including direction of particle
movement and energy requirements.
16. Distinguish between nonmediated and mediated transport.
17. Discuss the role of transporter proteins in mediated transport.
18. Discuss the basis of vesicular transport.
Principles of Diffusion
19. Explain the concept of diffusion based on the kinetic energy of random motion in terms
of concentration differences, net movement, and the properties of substances and
conditions.
20. List and explain the factors that influence the diffusion rate of substances in solution.
Osmosis
21. Explain the process of osmosis as the net movement of a solvent through a selectively
permeable membrane.
22. Discuss the roles of hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure in regulating osmosis.
23. Show the relation of osmotic pressure to tonicity by the effect on red blood cells of
different concentrations of solute in a surrounding solution.
Diffusion Through the Lipid Bilayer
24. Describe the movement of nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules through the lipid bilayer of
the plasma membrane.
Diffusion Through Membrane Channels
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
25. Describe the process of small, inorganic ion movement across the plasma membrane.
Facilitated Diffusion
26. Detail the facilitated diffusion characteristics and process where transporter proteins
move glucose molecules along their concentration gradients.
Active Transport
27. Define active transport and list two energy sources used to drive the process.
Primary Active Transport
28. Describe the process of primary active transport and relate it to the sodium pump.
Secondary Active Transport
29. Describe the process of secondary active transport and the role of symporters and
antiporters.
30. Discuss the effect of digitalis on the sodium pump.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
4. Teaching Point: Describe the transport in vesicles.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the transport in vesicles.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
31. Describe the two main types of vesicular transport between a cell and its extracellular
fluid.
Endocytosis
32. Describe the process of endocytosis.
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
33. Define ligand and discuss its role in receptor mediated endocytosis.
34. List and explain the steps involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis.
35. Describe how some viruses can use receptor-mediated endocytosis to infect body cells.
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
Phagocytosis
36. Define phagocytosis and explain its importance.
Pinocytosi
37. Define pinocytosis and explain its importance.
Exocytosis
38. Describe the process of exocytosis
CYTOPLASM
39. List the two components of the cytoplasm.
Cytosol
40. Describe the elements of the cytosol and how it is different from the plasma membrane.
Organelles
41. Describe the basic structural features and functions of organelles.
42. Distinguish between membranous and nonmembranous organelles.
The Cytoskeleton
43. Distinguish the characteristics and functions of microfilaments, microtubules, and
intermediate filaments.
Centrosome
44. Show the relationship of cytoskeletal elements to centrioles and the centrosome and note
their purpose in dividing and nondividing cells.
Cilia and Flagella
45. Describe the arrangement of microtubules in flagella and cilia that allow these projections
to perform the different types of transport movements.
Ribosomes
46. Indicate the origin and components of ribosomes that allow them to produce proteins, and
their association with other organelles in this process.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
47. Specify how the interconnected form of the ER membranous labyrinth is related to its
various synthetic purposes and molecular distribution within the cell.
Golgi Complex
48. Describe how the Golgi apparatus conducts the processing and directing of newly
synthesized molecules.
49. Convey how the faulty operation of the Golgi complex is related to cystic fibrosis.
Lysosomes
50. Delineate the role of lysosomal enzymes in protection, digestion, and recycling of
external and internal substances.
51. Describe how faulty lysosomes are related to Tay-Sachs disease.
Peroxisomes
52. Describe the enzymes and reactants peroxisomes use to deactivate potentially toxic
molecules.
Mitochondria
53. Indicate how the two membrane layers of the mitochondrion are associated with the
enzymes that produce the energy-storage molecule ATP.
54. Describe the role of DNA in mitochondrial replication.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
5. Teaching Point: Describe the nucleus.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the nucleus morphology and function.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
55. Discuss the morphology and function of the nuclear envelope, nucleoli, and hierarchical
levels of chromatin
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
6
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
6. Teaching Point: Describe the protein synthesis process.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the protein synthesis process.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
56. Accentuate that DNA acts by coding for structural and functional (enzyme) proteins,and
those proteins form all the structures and perform almost all the metabolic reactions to
generate and maintain an organism.
Transcription
57. Describe the steps of transcription and nucleotides of the DNA sequence that are used to
synthesize complementary sequences of RNA nucleotides of three types.
58. Define the process and functions of the gene splicing of mRNA.
Translation
59. Provide the identity and function of all the molecules involved in the translation process.
60. Illustrate the relation between the codes of the DNA nucleotide triplet, the mRNA codon,
and the rRNA anticodon that specifies an amino acid in the protein sequence.
61. Go through the steps in which the molecular components of this process interact to
translate the mRNA sequence into a successive coupling of amino acids in a protein.
62. Discuss the techniques of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
7. Teaching Point: Describe the normal cell division.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the normal cell division.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
63. Define cell division.
64. Distinguish between somatic and reproductive cell division.
The Cell Cycle in Somatic Cells
65. Describe the chromosome number in terms of homologous pairs and stress the
importance of chromosome replication prior to cell division.
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
Interphase
66. Indicate the objectives and activities of the DNA and cell components in each phase of
the interphase cell cycle.
Mitotic Phase
67. List the events of each phase of mitosis.
Cytoplasmic Division: Cytokinesis
68. Explain what is happening to the cytoplasm, organelles, and plasma membrane during
cytokinesis, and why.
Control of Cell Destiny
69. List and describe the three possible destinies of a cell.
70. Describe the role of tumor-suppressor genes in the cell cycle.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
8. Teaching Point: Explain the cell aging process.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the cell and aging process.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
71. Explain how the three main theories of aging (genetic programming, free radical
reactions, and excess immune response) lead to the signs of aging.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
9. Teaching Point: Describe the cellular diversity.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the cellular diversity.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
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AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
72. Discuss the concept of cellular diversity.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
10. Teaching Point: Define the types of homeostatic imbalances.
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over the types of homeostatic imbalances.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
73. Describe cancer (CA) as a homeostatic imbalance of cells with different characteristics
for benign versus malignant tumors.
Types of Cancer
74. Distinguish the origins and properties of the different types of tumors.
Growth and Spread of Cancer
75. Describe the effects of hyperplasia, metastasis, and secondary site development on
normal tissue.
Causes of Cancer
76. Explain the nature of the numerous carcinogens and viruses and with which cell growth
control genes they may interact.
Carcinogenesis: A Multistep Process
77. Describe the features and progression of steps that lead a normal cell to develop into a
malignancy.
Treatment of Cancer
78. Discuss how it is that the multiple personalities of the cells within a tumor make the
differing drug therapies difficult or ineffective.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
11. Teaching Point: Define medical terminology.
9
AFAMS Master Lesson Plan (MLP)
Nursing Program
Cellular Level of Organization
Minutes
Allocated Time:
We will now go over some of the medical terminology.
Introduction:
Learner Participation:
Knowledge Lesson Please follow along with your handouts and take notes.
Skill Lesson
Powerpoint presentation with associated handouts.
Learning Support:
79. Define medical terminology associated with cells.
Knowledge Lesson:
Skill Lesson:
Check on Learning
In a knowledge lesson, pose questions to the class.
In a skill lesson, provide practice and watch students perform a skill.
END OF LESSON TEST
Allocated Time:
Instructions:
Test Questions or
Performance
Expected:
Test Key:
0 Minutes
You will tested on this subject at a later date.
You will be expected to review and study the material taught in this section in
order to pass the associated written test. If you have difficulty with the material
please see me so we can review together.
CONCLUSION
Allocated Time:
Summary:
5 Minutes
Review and re-emphasize the difficult Teaching Points below.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Define the parts of a cell.
Describe the plasma membrane.
Describe the transport across the membrane.
Describe the transport in vesicles.
Describe the nucleus.
Describe the protein systhesis process.
Describe the normal cell division.
Explain the cell aging process.
Describe the cellular diversity.
Define the types of homeostatic imbalances.
Define medical terminology.
Closing Statement:
Nurses work in different health care setting so it is important to gain an
understainding of this subject as it will apply to clinical setting.
Re-motivating
Statement:
You will be able to utilize this information taught today in all clinical settings.
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