Name ___________________________________________ Date ______Period # _____
From DNA to Protein Worksheet
Write the complementary DNA strand to this leading strand of DNA below it.
5’ T A C C T G C C A G T T A T C G A G G C T A T C C G A T C C C G T T A T 3’
3’ ___________________________________________________________________ 5’
Write the complementary mRNA strand to this strand of DNA below it.
5’ T A C C T G C C A G T T A C C G A G G C T A T G C G A T C C C G T A C T 3’
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Match codons of the mRNA strand you’ve created with their corresponding amino acids written on the line below them. Use the 1 st 3 letters of the amino acid as abbreviations.
The genetic code is found on page 207 of your text and on page 3 of accompanying WS.
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Using the following polypeptide sequence, predict 2 possible DNA sequences that could’ve coded for it.
Met – Pro – Leu – Lys – His – Thr – Phe – Val – Ser – Gly –Ala – Tyr – STOP mRNA _________________________________________________________________
DNA __________________________________________________________________ mRNA (2)_______________________________________________________________
DNA (2)________________________________________________________________
Ala = alanine Gly – glycine His – histidine Leu – leucine Lys = lysine Gln- glutamine
Met = methionine Phe – phenylalanine Pro – proline Ser- serine Thr = threonine
Tyr = tyrosine Val – valine Glu – glutamic acid Asp- aspartic acid Asn - Asparagine

Holts’ Chapter Test A:
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DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.
______ 1. nucleotide
______ 2. deoxyribose
______ 3. adenine
______ 4. guanine
______ 5. cytosine
______ 6. thymine
______ 7. purines
______ 8. pyrimidines
______ 9. DNA polymerases
______ 10. replication forks
______ 11. codon
______ 12. genome
a. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen bonds with cytosine
b. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen bonds with guanine
c. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen bonds with thymine
d. enzymes that have a proofreading role in DNA replication
e. a class of organic molecules, each having a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
f. portions of DNA where the double helix separates during DNA replication
g. a five-carbon sugar
h. consists of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogen base
i. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen bonds with adenine
j. a class of organic molecules, each having a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
k. complete gene content of an organism
l. 3-nucleotide sequence of mRNA
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question.
______ 13. What did Griffith observe in his transformation experiments?
a. Virulent bacteria changed into harmless bacteria.
b. Heat-killed bacteria changed into S bacteria.
c. Harmless bacteria changed into S bacteria.
d. Virulent S bacteria changed into harmless bacteria.
______ 14. In 1944, Avery conducted a series of experiments that showed that the material responsible for transformation is a.RNA. b. DNA. c. protein. d. bacteriophage.
______ 15 The nucleotides in DNA are bonded to each other by
a. covalent bonds. c. ionic bonds.
b. hydrogen bonds. d. peptide bonds.
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis, Chapter Test A continued

Refer to the mRNA sequence CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC and the table below, which lists mRNA codons, to answer questions 14 –16.
_____ 16. Which of the following would represent the sequence of DNA from which the mRNA sequence was made?
a. CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC
b. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG c. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG d. AGA-CCT-GTA-GGA
_____ 17. The anticodons for the codons in the mRNA sequence above are
a. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG.
b. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG. c. CUC-GAA-CGU-CUU. d. CUU-CGU-GAA-CUC.
_____ 18. Which of the following represents the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the mRNA sequence above?
a. serine-tyrosine-arginine-glycine
b. valine-aspartic acid-proline-histidine
c. leucine-lysine-cysteine-phenylalanine
d. glutamic acid-phenylalanine-threonine-lysine
_____ 19. The two chains of the DNA molecule are held together by
a. covalent bonds.
b. hydrogen bonds. c. ionic bonds. d. peptide bonds.
_____ 20. At the end of the replication process, each of the two new DNA molecules is composed of which of the following?
a. two new DNA strands
b. one new and one original DNA strand
c. one new and one mutated DNA strand
d. two original DNA strands

DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis, Chapter Test A continued
Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided.
21. What is the difference between transcription and translation?
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22. Explain how RNA differs from DNA.
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23. Describe the role of DNA helicases during replication.
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Refer to the figure below to answer questions 24 and 25. C
24. What does the figure above represent?
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25. Identify the structures labeled A–C .