Operational Risk Management
Annual Briefing Discussion
A one week class in 15 minutes!
January 19th, 2016
SWR-TX-435 David Lee "Tex" Hill Composite Squadron
CAPR 62-1
CIVIL AIR PATROL SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES AND PROCEDURES
3d(1): At least once annually, Operational Risk Management
(ORM) will be discussed during a unit safety meeting.
If anyone asks if you have received your
annual ORM “discussion” … the correct
answer is “yes, I have”.
What the heck is ORM?
a methodical, six-step process to “manage” risk
“manage” means diminish, limit, or eliminate
Why should I care about it?
1. It’s required (while “on duty” at CAP)
2. It’s a good idea (when not “on duty”)
3.
It works … it reduces mishaps
mishaps = personal injury and damaged property
Why do we have to “discuss” it every year?
One of the objectives of CAP risk management
training …
is for YOU to develop enough proficiency in
applying the process …
so that risk management becomes an automatic
part of CAP activities and your personal time.
Operational Risk Management
NOT exclusive to the Civil Air Patrol
Most Federal Agencies
All DOD Agencies (USAF, USMC, etc.)
Most Fortune 500 Companies
Most Industrial Businesses
It costs money to implement ORM
If it didn’t work, they wouldn’t do it
SWR-TX-435 David Lee "Tex" Hill Composite Squadron
It’s specifically required
for CAP Flying Operations, Ground Teams, and activities
BUT
You can use the same principles anywhere
…you just don’t have any forms to fill out.
Without “operational” it’s still “Risk Management”
which, is a GOOD idea.
Briefly,
We will discuss the formal process.
Then we’ll talk about the informal process.
For Tonight’s Discussion … Assume:
You are getting a new “Radio Mission”.
Prepare your Tower for antenna mounting.
Have it ready immediately.
Install appropriate hardware here.
So … let’s get that tower ready for the new
antenna … but first … we need to “ORM” it
(Because it’s a CAP activity).
1. Identify the hazards
2. Assess the risks
3. Analyze the risk control measures
4. Make control decisions
5. Risk control implementation
6. Supervise and review
Don’t bother memorizing these steps …
just follow the checklist.
1.Identify the hazards …
If you don't know the hazards then they can't be
controlled.
Focus on what is at risk and list potential hazards.
Make this a “group effort”
Everybody knows something about something
Do your best to list every reasonable hazard
1.Identify the hazards … continued
The hazards for tonight's discussion?
Falling
Cuts and scrapes
Getting hit by a dropped tool
2. Assess the risks
Prioritize the hazards into levels of risk (high, medium, low)
Use the Risk Assessment Index (next slide)
Falling
Frequent: Occurs often, happens many times during a single activity
Likely: Occurs regularly, generally happens once per activity
Occasional: Occurs infrequently, doesn't occur at every event, but occurs often enough to
be considered
Seldom: Occurs sporadically, only happens once or twice in an entire CAP career
Unlikely: Occurs rarely, often never occurs during an entire CAP career
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Catastrophic: Complete mission failure, death, or loss of system
Critical: Major mission degradation, severe injury, occupational illness, or major system
damage
Moderate: Minor mission degradation, injury, minor occupational illness, or minor system
damage
Negligible: Less than minor mission degradation, minor injury, occupational illness, or
minor system damage
2. Assess the risks … continued
So … which of these three is the “worst” risk?
Falling
Cuts and scrapes
Getting hit by a dropped tool
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The risk of Falling
The Risk is rated “High”.
The others are “medium” or “low”.
Work on “falling” first.
3. Analyze the “risk control” measures
A “risk control” must change the risk by decreasing the exposure,
severity, or the probability of a mishap.
Come up with “actions” that will either reduce or eliminate the
risk.
Again … better solutions come from a “group effort”.
Prioritize these “risk control” measures to get the most “bang for
your buck”.
3. Analyze the “risk control” measures … cont.
How can we reduce or eliminate the risk of falling?
Let’s think of several options.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Instead of using a ladder, Erect Scaffolding
Use a helicopter
Lower the person from above with a rope
Use a safety harness and “life line”
4. Make control decisions
First, select the best possible risk controls (several of them).
Next, decide if those controls will assure that the benefits will
outweigh the costs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Instead of using a ladder, Erect Scaffolding
Use a helicopter
Lower the person from above with a rope
Use a safety harness and “life line”
4. Make control decisions … continued
So … which is the best “risk control” measure?
1. Instead of using a ladder, Erect Scaffolding
Expensive and time consuming
2. Use a helicopter
Too expensive, and adds more risk
3. Lower the person from above with a rope
Not bad, but might add increased risky tasks
For the sake of argument … lets agree
A safety harness and “life line” is the best control measure.
5. Risk control implementation
Decide how each control will be put into effect
EXACTLY how (who, what, when)
Who is going to make sure the safety harness is worn correctly
Who is going to “double check”
Where is the “life line” going to be placed
How is it going to get there
Who is going to hold the “life line”
6. Supervise and review
Watch and see if your “risk controls” were effective.
OK … Mission Accomplished.
We are ready to receive the new antenna.
Nobody got hurt, and nothing was damaged.
Remember, CAP has a worksheet for “activities”.
It has the “six steps” listed on the back.
Risk Management Worksheet
Risk Management Worksheet…Page 2 (the instructions on the back)
1. Identify Hazard: those things most likely to have a negative impact on the mission
2. Assess Risk: use the Risk Assessment Matrix
3. Develop Controls: for each hazard to reduce its risk
Specify who, what, where, when, and how for each control
4. Determine Mission Risk: From Block 6, identify hazard with highest residual risk
Circle the appropriate risk level in Block 8
5. Make Risk Decision: Unit commander will determine authority and level
for risk acceptance
6. Implement Controls: Decide how each control will be put into effect
Enter in Block 10
7. Supervise: Show how each control will be monitored to ensure proper
implementation …Enter in Block 11.
8. Evaluate: After mission is complete, determine effectiveness of each control in
reducing the risk of the targeted hazard.
1. Identify the hazards
2. Assess the risks
3. Analyze the risk control
measures
4. Make control decisions
5. Risk control
implementation
6. Supervise and review
For Two Specific Activities:
Flying Operations
Ground team
CAP has specialized ORM Worksheets.
ORM Worksheet for Flying
Note there are four “No Go” hazards
Poor Health or Fatigue
Broken Airplane
2 x Bad Weather
Note: the higher the risk level
the higher the approval authority
ORM Worksheet for Ground Team
Note similar “hazards” on Flying
Checklist:
Fatigue
Weather
Experience
Here are the six steps
Note: the higher the risk level
the higher the approval authority
Any questions so far?
OK … let’s talk “informal” ORM
Which is just
deliberate thinking and applying
common sense … every day!
Informal ORM is usually done while you are at home
Or at least when you are not at CAP
Which is where you need it the most
There is a good chance that unlike CAP activities:
No adult supervision
Not many to “brainstorm” with
Almost unlimited variety of risks and hazards
ORM … not just with CAP … but everywhere else too
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
So what is your “mission” when you aren’t at CAP?
Your daily mission (as a minimum … return home)
1. Return home without injury
2. Return home without having damaged any property
It’s impossible to do a “risk analysis” for everything in life
So…what should get my attention?
Jim’s Biggies…extra thinking required!
Warning Labels
Gasoline
Also…from our CAP checklists:
Fatigue
Bad weather
Lack of experience
When you are “OFF” the ground
If it is dumb, dangerous, or different …
Think on it a bit before you begin.
Do what you can to reduce the risk.
you see “warning labels” attached
gasoline is involved (chainsaws, dirt bikes)
ladders or scaffolding are involved
bad weather (rain is bad weather)
a new activity that you are not familiar with
a new tool you haven’t used before
you are tired or aren’t feeling well
Informal Risk Management
Always be on the look out for stuff that can hurt you.
Do everything you can to minimize the risk of injury.
If you can’t reduce the risk of injury … consider walking
away.
Got it?
Your “take home” message
1. Anticipate and manage risk
2. Accept no unnecessary risk
Don’t think that just because risk is present, you should avoid
the activity.
But … reject the risk when total costs outweigh total benefits.
In Summary
1. At CAP Activities … use the formal checklist (it’s required)
2. Everywhere else …think and use common sense
NOTE: A significant risk is not knowing everything about
everything! So make sure you involve others when “thinking”
A. YOU are the final “approving authority”
B. YOU can always simply choose to say “NO”
If it’s “dumb, dangerous, or different” … and you can’t
reduce the risk….consider calling it a day!
Questions?
Did everyone sign the roster?
Next Month: “Safety Day”
Your Assignment:
Think of “risks” associated with
The CAP one mile run
If you have time, consider reviewing:
https://www.capnhq.gov/SafetyEducation/ORM_Basic_Course.pps
Probability
Frequent Likely
Catastrophic
S
E
V Critical
E
R Moderate
I
T Negligible
y
Occasional Seldom
Extremely High
High
Medium
Low
Unlikely
Frequent: Occurs often, happens many times during a single activity
Likely: Occurs regularly, generally happens once per activity
Occasional: Occurs infrequently, doesn't occur at every event, but occurs
often enough to be considered
Seldom: Occurs sporadically, only happens once or twice in an entire CAP
career
Unlikely: Occurs rarely, often never occurs during an entire CAP career
Catastrophic: Complete mission failure, death, or loss of system
Critical: Major mission degradation, severe injury, occupational illness, or major
system damage
Moderate: Minor mission degradation, injury, minor occupational illness, or minor
system damage
Negligible: Less than minor mission degradation, minor injury, occupational illness,
or minor system damage
So … On Duty … it’s a formal process
with forms to fill out and people to notify
Everywhere Else … it’s pretty much just
deliberate thinking and applying common sense
NOTE: A significant risk is not knowing
everything about everything!
So make sure you involve others when
“thinking” and “applying”.