Unit 4: Mitosis & Meiosis
14 Words
Exchange of chromosomal
segments between a pair of
homologous chromosomes
during prophase I of
meiosis.
(Genetic variety)
Crossing Over
Exchange of chromosomal
segments between a pair of
homologous chromosomes
during prophase I of
meiosis.
(Genetic variety)
Third main stage of the cell
cycle, during which the
cell’s cytoplasm divides,
creating a new cell.
Cytokinesis
Third main stage of the cell
cycle, during which the
cell’s cytoplasm divides,
creating a new cell.
First stage of mitosis,
during which the cell’s
chromatin condenses
into chromosomes
(Nucleus disappears
& Chromosomes become visible).
Prophase
First stage of mitosis,
during which the cell’s
chromatin condenses
into chromosomes
(Nucleus disappears
& Chromosomes become visible).
Cell with half the number
of chromosomes (n) as a
diploid (2n) cell.
(Sperm & eggs)
Haploid
Cell with half the number
of chromosomes (n) as a
diploid (2n) cell.
(Sperm & eggs)
Second state of the cell cycle
during which the cell’s
replicated DNA divides and
two genetically identical
diploid daughter cells are
produced.
Mitosis
Second state of the cell cycle
during which the cell’s
replicated DNA divides and
two genetically identical
diploid daughter cells are
produced.
Asexual form of reproduction
used by some prokaryotes in
which a cell divides into two
genetically identical cells.
(How bacteria reproduce)
Binary Fission
Asexual form of reproduction
used by some prokaryotes in
which a cell divides into two
genetically identical cells.
(How bacteria reproduce)
Second stage of mitosis
in which motor proteins
pull sister chromatids to
the cell’s equator
(middle)
Metaphase
Second stage of mitosis
in which motor proteins
pull sister chromatids to
the cell’s equator
(middle)
A haploid sex cell, formed during
meiosis, that can combine with
another haploid sex cell and
produce a diploid fertilized egg.
(Sperm & eggs)
Gamete
A haploid sex cell, formed during
meiosis, that can combine with
another haploid sex cell and
produce a diploid fertilized egg.
(Sperm & eggs)
Cell division in which the sister
chromatids do NOT separate
correctly, resulting in gametes with
an abnormal number of
chromosomes
Nondisjunction
Cell division in which the sister
chromatids do NOT separate
correctly, resulting in gametes with
an abnormal number of
chromosomes
Having 3 chromosomes in
a slot when there should
be only 2
*Trisomy 21 = Down Syndrome*
Trisomy
Having 3 chromosomes in
a slot when there should
be only 2
*Trisomy 21 = Down Syndrome*
Process of cellular
reproduction, occurring in
three main stages –
Interphase (growth), mitosis
(cell division), and
cytokinesis (cytoplasm
division)
Cell Cycle
Process of cellular
reproduction, occurring in
three main stages –
Interphase (growth), mitosis
(cell division), and
cytokinesis (cytoplasm
division)
Reduction division process,
occurring only in reproductive
cells (sperm & eggs), in which
one diploid (2n) cell produces
four haploid (n) cells that are
not genetically identical.
Meiosis
Reduction division process,
occurring only in reproductive
cells (sperm & eggs), in which
one diploid (2n) cell produces
four haploid (n) cells that are
not genetically identical.
Third stage of mitosis in which
sister chromatids are pulled apart
and microtubules, along with motor
proteins, move the chromosomes to
opposite poles of the cell.
(Chromosomes move across the cell)
Anaphase
Third stage of mitosis in which
sister chromatids are pulled apart
and microtubules, along with motor
proteins, move the chromosomes to
opposite poles of the cell.
(Chromosomes move across the cell)
Having two copies
of each
chromosome (2n).
(Body/Somatic Cells)
Diploid
Having two copies
of each
chromosome (2n).
(Body/Somatic Cells)
First stage of the cell
cycle, during which a cell
grows, matures, and
replicates it DNA.
Interphase
First stage of the cell
cycle, during which a cell
grows, matures, and
replicates it DNA.
Last stage of mitosis in which
nucleoli reappear. Two new
nuclear membranes begin to
form, but the cell has not yet
completely divided.
Telophase
Last stage of mitosis in which
nucleoli reappear. Two new
nuclear membranes begin to
form, but the cell has not yet
completely divided.
The End