英语综合课教学中
多媒体资源的获取与应用:
以何兆熊《综合教程4 》为例
陈 龙
上海外国语大学网络教育学院
A Sample Lesson
Presentation of
Unit 2 Space Invader
An Integrated English
Course Book 4
Preview the Text “Space Invaders”
Read the Text of “Space Invader”, & try to
find the author’s view concerning:
 personal space for himself
 examples of “space invasion”
 causes attribute to “space invasion”
 factors related to “space invasion”
Pre-reading Activities (10-15 min’s)
 What
is “personal space”?
 What is your personal space?
 Does your personal space
change? Why or why not?
What is personal space?




“Imaginary bubble” that surrounds a person
which allows them to feel comfortable or
uncomfortable.
Personal space is our “individual boundary or
territory.” Moving into someone's personal
space can be viewed as a violation.
Personal space is more psychological than
physical. It depends more on our inner space
than the space outside us.
This space varies across individuals according
to factors such as age, gender, personality,
status, and culture.
4 Zones of Personal Space




Intimate distance: (0-18 inches ) between
close friends, family members; show
affection, give comfort or protect
Personal distance: (1/½-4 feet) most
conversations
Social distance: (4-12 feet) less personal
situations, in business, workplace
Public distance: (>12 feet) lectures,
churches, public gatherings
--- T. E. Hall. (1966). The hidden dimension. Doubleday &
Company, Inc.
Shared Space

Elevators, buses, theaters, and many other
similar “shared places” tend to reduce
personal space. People who routinely find
themselves in such situations tend to have
smaller personal space and more tolerance
for “space invasion” than those who are
unused to crowding.
How would you feel if you were
in any of these situations?
We need
personal space
to feel comfortable
But
there are always
“Space Invaders”
Unit 2 Space Invaders
By Richard Stengel
About the Author



Richard Stengel, Managing Editor of
Time magazine, and a long-time writer
and editor of the magazine
As a senior writer and essayist,
Stengel has written for The New
Yorker, The New Republic and The
New York Times. He's been a frequent
television commentator on CNN and
MSNBC.
Stengel has written several books,
including January sun: One day,
three lives; A South African town
and You're too kind: A brief history
of flattery.
http://www.timewarner.com/corp/newsroom/pr/0,20812,1194937,00.html
Reading Tasks (8~10 min’s)

Individual:
- Try to find out the main idea of each of
the 9 paragraphs.
- And try to locate the Topic Sentence in
each paragraph.

In pairs:
- Try to decide how the text is structured.
Text Structure
4 Sections:
 Section 1: (ph.1-2) using personal
experience to introduce “personal space”
 Section 2: (ph.3) examples of space violation
 Section 3: (ph.4-8) causes of space violation
 Section 4: (ph.9) “chain reaction” & decision
to expand personal space
Topic sentence:
Paragraph 1

At my bank the other day, I was standing in a
line snaking around some tired velvet ropes when
a man in a sweat-suit started inching toward me in
his eagerness to deposit his Social Security check.
As he did so, I minutely advanced toward the
woman reading the Wall Street Journal in front of
me, who, in mild annoyance, began to sidle up to
the man scribbling a check in front of her, who
absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired
lady ahead of him, until we were all huggermugger against each other, the original lazy line
having collapsed in on itself like a Slinky.
Paragraph 2

I estimate that my personal space extends eighteen
inches in front of my face, one foot to each side, and
about ten inches in back — though it is nearly
impossible to measure exactly how far behind you
someone is standing. The phrase "personal space"
has a quaint, seventies ring to it ("You're invading my
space, man"), but it is one of those gratifying
expressions that are intuitively understood by all
human beings. Like the twelve-mile limit around our
national shores, personal space is our individual
border beyond which no stranger can penetrate
without making us uneasy.
Paragraph 3

Lately, I've found that my personal space is
being invaded more than ever before. In
elevators, people are wedging themselves in
just before the doors close; on the street,
pedestrians are zigzagging through the human
traffic, jostling others, refusing to give way; on
the subway, riders are no longer taking pains to
carve out little zones of space between
themselves and fellow-passengers; in lines at
airports, people are pressing forward like fidgety
taxis at red lights.
Paragraph 4

At first, I attributed this tendency to the
"population explosion" and the relentless
Malthusian logic that if twice as many people
inhabit the planet now as did twenty years ago,
each of us has half as much space. Recently,
I've wondered if it's the season: T-shirt weather
can make proximity more alluring (or much,
much less). Or perhaps the proliferation of
coffee bars in Manhattan — the number seems
to double every three months — is infusing so
much caffeine into the already jangling locals
that people can no longer keep to themselves.
Paragraph 5

Personal space is mostly a public matter; we allow
all kinds of invasions of personal space in private.
(Humanity wouldn't exist without them.) The logistics of
it vary according to geography. People who live in
Calcutta have less personal space than folks in
Colorado. "Don't tread on me" could have been coined
only by someone with a spread. I would wager that
people in the Northern Hemisphere have roomier
conceptions of personal space than those in the
Southern. To an Englishman, a handshake can seem
like trespassing, whereas to a Brazilian, anything less
than a hug may come across as chilliness.
Paragraph 6

Like drivers who plow into your parked and
empty car and don't leave a note, people no
longer mutter "Excuse me" when they bump
into you. The decline of manners has been
widely lamented. Manners, it seems to me,
are about giving people space, not stepping on
toes, granting people their private domain.
Paragraph 7


I've also noticed an increase in the ranks of
what I think of as space invaders, miniterritorial expansionists who seize public space
with a sense of manifest destiny. In movie
theatres these days, people are staking a claim
to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room,
while at coffee shops and on the Long Island
Railroad, individuals routinely commandeer
booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.
http://www.digvod.com/view/25WVNC/
Paragraph 8

Ultimately, personal space is psychological,
not physical; it has less to do with the space
outside us than with our inner space. I suspect
that the shrinking of personal space is directly
proportional to the expansion of self-absorption;
people whose attention is inward do not bother
to look outward. Even the focus of science
these days is micro, not macro. The Human
Genome Project is mapping the universe of the
genetic code, while neuroscientists are using
souped-up M. R. I. machines to chart the flight
of neurons in our brains.
Paragraph 9

In the same way that the breeze from a
butterfly's wings in Japan may eventually
produce a tidal wave in California, I have
decided to expand the contracting
boundaries of personal space. In the line at
my bank, I now refuse to move closer than
three feet to the person in front of me, even if
it means that the fellow behind me starts
breathing down my neck.
Class Interaction (30-35 min’s)





How does the author define “personal space”?
What is his personal space?
- 18x12x10 inches
In ph.1, pick out the words and phrases that
depict movement. (A chain of reaction.)
Work in pairs, try to
- find as many examples of personal space
being invaded
- and causes of such phenomena
Put together & check Ss’ findings
Paragraph 1

At my bank the other day, I was standing in a line
snaking around some tired velvet ropes when a
man in a sweat-suit started inching toward me in
his eagerness to deposit his Social Security check.
As he did so, I minutely advanced toward the
woman reading the Wall Street Journal in front of
me, who, in mild annoyance, began to sidle up to
the man scribbling a check in front of her, who
absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired
lady ahead of him, until we were all huggermugger against each other, the original lazy line
having collapsed in on itself like a Slinky.
Paragraph 2

I estimate that my personal space extends eighteen
inches in front of my face, one foot to each side, and
about ten inches in back — though it is nearly
impossible to measure exactly how far behind you
someone is standing. The phrase "personal space"
has a quaint, seventies ring to it ("You're invading my
space, man"), but it is one of those gratifying
expressions that are intuitively understood by all
human beings. Like the twelve-mile limit around our
national shores, personal space is our individual
border beyond which no stranger can penetrate
without making us uneasy.
Paragraph 3

Lately, I've found that my personal space is
being invaded more than ever before. In
elevators, people are wedging themselves in
just before the doors close; on the street,
pedestrians are zigzagging through the human
traffic, jostling others, refusing to give way; on
the subway, riders are no longer taking pains to
carve out little zones of space between
themselves and fellow-passengers; in lines at
airports, people are pressing forward like
fidgety taxis at red lights.
Paragraph 4

At first, I attributed this tendency to the "①
population explosion" and the relentless
Malthusian logic that if twice as many people inhabit
the planet now as did twenty years ago, each of us
has half as much space. Recently, I've wondered if
it's ②the season: T-shirt weather can make
proximity more alluring (or much, much less). Or
perhaps the ③proliferation of coffee bars in
Manhattan — the number seems to double every
three months — is infusing so much caffeine into
the already jangling locals that people can no longer
keep to themselves.
Paragraph 5

Personal space is mostly a public matter; we allow
all kinds of invasions of personal space in private.
(Humanity wouldn't exist without them.) The logistics of
it vary according to geography. People who live in
Calcutta have less personal space than folks in
Colorado. "Don't tread on me" could have been coined
only by someone with a spread. I would wager that
people in the Northern Hemisphere have roomier
conceptions of personal space than those in the
Southern. To an Englishman, a handshake can seem
like trespassing, whereas to a Brazilian, anything less
than a hug may come across as chilliness.
Paragraph 6

Like drivers who plow into your parked and
empty car and don't leave a note, people no
longer mutter "Excuse me" when they bump
into you. The ④decline of manners has been
widely lamented. Manners, it seems to me, are
about giving people space, not stepping on
toes, granting people their private domain.
Paragraph 7

I've also noticed an increase in the ranks of
what I think of as space invaders, miniterritorial expansionists who seize public space
with a sense of manifest destiny. In movie
theatres these days, people are staking a claim
to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room,
while at coffee shops and on the Long Island
Railroad, individuals routinely commandeer
booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.

http://www.digvod.com/view/25WVNC/
Paragraph 8

Ultimately, ⑤personal space is psychological,
not physical; it has less to do with the space
outside us than with our inner space. I suspect
that the shrinking of personal space is directly
proportional to the ⑥expansion of self-absorption;
people whose attention is inward do not bother to
look outward. Even the focus of science these
days is micro, not macro. The Human Genome
Project is mapping the universe of the genetic code,
while neuroscientists are using souped-up M. R. I.
machines to chart the flight of neurons in our brains.
Paragraph 9

In the same way that the breeze from a
butterfly's wings in Japan may eventually
produce a tidal wave in California, I have
decided to expand the contracting
boundaries of personal space. In the line at
my bank, I now refuse to move closer than
three feet to the person in front of me, even if
it means that the fellow behind me starts
breathing down my neck.
Homework

Prepare for the next class presentation
- What is 12-mile limit? (ph.2) Who is Malthus? (ph.4)
- Why T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring
(or much, much less)? (ph.4)
- Why people in Calcutta have less personal space that
folks in Colorado? And why is there the difference
between people in NH and SH, and Englishman and
Brazilian? (ph.5)
- Why is there an increase in the ranks of space
invaders? (ph.7)
- Comment on “PS is psychological, not physical” (ph.8)

Prepare for Q&A session
Following 3-Session Activities



Ss’ presentation & discussion (10~15 min’s)
Text-based practice (60~80 min’s)
- lexical study
- questions, explanation and clarification
- quizzes and exercises (in-book)
- discuss on rhetorical features
Additional exercises and comment (20~30
min’s)

Class interaction (using graphics) (15~20
min’s)
Why do they do that?
If you get on this subway, where would you sit?
If you have to go to the further end of the
supermarket, how would you get over there?
What do you notice from this photo?
http://www.digvod.com/view/25WVNC/
A Few Remarks as an Instructor







Know your students well;
See yourself as a facilitator, guide & provide
help, guidance & explanation when necessary;
Use input as intake for output;
Encourage Ss to take the initiative & be
active learners;
Foster Ss’ interest and build up their
confidence in their own learning process;
Provide them with your OWN STUFF;
Prepare for the unprepared.
End of Presentation
多媒体资源的获取与应用
What is Multimedia?
Multimedia is media and content that
utilizes a combination of different
content forms.
 Multimedia includes a combination of
text, graphic, audio, video, animation
and hyperlinked content forms.

Where to get such Multimedia?
Newspaper/Magazine clips
 Posters
 Audio, video tapes, CDs or DVDs
 Self-developed (ppt, webpage, etc.)
 Online

Multimedia Resources Online


Google
www.google.com
Google 网页目录
http://www.google.com/dirhp

Google 网站导航
http://daohang.google.cn

Google 热榜
http://www.google.cn/rebang/home
百度

www.baidu.com
百度搜索引擎服务大全
http://www.chinabaidu.com/

搜网强力搜索引擎
http://www.sowang.com/sousuoyinqing.htm

搜网搜索引擎及分类目录
http://www.sowang.com/link.htm

互联网搜索技巧
http://www.sowang.com/SEEK.HTM
Multimedia Integration in
Instruction
 Graphics
for illustration
 Introduction to text author or
background
 Using ppt to present various
vocabulary exercise
Graphics for Illustration
snake (v.): to move like a snake; to go in a
particular direction in long twisting curves:
 The road snaked away into the distance.
 The train snaked its way through the
mountain.
Human Genome Project (ph.8)

an attempt to
discover all the
genetic information
in the human body
M.R.I. (magnetic resonance imaging)
(ph.8)

a system for producing
electronic pictures of
the organs inside a
human body, using
radio waves and a
strong magnetic field
(Unit 3)


a imaginary perfect society in which everyone
lives and works well with each other and is
happy
Utopia, by Sir Thomas More (1516)
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/texts/more/utopia-contents.html
a heap/pile/mass of (books)

a heap of books
a heap of books
a pile of books
a mass of books
Unit 13
Promise of Bluebirds
Unit 13 (ph.10)

Each evening he came home, eager to take up
his crosscut saw or claw hammer. Dad could
chock a piece of walnut on his lathe and deftly
turn out a cherry fold-top desk with fine,
dovetailed drawers as easily as he could fashion
a fishing-line threader out of an old ballpoint pen.
Introduction to Text Author
or Background
Thomas Robert Malthus (Unit 2)


T. R. Malthus, 1766-1834.
http://kepu.ccut.edu.cn/100k/re
ad-htm-tid-14896-fpage2.html
Malthus, a political economist who
was concerned about the decline of
living conditions in the 19th century
England. He blamed this decline on
three elements: The overproduction
of young; the inability of resources to
keep up with the rising human
population; and the irresponsibility of
the lower classes.
In his Essay on Population (1798), he
argued that without the practice of
“moral restraint” the population tends
to increase at a greater rate than its
means of substance, resulting in the
population check of war, famine, and
earthquake.
Winston Churchill (Unit 1)

Winston Churchill

Biography
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761556455
/Winston_Churchill.html

Speeches
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Utv9rCHlpkM
Yosuke Yamahata (Unit 4)

Yosuke Yamahata
http://www.peacemuseum.org/galleryJPM/gallery
_yamahata/p_memo/photo_memo_e.htm

Nagasaki Journey: Photos by
Yamahata
http://www.exploratorium.edu/nagasaki/journey/j
ourney1.html
Photos
·…pictures show corpses charred
in the peculiar way in which a
nuclear fireball chars its victims…
• … their bodies are often
branded with the patterns
of their clothes, whose
clothes absorb light in
different degrees.
• One photograph shows a
horse twisted under the cart it
had been pulling.
• Another shows a heap
of something that once
had been human being
hanging over a ledge into
a ditch.
Using ppt to Present
Various Vocabulary
Exercises
phrase/idiom/phrasal verb
phrase: a group of words, forming part of a
sentence:
idiom: a group of words with a meaning of its
own:
 “ A white horse” is a phrase, but “ a dark
horse” is an idiom.
phrasal verb: a combination of a verb and a
particle:
 “Give in” and “give up” are phrasal verbs.
ring: (n.)
a particular quality that words, sounds, etc.
have:
 Her voice had a triumphant ring.
 His request has a ring of urgency about it.
 There was a ring of sincerity in his apology.
gratify/gratification/gratifying
(fml.) to give pleasure or satisfaction to:
 Your success/achievement gratified us
greatly.
 She was gratified to be invited to the party.
 He derived much gratification from helping
those in need.
 Even though the result was not very
gratifying, I was gratified to see the
progress you were making.
personal/individual/private
personal: relating or belonging to a single or
particular person, not belonging to or
connected with anyone else:
individual: considered separately rather than as
part of a group:
private: belonging to or for the use of a particular
person, not for public use:
 Individual freedom allows any individual to
have some private secret concerning his
personal life.
Which: personal/individual/private


Each __________ apartment in the
building is provided with a __________
kitchen for __________ use.
The __________ firm provides each
__________ client with a __________
account with which they can access the
firm’s website.
Which: personal/individual/private


Each individual apartment in the building
is provided with a private kitchen for
personal use.
The private firm provides each individual
client with a personal account with which
they can access the firm’s website.
pedestrian/passenger: (n.)
pedestrian: a person who is walking, esp. in an
area where vehicles go:
 The downtown area has a pedestrian zone.
 The old man was hit by a car while walking
on the pedestrian crossing.
passenger: sb. who is traveling in a vehicle but
is not driving it or flying it:
 The buses are usually filled with passengers
during the rush hours.
area/district/zone/region (n.)
area: a large piece of land, usually undefined:
 The garden covers an area of 200 square meters.
district: a division of an administrative area:
 How many districts is Shanghai divided into?
region: a particular area or part of the world, or a larger
official area of a country:
 More than 100 countries and regions participated in the
conference.
zone: an area usu. set for a special purpose or having
special characteristics:
 The joint venture is located in the new special economic
zone.
Which: area/district/zone/region




Shanghai used to have ten counties and ten
_________.
The city has claimed itself as a non-smoking
_________.
Houses in the downtown _________ are very
expensive.
There's a clear distinction between the
dialects spoken in the Northern and Southern
_________.
Which: area/district/zone/region




Shanghai used to have ten counties and ten
districts.
The city has claimed itself as a non-smoking
zone.
Houses in the downtown areas are very
expensive.
There's a clear distinction between the
dialects spoken in the Northern and Southern
regions.
-d;-de (v.)  -sion (n.)







explode
exclude
include
conclude
invade
extend
pretend







explosion
exclusion
inclusion
conclusion
invasion
extension
pretension
local
(n.) a person who lives in the particular small
area which you are talking about:
 The café is popular with both locals and
visitors.
(adj.) belonging to or connected with the
particular place or area that you are talking
about:
 He found a job in a local TV station.
 The local government is calling for more
donation.
deceive/cheat
(v.) to trick sb by not telling the truth, or
persuade sb to believe sth false as true:
 He deceived several women by claiming to
be a bachelor though he was married.
 She deceived the old man into buying those
inferior goods.
cf. cheat: to gain sth by dishonest means:
 She first deceived the old man into believing
her story, and then cheated him out of $200.
imagine/imagination/imaginative/
imaginative/imaginable

It’s ____ that ____ is very important
for an artist or a writer and he/she has
to be ____ in order to create vivid
____ characters or works of art. Can
you ____ a writer or an artist who
lacks ____?
imagine/imagination/imaginative/
imaginary/imaginable


It’s imaginable that imagination is very
important for an artist or a writer and
he/she has to be imaginative in order to
create vivid imaginary characters or
works of art. Can you imagine a writer or
an artist who lacks imagination?
可以想象对于一个艺术家或作家来说，想象力
是非常重要的，(因为)她/它必须富有想象力才
能创造出生动如生的艺术形象或文艺作品。你
能想象一个缺乏想象力的作家或艺术家吗？
Other Meanings of “address”
You may have addressed the letter
to a wrong place.
 You may address your complaints to
the sales manager if you want to.
 She always addresses her husband
by his nickname.

other meanings of “address”



You may have addressed (to write the address of
the person to whom mail should go) the letter to a
wrong place.
你可能把地址写错了。
You may address (speak/write to) your
complaints to the sales manager if you want to.
如果你愿意，可以向销售部经理投诉。
She always addresses (use a particular name or
title to call) her husband by his nickname.
她总是用丈夫的外号称呼他。
Various Meanings of “dark”





It was a dark cold night when the enemy
started their first air attack on the city.
Dark hair and yellow skin are two distinctive
features of Chinese.
As a special agent, he had to keep his
identity dark.
In his diary, he recorded the dark side of his
nature.
She turned out a dark horse in the race.
Other Meanings of “dark”





It was a dark (with little or no light) cold night
when the enemy started their first air attack
on the city.
Dark (of color nearly black) hair and yellow skin
are two distinctive features of Chinese.
As a special agent, he had to keep his
identity dark (secret).
In his diary, he recorded the dark (evil) side of
his nature.
She turned out a dark horse (sb who wins a
competition unexpectedly) in the race.
idea/concept/conception/notion
idea: a thought or image in mind:
 What’s your idea of cyber romance?
concept: a general idea or understanding of sth:
 The concept “freedom” may be interpreted in
different ways.
conception: way of forming ideas or concepts:
 Computer technology has altered our conception
of life and learning.
notion: a vague idea:
 There is a widespread notion that money is
equivalent to happiness.
Which?
“idea/concept/conception/notion”

I have no ________ where she’s got so
many silly ________ in her mind.

Since a child’s ________ of the world is
largely based on their limited observation
of and experience in society, their
________ of “happiness” differs from that
of an adult’s.
Which?
“idea/concept/conception/notion”

I have no idea where she’s got so many
silly notions in her mind.

Since a child’s conception of the world is
largely based on their limited observation
of and experience in society, their concept
of “happiness” differs from that of an
adult’s.
seize/grasp/grab/grip/clasp
seize: to take or hold sth suddenly and with force:
 The girl seized her mother’s hand as soon as she saw
the dog running in her direction.
grasp: to hold sth firmly:
 The fireman grasped the boy by the arm and pulled
him out of the ditch.
grab: to take or hold sth suddenly and roughly:
 The boy grabbed his bag, and ran to the school bus.
grip: to hold tightly:
 The policeman gripped the thief by the wrist.
clasp: to hold sth tightly with hand(s) or arms:
 He clasped mom’s leg, refusing to let her go.
Which? “seize/grasp/grab/grip/clasp”





The baby girl _____ the teddy bear in her
arms.
A drowning man would _____ a straw.
The man _____ the cell phone from the girl’s
hand and ran away.
He _____ my hand so hard that it hurt me.
The policeman jumped into the window and
_____ the robber before he had time to resist.
Which? “seize/grasp/grab/grip/clasp”





The baby girl clasped the teddy bear in her
arms.
A drowning man would grasp a straw.
The man grabbed the cell phone from the
girl’s hand and ran away.
He gripped my hand so hard that it hurt me.
The policeman jumped into the window and
seized the robber before he had time to
resist.
photograph/photographic/photograph
er/ photography (Unit 4)



A professional photographer is skilled at
photographic art.
Aerial photography refers to the art or
act of taking photographs in the air.
A fashion photographer takes
photographs of models.
lone/alone/lonely/lonesome/solitary
lone: (attributive adj.) without any other person; =
solitary
alone: (predicative adj./adv.) without any other person
lonely: feeling caused by being alone
lonesome: causing to feel lonely

Old Joe was a ______(1) fisherman who lived
______(2) in a ______(3) wooden house at the sea.
He rarely felt ______(4) when he was out at sea,
catching fish. But when he was ______(5) at home,
he sometimes felt ______(6). He found it particularly
difficult to spend a ______(7) rainy night ______(8).
lone/alone/lonely/lonesome/solitary
Now try to put the passage into Chinese:
 Old Joe was a lone/solitary fisherman who lived
alone in a solitary/lone wooden house at the sea.
He rarely felt lonely when he was out at sea,
catching fish. But when he was alone at home, he
sometimes felt lonely. He found it particularly
difficult to spend a lonesome rainy night alone.

老乔是个孤独的渔夫，独自一人住在海边的一间孤立
的木屋里。他出海打鱼时很少会感到孤独，但当他独
自一人在家时，常常会感到寂寞。他感到独自一人渡
过寂寞的雨夜尤为困难。
(be) not so much…as/but
与其说是…不如说是; 并不是…而是

He’s not so much a scholar as an artist.

Her success is not so much by chance
as by diligence.

It’s not so much a mistake in grammar
as/but a weakness in style.
(be) not so much…as/but
与其说是…不如说是; 并不是…而是

He’s not so much a scholar as an artist.
与其说他是个学者，不如说他是个艺人。

Her success is not so much by chance as by
diligence.
她的成功并不是靠机遇，而是靠勤奋。

It’s not so much a mistake in grammar
as/but a weakness in style.
与其说这是个语法上的错误，还不如说是文体上
的缺陷。
Please Translate:


The advantage of higher education is not so
much to help you gain knowledge as/but to
prepare you for life.
高等教育的好处并不在帮助你获取知识而是为
你的生活做好准备。
The question is not so much whether these
safety measures are effective, but whether
they are observed.
问题并不是这些安全措施是否有效，而在于是
否被遵守。
vary/variety
vary: (v.) to be different; or to change:
 Customs vary from place to place.
 Her mood is constantly varying.
 She took special care to vary her diet.
variety: (n.) different kind or kinds of sth.:
 She had tried a variety of jobs before she
took this one.
 The shop stocks wine and cigarettes in
dozens of varieties.
 The book is about the varieties of cuisines in
China.
varied/various/variable (adj.)
varied: changing and not fixed:
 He had varied interests and hobbies.
 That area is a beautiful tourist attraction with
its varied climates.
various: many different kinds of:
 We’ve met various difficulties in our study.
 The book discussed various reasons for the
company's success.
variable: likely to change frequently:
 variable prices/interest/exchange rate
Which derivatives of “vary”?

Nowadays prices are ______; that is, prices
______ from store to store. It is wise,
therefore, for you to compare ______ prices
in a ______ of stores before you do any
shopping. Even in the same store, the prices
are ______ or ______ as they tend to
______ from week to week in the form of onsale goods. Such ______ of prices can be
both confusing and beneficial to the
customers, though.
Derivatives of “vary”:

Nowadays prices are variable; that is, prices
vary from store to store. It is wise, therefore,
for us to compare various prices in a variety
of stores before you do any shopping. Even
in the same store, the prices are variable or
varied as they tend to vary from week to
week in the form of on-sale goods. Such
variation of prices can be both confusing and
beneficial to the customers, though.
A Few Concluding Remarks




Implementing Multimedia in language
instruction can be:
- challenging, time-consuming, frustrating
And it requires an instructor to be:
- innovative, resourceful, communicative,
interactive, and developing multiple-expertise
But it’s fun to try to explore and implement
Multimedia in language teaching & learning.
Good Luck!
lchen@shisu.edu.cn
Some Online Reference Resources
 Dictionaries
 Encyclopedia
 Thesaurus
 Wikipedia
Online Dictionaries & Thesauruses



金山词霸 http://www.iciba.com/
instruct
词海词典 http://dict.cn/
instruct
Cambridge Dictionaries Online instruct
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/

Free Dictionary & Thesaurus
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/

OneLook Dictionary Search
http://www.onelook.com/?w=instruction&ls=a
instruct
Online Encyclopedias

Wikipedia 维基百科
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

Answers.com instruction design
http://www.answers.com/

MSN Encarta
http://encarta.msn.com/
Miscellaneous Web Resources

Teaching Tips Index
7 good practices
http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guide
bk/teachtip/teachtip.htm

Randall’s ESL Cyber Listening Lab
http://www.esl-lab.com/

English Listening Lounge
http://englishlistening.com/startListeningNow.do

BBC Learning English
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/
Miscellaneous Resources (cont.)

English Club Teach English
http://www.englishclub.com/

Talking Point Worksheets
family matters
http://www.tefl.net/esl-lesson-plans/esl-worksheets-tp.htm
http://www.tefl.net/esl-lesson-plans/TP_FamilyMatters.pdf

Cliff Notes http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/Section/id305321.html

Text Content Analysis Tool
http://www.usingenglish.com/resources/text-statistics.php
Miscellaneous Resources (cont.)

网上英语学习资源新整理
http://eee.tsinghua.edu.cn/show.aspx?id=991&cid=86

Teaching English as Second Language
http://tesl-ej.org/ej46/toc.html

Language Learning & Technology
http://llt.msu.edu/
The End