Utah Geology
This is a no gum
class. Please dispose
of it properly!
 Take
out all the work you have for this class. Put
it into a packet in this order.
Chapter 2 Study Guide
Geologic Time
Hadean Eon
Achaean Eon
Proterozoic Eon
Paleozoic Era
Mesozoic Era
Natural Forces Shape Utah
Cenozoic Era
 Work
on the brainstorms for the essays!

Where should your backpack be?
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History Objective –
We will prepare for
tomorrow’s exam by
reviewing the study
guide.

Language Objective –
We will listen to, give
answers and write
the important details
from the activity.
Behavior Objective – Participation & Work
Ethic: We will listen to each questions,
answer the ones given to us, and write the
important details in our notes.
This is a no gum
class. Please dispose
of it properly!
 Take
out all the work you have for this
class. Work on them in this order:
1) Take out your note packet and study guide.
2) Fill out the map on page 7 of your study
guide. (Use pages 9+25 in your book for help.)
3) Finish the activity on page 8 of the study
guide.
4) Work on any incomplete parts of the study
guide, including vocabulary entries and
questions. 1-27 should be done by tomorrow.
5) Work on any incomplete notes from the note
packet.
Last) Work on the essay brainstorms on page 5.
 Where
should your backpack be?
This is a no gum
class. Please dispose
of it properly!
 Take
out all the work you have for this
class. Work on them in this order:
1) Take out your note packet and study guide.
2) Finish your essay brainstorms.
3) Fill out the map on page 7 of your study guide.
(Use pages 9+25 in your book for help.)
4) Finish the activity on page 8 of the study guide.
5) Work on any incomplete parts of the study
guide, including vocabulary entries and questions.
Last) I will answer 5 questions from the study
guide the last 5 minutes of class.
Anything that is not finished the end of class is
homework!
 Where
should your backpack be?



History Objective –
We will prepare for
the essay part of our
test by practicing how
to write a simple essay.
Language Objective –
We will listen to, give
answers and write
the important details
from the activity.
Behavior Objective – Participation & Work
Ethic: We will listen to each example, answer
questions, and write the important details
on our essay outline in the study guide.
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We will be working on the essay together so that
we all understand how to do an essay.
We will go step by step through each part of essay
writing.
First Step: Brainstorming on the topic:(Think of at
least three important pieces of information for
each essay question.)
◦ Write what you come up with in the boxes on your study
guide.
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Essay Questions
1) How did natural forces shape the environment
and landscape of Utah in the past?
2) How did natural forces create the mountains
and high plateaus in Utah? (3 different ways)
3) How do natural forces continue to change the
environment of Utah today? (natural disasters)
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
Essay Questions
How did natural forces shape the
environment and landscape of Utah in the
past?
Question #1
Detail 1Detail 2Detail 3-
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Essay Questions
How did natural forces create the mountains
and high plateaus in Utah? (3 different ways)
Question #2
Detail 1Detail 2Detail 3-
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
Essay Questions
How do natural forces continue to change the
environment of Utah today? (natural
disasters)
Question #2
Detail 1Detail 2Detail 3-
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Second Step: Which question do you think you
know the most about or have the best
information for? Circle one of the following:
Question #1
Question #2
Question #3
That is the only question you will have to write a
full essay about. Cross out the other two
brainstorms. Don’t use the information from
them in your essay!!!
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Third Step: Look at the question you chose, then
cross out the words and punctuation that make it
a question.
How did natural forces shape the environment
and landscape of Utah in the past?
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Third Step: Rewrite it below as a statement of fact.
How did natural forces shape the environment and
landscape of Utah in the past?
◦ Example: How did natural forces shape the environment and
landscape of Utah in the past? becomes Natural forces
shaped the environment and landscape of Utah in the past.)
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If you want to move the words around to make it sound
better, go for it, but you don’t have to do so. (The land
of Utah has been shaped by many natural forces in the
past.)
Write what you came up with on the line.
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Topic Sentence (So what?):
________________________________________________
____________________________________ Guess
what?!
The sentence you came up with is the topic
sentence of your essay! Write it below on the
topic sentence line.
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Fourth Step: Now we need to come up with some
supporting detail sentences for the rest of your
essay.
Pick three things from your brainstorm and write
them here.
Detail 1=____________
Detail 2=_____________
Detail 3=____________
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Fourth Step: Then, write a complete sentence that
answers your question of the first line below.
◦ Then do the same thing for the other supporting
sentences.
◦ (Example: Detail 1= _plate tectonics__ becomes Plate
tectonics shaped Utah by creating mountains ranges in
the past, like the Rocky Mountains, which began to form
in the Mesozoic Era.
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Fifth Step: You are almost done! It is time to close
your essay with a parting thought for your reader.
◦ An easy way to do this is by changing your topic sentence a bit
and adding a concluding phrase.
◦ Concluding sentences often start with a concluding transition
like:
◦ “As you can see,” “Now you know” “In conclusion,” “Clearly…”
“It is obvious that…” etc.
◦ (Example: The geography of Utah changes the way people live
here. Becomes something like As you can see, natural forces
have shaped Utah’s landscape and environment in the past.)
◦ Write your sentence on the conclusion line.
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Outline:
Topic Sentence (So what?):
______________________________________
Supporting Sentence 1:
______________________________________
Supporting Sentence 2:
______________________________________
Supporting Sentence 3:
______________________________________
Concluding Sentence (So why?):
______________________________________

Final Step: Write a final draft of your essay using
your best handwriting, punctuation and spelling.
◦ Your essay should be neat and easy to read!
◦ If you need more space, you can write the final draft on a
lined piece of paper, but staple your draft to it!!
25.Describe 5 ways natural
forces (disasters) have changed
the land during the last 50
years.
1) Floods recently broke a dam in S. Utah causing mud to fill a
neighborhood
2) Fires left land in the SL area without plants to hold the soil in place
when it rains, causing homes to be flooded with mud.
3) Drought and high temperatures caused a lot of fires this year
4) Earthquakes have displaced land and caused building to collapse
5) Avalanches carry debris across the land each winter.
26. Utah has many small
_________________________ every
year.
earthquakes
1)
2)
3)
27. What are some ways to stay
safe in a natural disaster?
-Learn about the disasters that can
happen in your area.
-Make a plan and get supplies that
can help you stay alive during a
disaster.
-Practice what to do in an emergency.
19.Name and describe Utah’s Ice
Age lake.
1) Lake Bonneville covered 1/3 of
Utah, and was a fresh water lake.
It disappeared after a flood and
the climate changed.
20. Which of today’s lakes are
the remnants of that lake? (3)
1) Great Salt Lake
2) Utah Lake
3) Sevier Lake
21. What huge Ice Age animal
bones were found at the
Huntington Reservoir
The remains of a mammoth was
found there.
22. Name 5 other Ice Age
animals that once roamed Utah,
but that are now extinct.
1) Musk ox
2) Smilodon (sabertooth cat)
3) Mastadons
4) Giant Sloth
5) Camels
24) Name two paleontologists
who have worked in Utah?
1) David Gillette
2) Earl Douglass
3) James Kirkland
23) What does a paleontologist
study? What can we learn about
the past from their work?
Paleontologists study ancient life
forms that are preserved in fossils.
We can learn what the earth was like
(climate, plants, animals, etc.) in
ancient times from their work.
16. Much of Utah’s electricity
is produced by burning
___________ to produce steam.
coal
17. What is Utah’s salt used
for primarily?
It is used to melt snow in the winter
and for water softeners. Some is
used for seasoning food.
18. Name 5 other important
natural resources in Utah’s
economy.
Answers will vary:
1) copper
2) silver
3) potash
4) oil shale
5) berillium
9. Name 5 natural forces and
explain how they shape Utah.
1) Uplift forms mountains and plateaus.
2) Water erosion carves canyons.
3) Wind erosion creates arches and caves.
4) Mud flows move sediments to new areas.
5) Deposition leaves layers of sediment in the
bottom of rivers, lakes, oceans, etc.
10. How were the Rocky
Mountains formed? (pictures
with descriptions would be
perfect)
Uplift from the pacific plate
shallowly crashing into the North
American plate caused the crust to
buckle, creating the new mountain
range.
11. What is a fault, and what
happens when land slips along a
fault?
A fault is a fracture in the earth’s
crust that can cause earthquakes
when it moves.
13. Magma that pushes up
through the Earth’s crust forms
____________________ rock.
Igneous
14. Sediments that accumulate
and cement form _____________
rock.
sedimentary
15. Heat & pressure under the
Earth’s surface changes Igneous
& Sedimentary rock into
_________________.
metamorphic
6. Retell the main events of
the discovery of Utah’s first
dinosaur bones near Vernal.
1) Earl Douglas
2) Finds dinosaur bones in the Vernal area
in early 1900s
3) Sends the bones to museums like the
Carnegie, Smithsonian, and University
of Utah Natural History museum.
7. Why are Tyrannosaurus Rex
bones rarely found in Utah?
The layers of sediment that they
would have been found in have eroded
away over millions of years. Most
rocks in Utah are from the Paleozoic
Era or Jurassic Period, not the
Cretaceous Period when Trex lived.
8. Where are most new dinosaurs
being discovered in Utah today?
Southern Utah near the Grand
Staircase Escalante National
Monument
1. How do geologists learn the
history of the land?
They study the rocks, layers of
sediments, and other geological
features of an area to learn what
that place was like in the past.
2. Describe the sources of
Utah’s igneous rock, sandstone,
and limestone in Utah.
Igneus rock comes from volcanic
activity, sandstone is the remains of
ancient sand dunes or beaches, and
limestone is formed at the bottom
of ancient lakes, seas, and oceans.
3. How are fossils formed?
(pictures help)
4. What is one of the oldest
animal fossils you can find in
Utah?
Trilobites are some of the oldest
fossils you can find in Utah.
5. Utah’s land was once
completely covered with
________________.
Shallow seas
This is a no gum
class. Please dispose
of it properly!
Take
out your study guide, your
notes, and a pencil.
Put everything else away under your
desk.
Review your map on page 7.
Review your notes.
Work
on the final draft of your essay!
 Where
should your backpack be?


1) Finish your essay, writing the final draft on your
paper neatly!
2) Pick up the computer that matches your box
number.
◦ Log into Canvas, click on Utah Studies.
◦ Go to quizzes, click “Chapter 2 Test”
◦ Take the test. NO TALKING DURING THE TEST!
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3) When you are done with the test, finish
homework (study guide, assignments).
Last) If you have finished your homework, read or
play a game from Ms. Thatcher’s Links page.