ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Chapter ____________________
Key Ideas:
• Protestant Reformation sparks iconoclasm
• Artists find new ways to represent figures without appearing to
create pagan idols
• Influenced by Italian Renaissance but style remains true to
Northern Europe
• Durer - Northern Renaissance realism and details with Italian
concern for size and monumentality
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Historical Timeline
Protestant Reformation
begins in 1517 by Martin
Luther
Iconoclasm soon follows
- Calvinists very against
imagery
Patronage and Artistic Life
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Church was an excellent source of
employment now lost
Artists turn to other types of painting portraits, play down religious ecstasies
or lives of the saints
Catholics wanted intermediaries, so
paintings of saints, Mary, were
permissible
Capitalism - emphasis on buying and
selling artwork
Printmaking - cheap art, good
marketing tool
ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Chapter ____________________
Innovations in Painting
• Mix of Italian art with N. European tradition - painstaking detail
and realism
• Fondness for nature
• Landscapes have a trace of human involvement - buildings or
farms or small people
• High horizon lines - lots of earthbound details
• Reluctance to use linear perspective, but do use atmospheric
perspective
• After Reformation - religious imagery is down played and
portraiture and genre painting come in
ART HISTORY STUDY GUIDE: Chapter 23 - High Ren/Mannerism - N. Europe
Vocabulary
Anamorphic image
Engraving
Polyptych
Woodcut
Reformation
Counter Reformation
Indulgences
Christian Humanism
Predella
Names to Know
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Martin Luther
John Calvin
Albrecht Durer
Hans Holbein
Huguenots
Caterina van Hemessen
Peter Bruegel the Elder
El Greco
Images to Know
Painting - Renaissance
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Isenheim Altarpiece/Grunewald
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Fall of Man (Adam and Eve)/Durer
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Melencolia I/Durer
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Self Portrait/Durer
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Four Apostles/Durer
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Battle of Issus/Altdorfer
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The French Ambassadors/Holbein
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Money-Changer and His Wife/Massys
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Return of the Hunters/Bruegel
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The Burial of Count Orgaz/El Greco
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View of Toledo/El Greco