Test Review: the Post-Classical and Early Modern World
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Describe the Tang Dynasties economy?
Describe the role of Confucianism in the Tang Dynasty?
Describe Tang political organization.
Describe the Grand Canal.
Define “Equal Field System” under the Tang Dynasty.
Describe the actions of the Tang Dynasty against Buddhism in China.
Describe the actions of Taizu in creating the Song Dynasty.
Describe the economic changes that occurred in China under the Song Dynasty in Industry and production, Commerce, and agriculture.
Define neo-Confucianism.
What three cultures did China influence during the Tang Dynasty?
In what ways did the Tang and Song Dynasty influence this culture?
List Prince Shotoku’s achievements.
Describe the achievements of the Heian Era in Japan.
Define Shintoism.
Who is Murasaki Shikibu.
Draw a social pyramid comparing Japanese and European social structures during their periods of feudalism.
Define manorialism.
Define Early Middle Ages.
Define High Middle Ages.
Who was Charlemagne.
Describe the relationship between Charlemagne and the Christian church.
Define canon law.
Define excommunication.
Define Magna Carta.
List the Song dynasties technological achievements.
How many khanates comprised the Mongol world?
Describe the rise of Genghis Khan and his military victories.
Describe the importance of nomadic movements during this period. (Page 216)
Describe each of the following Khanates (Khanate of the Great Khan – Khanate of Jagadai – Khanate of the Golden Horde – Il-Khan)
Define Pax Mongolica.
Define “Black Death”.
Describe the economic changes that occurred in Europe as a result of the “Black Death”.
Describe the actions of Timur (Tamerlane).
What was the mongols impact on Russia?
Define Kubilai Khan.
Describe the Mongols effects on China.
List the failures of Kubilai Khan.
How did the Mongols change the Chinese views on merchants?
How long did the Ming Dynasty exist?
Describe the role of mandarins in the Ming Dynasty.
Politically, towards the end of the Post-Classical Era, European countries leaned towards what kind of government?
Focusing on human achievements in the scholarly, artistic, and political realms was known as what?
The Catholic Church, political figures, and wealthy Italian bankers and merchants, such as the Medici bankrolled artists
The Renaissance began in ______________ and then quickly spread _______________.
Describe the themes of Northern Renaissance art.
Renaissance artists borrowed heavily from what two preceding cultures?
What role did the printing press play in the Reformation?
Who invented the printing press?
Define Humanism.
Machiavelli’s views on politics, as found in The Prince, would have most in common with what other philosophy?
What role did the Medici family play in creating the Reformation in Europe?
What role did the Medici family play in sparking the Renaissance in Southern Europe?
Create a time-line of religious wars in Europe during the Reformation.
What two things came out of the Council of Trent (Counter-Reformation)?
Major reformers of the Protestant Reformation: who are they?
Define indulgences.
Define Unam Sanctum
What was the result of the Reformation on the church in England under King Henry V?
What result did the religious wars during the Reformation have on the government of the Netherlands?
What were the names of the religious wars in the Netherlands and who were they fighting?
Define scholasticism.
Heliocentric is a belief initially promoted by
Enlightenment philosophers:
a. What is the ‘Leviathan’ to Thomas Hobbes?
b. What is the ‘state of nature?’
c. What is the ‘social contract?’
64. Rights granted to man by the ‘creator’ according to Locke
65. Separation of powers: which philosopher?
66. List and describe the journeys of the Portuguese explorers in the Indian Ocean.
67. What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
68. Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?
69. Define conquistadors.
70. Describe Hernan Cortes and his exploits in Mexico.
71. Who is Bartholome de Las Casas?
72. Define viceroyalties.
73. European technologies that aided sea exploration in the Early Modern
74. Spanish imperial social hierarchies (i.e. in S. America, C. America):
a. Who are peninsulares?
b. Who are mulattos?
c. Who are mestizos?
75. What advantages did the Spanish have when subduing Native American populations?
76. Columbian exchange: what was it?
77. What were the three key products brought from the America’s to Europe in the Columbian Exchange?
78. What were the two major crops from Africa and Asia that became the new “cash crops” in the Americas?
79. What was the encomienda system & what other labor system was it similar to?
80. What are joint stock companies?
81. Which two European powers heavily used joint-stock companies?
82. What is the difference between Mercantilism & capitalism?
83. Characterize Germany during the Early Modern Era
84. Which European powers had absolute monarchies?
85. Which French monarch exemplified absolute monarchy?
86. Which Russian tsar sought to Westernize Russia & improve it economically and militarily?
87. Why were the Ottomans such a great threat to Europe?
88. What is a janissary?
89. Who was the greatest Islamic rival/threat to the Ottomans?
90. What was the branch of Islam followed by the Safavids?
91. Describe Safavid religious toleration.
92. Where were the Safavids & Mughals located?
93. What kind of religious diversity did Mughal rulers have to cope with?
94. Who was the first European power to establish trading ports in Mughal territory? The second?
95. The Qing dynasty benefitted from crops such as corn and silver coming from which region & imperial power?
96. Please put the Chinese dynasties , ancient period through Early Modern. in order.
97. Why did the Chinese not dominate Indian Ocean trade in the Early Modern?
98. Who was Zheng He?
99. Which Ottoman ruler is considered to be the greatest – and why?
100. How were the three Gunpowder Empires similar and different?
101. Which Mughal ruler is considered to be the greatest – and why?
102. How did the Mughal empire change over time?
103. What event signaled the beginning of the decline of the Spanish Empire and the rise of the British Empire?
104. Describe the social structure of Spanish colonial society.
105. Define the Mit’a system of Spanish South America.
106. Which European powers had constitutional monarchies?
107. Who was Suama?
108. Define the British East India Company, include the regions it controlled.
109. Define the Dutch East India Company, include the regions it controlled.
110. Define mercantilism.
111. Define capitalism
112. Define “putting-out system”.
113. Define Enlightenment.
114. Be prepared to compare Constitutionalism with Absolutism (Page 271)
115. Define absolute monarchs.
116. Define the “divine right of kings”.
117. Be prepared to compare the Latin American and North American colonies. (Page 292)
118. Define “Great Circuit”
119. Define “Middle Passage”
120. What were the Manila galleons?
121. Read #5 on p258 in your textbook. Know it like the back of your hand.