WILSON FIGHTS FOR PEACE
CH. 19, SECTION 4
MAIN IDEA
• As the war comes to an end, US President
Woodrow Wilson proposes a plan for
peace called the Fourteen Points.
• Many European leaders oppose the plan
and the US Senate fails to ratify (accept)
the peace treaty.
• Many issues were left unresolved by the
Treaty of Versailles
INTRODUCTION:
PEACE, DIPLOMACY AND
REPARATIONS
• As you are watching the short video, answer the
questions.
PEACE, DIPLOMACY AND
REPARATIONS
WILSON’S PLAN FOR PEACE
• Called the Fourteen Points
• Had four major goals:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Spreading democracy
Open Markets
International Organization dedicated to keeping peace
Active global role for the United States
TASK:
• Create a concept map to understand Wilson’s
goals and Fourteen Points
• Connect each of the fourteen points to the goal
that you think the point is trying to fill.
• Be able to explain why you connected the point to
the goal!
EXAMPLE:
Point III
Removal of
economic
barriers
Spreading
Democracy
Open
Markets
Wilson's
Foreign
Policy
Active global
role for the
United States
International
Organization
dedicated to
keeping
peace
GOALS OF FOURTEEN POINTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Spreading democracy
Open Markets
International Organization dedicated to keeping peace
Active global role for the United States
1. SPREADING DEMOCRACY
OPEN MARKETS
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
DEDICATED TO KEEPING PEACE
ACTIVE ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES
WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS
• Wilson’s plan for peace
• Divided into three parts
• First 5 were issues that had to be addressed to prevent
another war
• Next 8 dealt with boundary change
• 14th point called for the development of the League of
Nations
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
• International peace keeping organization
• Provide a forum to for nations to discuss & settle
problems without having to go to war
DEVELOPING A PEACE TREATY
• Big Four attended the meeting in Paris to discuss
creating a peace treaty
•
•
•
•
United States
France
Britain
Italy
• Germany NOT there
• Each had their own priorities
PROVISIONS OF THE TREATY
• Established 9 new nations
• Germany had to give up its colonies
• Germany could not have an army
• Germany needed to return Alsace Lorraine
to France
• Germany had to pay reparations (war
damages)
• War Guilt Clause - Germany had to take
sole responsibility for starting the war
WEAKNESS OF TREATY
• Treaty humiliated Germany
• Didn’t recognize role of other countries in igniting
the war
• Germany could not pay the reparations
• Russia lost more territory than Germany
OPPOSITION TO THE TREATY
• Many American’s opposed the treaty because they
believed it was too harsh
CONTROVERSY OVER THE
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
• Supporters
• The League of Nations could lead to peace without war
• Opposition
• The League of Nations would get the US involved in
European problems
• THE US SENATE OPPOSED THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS,
THE US NEVER JOINED
LEGACY OF THE WAR
• Desire to return to “Normalcy”
•
•
•
•
Strengthened US military & industrial power
Made social changes for African Americans & women
Propaganda provoked fears
Destroyed Europe