COURSE STRATEGY-CHEM-261-SUMMER
SEMESTER
CLASS WEBSITE
 The address of the class website is
drseemaljelani.wordpress.com
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Class notices and downloadable course material will be posted on
this site.
Please check the website regularly for information.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
 Fundamentals of organic and biological chemistry by John McMurry, Mary
E.Castellion
 Organic chemistry by Finar
 General Organic and Biological Chemistry by H.Stephen Stoker
INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION:
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Dr. Seemal Jelani
Associate Professor
Department of Chemistry
Room# 163 Armacost Building
Tel:99231581 Ext: 595
Cell: 03004194687
seemaljelani@fccollege.edu.pk
ABOUT THE CHEMISTRY MAJOR
Make an impact in the sphere of health, environment, industry, agriculture,
science, and technology with a major in Chemistry. The Chemistry major enables you to
view the world from a molecular perspective, and to solve complex problems that span
the breadth of chemistry and other sciences. You can choose to specialize in Chemistry
Through your studies you will gain transferable skills, specialized laboratory skills and
knowledge in the areas of molecular design and organic synthesis, analysis and
spectroscopic identification of chemical species, quantum chemistry, molecular
dynamics, chemical kinetics, thermodynamics and Chem-Technology
WHAT GRADUATE COURSES DOES CHEMISTRY LEAD TO?
Bachelor of Science graduates with a major in Chemistry are well-placed to apply
for:
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Professionally-focused graduate degrees in the sciences and technology,
including biotechnology, environmental systems, informatics, management
science, and nanotechnology
Graduate degrees preparing for a wide range of professions including
engineering, law, medicine and other health sciences and teaching
Masters and Honors’ pathways to research higher degrees in chemistry, as well
as related areas in the sciences and technology within the country as well as
outside the country
COURSE CONTENTS 261
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Reaction mechanisms including free radical
Eletrophillic and
Nucleophilic substitution
Addition
Elimination reaction
Chemistry of alkyl halides
Amines
Organometallic compounds
Catalytic reactions and their importance.
CHEM-261; ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1
1. HALOALKANES (ALKYL HALIDES)
 Structure and Nomenclature
 Physical Properties of Haloalkanes
 Preparation of Haloalkanes by Halogenation of Alkanes
 Mechanism of Halogenation of Alkanes, Energy profiles,
 Regioselectivity of chlorination and bromination,
 Hammond postulate
 Allylic Halogenation. NBS bromination
 Radical Autoxidation
 Radical Addition of HBr to Alkenes
2. NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION AND 2-ELIMINATION
 Nucleophilic Substitution in Haloalkanes
 Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Aliphatic Substitution
 Experimental Evidence for SN1 and SN2 Mechanisms
 Analysis of Several Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
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2-Elimination and Mechanisms of 2-Elimination
Experimental Evidence for E1 and E2 Mechanisms
Substitution Versus Elimination
Analysis of Several Competitions Between Substitutions and Eliminations
Neighboring Group Participation
3. AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
 Organomagnesium and Organolithium Compounds
 Lithium Diorganocopper (Gilman) Reagents
4. AMINES
 Structure and Classification
 Nomenclature
 Chirality of Amines and Quaternary Ammonium Ions
 Physical Properties
 Basicity and Reactions with Acids
 Preparation of amines
 Reaction with Nitrous Acid
 Hofmann Elimination
 Cope Elimination
5. CATALYTIC CARBON-CARBON BOND FORMATION
 Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions
 Organometallic Compounds and Catalysis
 The Heck Reaction
 Catalytic Allylic Alkylation
SKILL BASED ACTIVITIES
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Aims and objectives
To bring the computer and lab together
To build high order thinking and skills
To get the skills how to do statistical analysis of the results
To understand the basics of “ How to defend the work”
LAB WORK
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At the end of this course, a student is expected to have a considerable
grasp on qualitative organic analysis. He/she should be able to design
experiments to identify a given organic substance. He/she should be able
to synthesize one or more common derivatives of aldehydic, ketonic, and
carboxylic compounds.
(Element detection is taught in CHEM 160. The identification of alcohols,
phenols and amines are taught in CHEM 260.)
The main purpose of Chem-261 lab course is to teach you the basic
techniques necessary for advance research projects
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Learn how to handle equipments and chemicals
Besides to learn techniques and how to work safely
To take data carefully
To know how to record relevant observations
How to use time effectively
Learn how to solve problems
Learn how to develop critical thinking
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Lab 1. Introduction and importance of organic qualitative analysis.
Emphasis on lab safety precautions. How to prepare the lab report.
Expectations, and Evaluation scheme. Identification of the given organic
compound: benzoic acid.
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Lab 2. Preparation of a derivative of benzoic acid. Crystallization /
recrystallization. Melting point determination.
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Lab 3. Identification of an aldehyde and preparation of its derivative
(hydrazone preparation). Glucose or Benzaldehyde can be given.
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Lab 4. Identification of a ketone and preparation of its derivatives (oxime
or hydrazone preparation of the given ketone). Acetone or acetophenone
or benzophenone can be given.
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Lab 5. Identification of an ester. Hydrolysis or saponification reaction is
recommended. A fat or oil can be given.
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Lab 6-7. Use of paper chromatography for qualitative analysis /
identification. One/two experiments should be arranged to taught studnts
the use of paper chromatography for qualitative analysis. A mixture of an
aldehyde and ketone is given. Spray reagents: Fehling solution and 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) solution. First spray with Fehling
solution and warm and see which spot gives colour with it. Then, spray
with 2,4-DNPH.
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Lab 8-9. Separation of a mixture of volatile substances by GC-MS.
Students will have an opportunity to see how GC-MS works, what are its
different parts, and how to interpret the data. (a mixture of common
solvents, ethyl acetate/ethanol, will be given).
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Lab 10-13. Identification of functional group by IR spectroscopy. (No
theory will be taught about IR sy; only spectra will be interpreted. Student
will learn where the common functional groups appear in IR spectra. An
aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid and an ester will be given)
COURSE EVALUATION
ACTIVITY TO BE ASSESSED
 Final Exams:
 Mid exams:
 Laboratory work and write ups:
 Class quizzes:
 Presentations:
 Assignments:
 Attendance:
 Attitude and behaviour
Total
WEIGHTAGE (% AGE) UP
30%
15%
20%
10%
10%
08%
04%
03%
100%