American History I
Unit 3 – The New Nation
Day 3 – The New Nation Struggles

 Authors of the Constitution wanted to avoid political parties
 Why do you think this was the case?
 They felt these groups were
“factions” that threatened the unity of a republic
 However, two political parties form…
 Federalists & Democratic-
Republicans (Anti-Federalists)

Issues with Europe
• US still having problems with Spain and England
• 1793 - France declared war on England
• Who would the U.S. support?
• Washington said the US would remain neutral
• Issues the Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)
• It was important to keep out of world affairs since our nation was so new

Cause & Effect
Conflict between
Great Britain & France
Proclamation of
Neutrality (1793)
Why remain Neutral?
• Young nation, did not want to get involved
• Weak military
• Dependent on foreign trade

Problems Abroad, cont.
Impressments
• Taking of sailors from US ships to British ships
• Hamilton & Federalists urged peace (supports British)
• Jefferson & Democratic-Republicans wanted war

Cause & Effect
Proclamation of
Neutrality (1793)
“Impressments”
Britain begins stealing
US ships & sailors…
Why does G.B. do this?
How does this affect the
Neutrality Proclamation?

- The British wanted to keep Americans from settling in the
Northwest Territory
How…?
- British supplied Indians with arms to fight;
Indians resisted American troops http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/8/88/350px-United_States_1789-08-1790.png

Conflict with Native Americans
• Indians in the NW Territory refused to give up their lands
• They wanted direct negotiations with the US
• British soldiers encouraged them to rebel
• British soldiers still in that territory
• Federal gov’t sent in troops to gain control
• Led by the Miami tribe war leader,
Little Turtle defeated the US army twice

Conflict with Native Americans, cont.
• General “Mad” Anthony Wayne was sent in to stop the Indians
• Little Turtle urged peace, but the
Miami Indians didn’t listen
• Miami Indians were defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
• Led to the Treaty of Greenville

Treaty of Greenville
(1795)
• Indians surrendered all northwestern lands after the Battle of Fallen
Timbers
• Opened up the Ohio
Valley for settlement

Cause & Effect
Conflict with Indians
Little Turtle
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Treaty of Greenville
Opened Ohio to settlement
Proclamation of
Neutrality (1793)

Washington & the Farewell
Address
Essential Question: How does Washington’s point of view on foreign policy compare to that of other
Presidents?
• Each group will receive a document
• You must read the document together
• Fill out the Document Analysis sheet as you work
• Once you have completed the document analysis sheet, you will teach the class about your document’s main message

Vocabulary
• Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)
• Impressments
• Treaty of Greenville (1795)

Questions
• What is the purpose behind the Proclamation of Neutrality?
• Why do the British start to impress American sailors?
• What does the Miami Confederation give up through the Treaty of Greenville?