UNVERSITY OF IOANNINA
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS
COURSE: ENGLISH FOR ECONOMIST IV
INSTRUCTOR: Theodora Tseligka
TOPIC : Greek/World economic crisis and Eurozone & its currency
Kariofillis Ioannis A.M.: 2411
Kapartzanis Panagioths A.M.:2405
Academic Year : 2013-2014
Semester : D
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Economic crisis and Eurozone
2.1 The causes
2.2 The timeline of the crisis in the Eurozone
2.3 Funding from the Eurozone and the IMF The Greek crisis
3.
Greek crisis
3.1
Main causes
3.2
The role of currency at the Greek crisis
4. Conclusion
1. INTRODUCTION
• Since the 2008 the economies of the world started a down spiral
into an unexpected crisis and the prospect of a ‘domino’=like
collapse made its appearance
• What was the causes of the crisis in Eurozone ?
• How the crisis expended through the Europe?
• How the Eurozone and the IMF fund the Greek government ?
• Who are the main causes of the Greek crisis?
• Who was the role of currency at the Greek crisis?
2. ECONOMIC CRISIS AND EUROZONE
2.1. THE CAUSES
The main causes of the development of the crisis in the Eurozone are:
i) A decade of low interest rates
ii) The ‘adoption’ of the common currency and the monetary policy
in different economies
THE TIMELINE OF THE EUROZONE CRISIS
October 18,2009
The Greek government reveals a massive black hole in the nation’s accounts
April 7,2011
Portugal request a bailout loan of up to 78 billion euro
October 27 ,2011
The euro-area countries agree to write down Greek debt by 50%
January 6, 2012
The ECB purchase Italian and Spanish bounds
June 25, 2012
Cyprus request a bailout loan of 10 billion euro
2.3. FUNDING FROM THE EUROZONE AND THE
IMF
• The first Memorandum of Understanding includes:
• First loan of 80 billion euro form the Eurozone and 30 billion euro from
the IMF
• Second loan of 158 billion euro from the Eurozone, the IMF, the
private sector and from re-buying Greek bonds
• The second Memorandum of Understanding includes a total loan of
130 billion euro
• Both Memorandum of Understanding includes a series of fiscal
adjustments
3. GREEK ECONOMICAL CRISIS
3.1. THE MAIN CAUSES OF GREEK CRISIS
•
GDP growth rate
• As we can see from the graph the negative growth of GDP rate
is the real problem that Greek government has to cope with.
And that is why, an economy that do not produce can not be
healthy at all. So Greece has a big structural problem
• Government Deficit
As we can understand from the graph the country forced to take
continuously loans to cover the deficit, something that make the
debt even more bigger. Also, we have to observe that deficits
began to grow more after the introduction of Euro in Greek
economy.
• Greek government Debt level
• The continuously budget deficits make necessary for the country
to loan. If the GDP growth rate do not turn into positive the debt
won’t be sustainable. So, the increase of country’s debt in
conjunction with the lack of production in the country makes the
recession deeper for the Greek economy.
• Statistical credibility
A main cause of the Greek crisis was this one. From 2005 until
2009 in every year Eurostat noted a difference between its
statistical numbers and Greece ones. They discovered it in 2009
when the Greek statistics about the GDP growth, the deficit and
the public debt were worse than the reality.
3. THE ROLE OF CURRENCY AT THE GREEK
CRISIS
• In 2001 Greece introduced the European Monetary Union and
uses Euro as currency. This fact had many positives for the
country’s economy but and negatives too. Euro provided Greece
with an access to competitive loan rates and also low rates in
Eurobond market. That helped the country to increase the
consumer spending. In the other hand we see that from the time
of introduction in Euro Greek deficits are growing with bigger
rate than before.
4. CONCLUSION
• In conclusion we can understand better the causes of the
European crisis and the deeper causes of the Greek crisis. We
are able to comprehend the help that our euro-partners have
give to us and why the Greece cannot sustain it self outside
from the Eurozone.