7.5
 Evaluate the significance of the debate over tariffs and
the idea of nullification.
 Summarize the key events of the conflict over the
second Bank of the United States in the 1830s.
 Analyze the political environment in the United States
after Andrew Jackson.
 The Nullification Crisis
 The Bank War
 Politics After Jackson
 Read 7.5
 Compare the viewpoints of Jackson and Calhoun on
the issue of nullification. Fill in the three bullet points
on each person as seen in the chart on pg. 255
 The protective tariffs had long been a topic of debate
in the United States.
 The north generally favored them and the south
disliked them.
 In 1828 congress adopted an especially high tariff, the
southerners called it the Tariff of Abominations.
 This tariff had been designed to promote American
industry but also to ensure Jackson’s victory in his
presidential election.
 Jackson’s Vice President John C. Calhoun of South
Carolina violently opposed the tariff.
 He began to support a stronger defense of states’
rights.
 Calhoun also began the concept of nullification, which
meant that states could nullify or void any federal law
deemed unconstitutional.
 Jackson did not oppose the tariff as much as Calhoun
wanted.
 In 1832 the South Carolina legislature nullified the
protective tariff and prohibited the collection of
federal tariff duties in South Carolina. Also they
threatened to secede from the Union if the federal
government employed force against South Carolina.
 Calhoun resigned the vice presidency and instead
became a senator.
 Jackson generally supported states’ rights, and he
wanted a lower tariff. He drew the line at nullification
and secession.
 “Disunion by armed force is treason”
 He felt the states must ultimately honor federal law.
 Jackson denounced the National Bank because he felt
it was a new form of aristocracy and only helped the
rich industrialist.
 The Bank’s supporters denounced Jackson as a power
hungry tyrant trampling on the rights of Congress.
 Led by Henry Clay and Daniel Webster in 1832 they
formed a new political party known as the Whigs who
supported the Second National Bank.
 The Whigs were nationalists who wanted a strong
federal government to manage the economy.
 Favored the American System, protective tariffs,
internal improvements and a national bank.
 The formation of the Whigs renewed two party politics
in the United States.
 State banks expanded and inflated the U.S. currency
and hurt the economy.
 Bank notes went from only $10 million in 1833 to $149
million in 1837.
 Martin Van Buren came into Presidency in 1837.
Jackson did not leave the nation in a good state for the
new president.
 The Panic of 1837 was where they quit accepting
printed dollars for payment of federal land.
 This caused the value of land to drop and many banks
and urban workers lost their job or went bankrupt.
(worst depression up to that point)
 After the depression in 1837 the Whigs had a winning
candidate for President; William Henry Harrison.
They portrayed him falsely in the election, and he died
after one month of presidency. (pneumonia)
 John Tyler took over and restored the Bank of the
United States.