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*What was the Era of Good Feelings?
­This was a brief period during the presidency of James Monroe when partisan and regional bickering gave way to a feeling of political unity.
John Marshall ­ Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
­wrote important court decisions
­strengthened the federal government
­encouraged the growth capitalism
Daniel Webster ­ Massachusetts congressman
­opposed War of 1812
­ally of Clay's "American System"
­argued that states had no right to defy the federal government
John Calhoun ­ South Carolina congressman
­supported national bank, road system, tariffs
­leading spokesman for states' rights
­worked to protect slavery in the south
Henry Clay ­ Kentucky Senator
­proposed the "American System"­tariffs to protect industry, roads and canals, national bank
­wanted a strong federal government and a national economy
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Chapter 14
Jacksonian Democray
ry
"Self­m
icko
H
Old
ade m
risis
India
an"
C
tion
n Pol
ic
ica
ullif
y
N
bin
Ca
et
spoil
s sys
tem
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h
Kitc
Trail of Tears
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"Kitchen Cabinet" & Spoils System ­
• Jackson relied on his friends more than he did on the regular cabinet.
• He tried to reform the government.
• He believed that government workers should "go back to making a living as other people do."
• He replaced about 10% of civil servants (the employees of the government).
• Jackson rewarded his followers in the Democratic party with government jobs, which his opponents called the spoil system.
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The Nullification Crisis ­
• Tariffs (taxes that are put on imported goods) were a source of unhappiness and hardship in some states and a source of joy in others.
• Southern states suffered because of tariffs.
• When a high tariff was passed in 1828, citizens in South Carolina were outraged. They believed that the federal government had gone too far, and they threatened to secede (to withdraw from on organization or alliance).
• John C. Calhoun was a champion of South Carolina's states' rights position. He tried to have the tariffs repealed, and he argued in favor of nullification.
• Jackson threatened to send in federal troops, and the crisis ended.
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The Trail of Tears & Indian Removal Act ­
• Jackson believed that Indians should move west to make room for white settlers. He urged Congress to pass the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
• Native Americans such as the Cherokees­­
who adopted white ways, passed a constitution, and learned to read and write­­
were forced to move west.
• Some groups, like those led by Black hawk in Illinois, resisted with arms. Their resistance did not work.
• They were forced to march in the Trail of Tears to Indian Territory (Oklahoma). Many died.
• Only the Florida Seminoles had any luck with resisting removal, but only for a short time. They were eventually forced to go as well.
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