10.1 Cell Growth, Division, and
Reproduction
1. As a cell’s size increases, it
amount of DNA stays the same
2. T The amount of activity in a
cell is related to its volume.
3. F The smaller the cell, the
larger its ratio of surface area to
volume.
4. T The information crisis in a
cell is solved by the replication of
the DNA before cell division
5. The library represents the
cell’s DNA.
6. Reproduction is the formation
of new individuals.
7. For single-celled organisms,
cell division is a form of asexual
reproduction
8. Most multicellular organisms
reproduce by sexual
reproduction.
Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction
Similarities
• Produce new
organisms
• Transfer genetic
material to offspring
Differences
• Asexual produces
genetic identical
offspring
• Offspring from sexual
reproduction get
genetic information
from both parents.
• Asexual cell separate
in sexual cells join
10. A cell cannot grow very
large because if it did, it would
be unable to transport needed
materials into the cell and
transport wastes out.
How do cells grow and reproduce?
• The cell cycle:
• In prokaryotes – asexual reproduction, called
binary fission – produces genetically identical
cells (“clones”)
• In eukaryotes – cell cycle can be broken down
into distinct stages
• Chromosomes – bundled DNA (look like an
“x”)
• Chromatin – DNA coiled with proteins (look
like ball of yarn)
Cell Cycle
1. Interphase – “normal” cells
–
Divided into G1, S, and G2 phases
2. Mitosis – division of the nucleus
–
Divided into 4 phases (prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
3. Cytokinesis – division of cytoplasm
–
–
In animals – cells pinch in two
In plants – cell cannot pinch due to
cell wall
• Cell plate forms instead
Describe and draw the phase for animal cells
*Include labels: chromosome, chromatin, spindle
fibers, centriole, chromatid, nuclear envelope
Interphase
DESCRIPTION: G1, S, G2
(DRAWING)
Cytokinesis
Prophase
DESCRIPTION
(DRAWING)
Metaphase
DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
(DRAWING)
(DRAWING)
Telophase
Anaphase
DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
(DRAWING)
(DRAWING)