Major structure
Heart ------- card\o, cardi\o
Arteries ------ arteri\o
Capillaries ------- capill/o
Veins -------- phleb/o, ven/o
Blood ------- hem/o , hemat/o
Function of the cardiovascular
system
•The term of cardiovascular means pertaining to the
heart and blood vessels.
•It’s function is:
1- Is to Supply all body tissue with oxygen and
nutrients to transport cellular waste products to the
appropriate organs for removal from the body.
Structures of the cardiovascular
system
The major structures of the
cardiovascular system are
the
1. Heart
2. blood vessels
3. blood
The pericardium
Is the walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.
The walls of the heart
The walls of the heart are made up of three layers
Epicardium: it is the external layer of the heart
also is part of the inner layer of the pericardium.
Myocardium: it is the middle and thickest of the
three layers consist of cardiac muscle.
Endocardium:It is lining
of the heart, from the
inner surface of the heart.
The blood vessels:
There are three major types of blood vessels in the body
these are the:
The arteries
The arteries are the large blood vessels that carry blood
away from the heart to all the body. It is the high oxygen
blood
The capillaries
Capillaries serve as the anatomic units
connecting the arterial and venous
circulatory system.
The vein
The vein a low pressure collecting
system to return the waste filled blood
to the heart.
Medical specialties related to
cardiovascular system
Cardiologist specialties in diagnosing
and treating abnormalities, disease and
disorder of the heart.
A hematologist a specializes in
diagnosing and treating disease of the
blood.
Diagnostic procedures of the cardiovascular
system
1- Angiocardiograpy
Angio------- means blood vessel
Cardio------ means heart
Grapy------ means the process of recording
Diagnostic procedures of the
cardiovascular system (Con)
2- Cardiac catheterization (C.C) it is a
procedure in which a catheter is pulled into a vein
or artery and is guided into the heart
3- Electrocardiogram (E.C.G) or (E.K.G) is a
record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
Medical terms related to the
cardiovascular system
•Defibrillation:
Is the use of electrical shock to restore the heart
normal. Rhythm this can be performed extremely as
an emergency procedure or a device may be
implanted to control severe arrhythmias
Medical terms related to the
cardiovascular system
•A pacemaker:
Is an electronic device that
may be attached externally
or implanted under the skin,
with connections leading
into the heart to regulate the
heart beat. Pacemaker is
used as treatment for brady
cardia or arterial fibrillation.
Medical terms related to the
cardiovascular system
•An atherosclerosis: is hardening and
narrowing of the arteries.
•Ischemic heart disease (I.H.D.)
- Means insufficient supply of
oxygenated blood to heart.
angina pectoris: is a sever episode of is a
clinical syndrome characterized by pain or
feeling of pressure in the anterior chest
when body is not receiving adequate oxygen
Medical terms related to the
cardiovascular system
• Myocardial infarction: (heart attack) when blood
supply to heart is completely blocked; muscle
dies
• hypertension : high blood pressure
• Congestive heart failure: Inability of the heart to
pump its required amount of blood. Blood
accumulates in the lungs, causing pulmonary
edema.
• Tachycardia: Condition of fast, rapid heartbeat
• Bradycardia: slow heartbeat
Other terms
Terms
Carditis
Pericarditis
Myocarditis
Endocarditis
Meaning
Inflammation of the
heart
Inflammation of the
pericardium
Inflammation of the
myocardium
Inflammation of inner
layer of the heart